Zaman saat 75% Spesies Laut Punah Zaman Devonian | #kisahduniapurba

Summary

The video explores the Devonian period, highlighting its harsh environment 300-400 million years ago when 80% of the Earth was covered by oceans. It discusses the dominance of marine life, including early vertebrates and diverse predators, while terrestrial ecosystems were emerging with primitive land animals. The latter half of the Devonian saw significant geological changes, including continental drift and volcanic activity, leading to a mass extinction event that wiped out 75% of marine species. The period set the stage for the evolution of new terrestrial life forms, emphasizing its lasting impact on Earth's biodiversity and natural resources.

Takeaways

• 🌍 The Earth we know today is the result of millions of years of geological changes.
• 🌊 During the Devonian period, about 300-400 million years ago, 80% of the Earth's surface was covered by oceans.
• 🐟 The Early Devonian, known as the 'Age of Fishes,' began around 405 million years ago, featuring extensive marine transgressions that reduced land areas.
• 🌱 Terrestrial ecosystems were dominated by non-vascular plants, with early amphibians and insects beginning to emerge.
• 🦈 The average size of marine animals during this time was substantial, often exceeding 30 cm, with some reaching lengths of 5-10 meters.
• 📉 The Late Devonian period saw significant geological activity, including continental plate collisions, volcanic activity, and the formation of new landmasses.
• 🌡️ Climatic changes during the Devonian led to diverse habitats and species adaptations, with vascular plants becoming more prevalent.
• ⚡ The Late Devonian experienced a major extinction event, possibly caused by climate change and low oxygen levels in oceans, resulting in the loss of around 75% of marine species.
• 🌳 This era marked the beginnings of crucial evolutionary developments, including the emergence of amniotes, which laid the foundation for complex terrestrial life.
• ⛏️ Resources like petroleum, natural gas, and coal originated from Devonian marine organisms, significantly impacting modern energy sources and ecological evolution.

Q & A

What is the Devonian Period known as?

The Devonian Period is often referred to as the 'Age of Fishes' due to the significant diversification of fish species during this time.

What geological events characterized the Early Devonian?

The Early Devonian was marked by widespread transgression of shallow seas that covered much of the land, reducing the amount of dry land available.

How did the land and sea ecosystems differ in the Devonian Period?

In the Devonian, marine ecosystems were dominated by various species of fish and invertebrates, while terrestrial ecosystems were primarily populated by non-vascular plants and early arthropods.

What adaptations did land animals develop during the Devonian?

Amphibians and early reptiles developed adaptations such as thicker, more permeable skin and behavioral changes like hibernation or migration to survive the harsher climates.

What significant changes occurred during the Late Devonian?

The Late Devonian experienced tectonic activity, leading to continental collisions, volcanic eruptions, and significant changes in marine and terrestrial habitats.

What caused the mass extinction event at the end of the Devonian?

The mass extinction event, known as the Kellwasser event, was likely caused by factors such as climate change, ocean anoxia, and volcanic activity, resulting in the loss of about 75% of marine species.

What types of plants dominated the Devonian landscape?

During the Devonian, non-vascular plants, followed by vascular plants like ferns and early gymnosperms, began to dominate terrestrial ecosystems.

How did the Devonian Period influence modern natural resources?

The Devonian contributed to the formation of fossil fuels, such as oil and gas, from the remains of marine organisms that were buried and compressed over millions of years.

What evidence do fossils from the Devonian Period provide?

Fossils from the Devonian provide insights into the evolutionary history of marine and terrestrial life, illustrating the biodiversity and ecological complexity of that time.

Why is the Devonian Period important for understanding evolution?

The Devonian Period is crucial for understanding the evolution of complex terrestrial life, including the emergence of amniotes, which are the ancestors of most modern land vertebrates.