邯郸初中生事件暴露了中国社会怎样的创伤?中国式城市化有哪些恶果? The impact of Chinese-style urbanization|留守儿童|城市化|邯郸|初中生|心理|校园|

Anthony看世界
20 Mar 202413:48

Summary

TLDR视频通过分析河北邯郸市某初中发生的一起学生谋杀案,探讨了中国留守儿童和城市化问题。案件中,三名初中生杀害同学并转移其微信账户资金,之后正常上学并试图误导警方。视频指出,中国学校暴力事件频发,法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面存在不足。留守儿童由于缺乏家庭支持和陪伴,更容易成为校园暴力的目标。中国城乡二元户籍制度导致农民工子女无法随父母进城,加剧了留守儿童问题。视频还提到,尽管政府推动城镇化,但大城市人口控制政策限制了农民工家庭的城市融入。视频呼吁关注留守儿童的困境,反思当前的城市化政策,并提出需要更深层次的社会改革来解决这些问题。

Takeaways

  • 📚 校园暴力问题在中国尤为严重,需要社会、法律和教育系统共同努力解决。
  • 👨‍👦‍👦 中国的留守儿童问题与城市化进程紧密相关,许多孩子因父母外出务工而被留在农村。
  • 🏫 农村地区的学校管理方式往往更加严厉和权威,可能导致学生心理创伤。
  • 📉 与城市相比,农村地区的学校暴力事件发生率更高,且更容易被忽视。
  • 👥 在农村学校,缺乏父母的保护和支持,留守儿童更容易成为校园暴力的目标。
  • 📈 从2013年到2015年,随着手机在中国校园的普及,校园暴力事件的报道数量急剧上升。
  • 🚫 中国法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面存在不足,需要加强相关立法和执行力度。
  • 🤔 留守儿童的沉默和缺乏反抗可能是他们遭受欺凌的信号,家庭和学校应当更加关注这些迹象。
  • 👮‍♂️ 学校对于学生间的相互伤害往往不够重视,有时甚至采取纵容和漠视的态度。
  • 🏢 中国的城市化政策导致了大量农民工无法在城市安家,这加剧了留守儿童问题。
  • 🌐 中国的城市化进程中,政府对大城市人口数量的严格控制与城市化的目标并不一致,导致了许多社会问题。

Q & A

  • 在Handan Junior High School发生的谋杀案中,受害者Xiao Guang的背景如何?

    -Xiao Guang是一名留守儿童,他的父母离异,父亲在其他地方工作,他与祖父母一起生活。他被家人描述为一个稳重诚实的男孩,性格有些软弱和内向。

  • 中国校园暴力事件频发的主要原因是什么?

    -中国校园暴力事件频发的原因复杂,包括法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面的不足,以及特殊的社会背景,如留守儿童问题和城市化进程中的挑战。

  • 为什么说中国的法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面是严重不足的?

    -中国的法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面不足,因为缺乏大规模的校园暴力调查和统计,导致对问题的严重性缺乏了解。此外,对于校园内的暴力行为,学校往往关注不够,甚至采取纵容和漠视的态度。

  • 留守儿童在中国面临的主要问题是什么?

    -留守儿童在中国面临的主要问题是缺乏父母的陪伴和支持,这可能导致各种心理问题。他们更容易成为校园暴力的目标,并且在遭受欺凌时往往选择沉默。

  • 根据统计,中国农村留守儿童的数量有多少?

    -根据2020年的数据,中国0-17岁的儿童人口为2.98亿,其中7109万是流动儿童,6693万是留守儿童。受人口迁移影响的儿童总数为1.38亿,占中国儿童总数的46.6%。

Outlines

00:00

😔 校园暴力与留守儿童问题

第一段主要讨论了中国校园暴力事件的频发,以河北邯郸市的一起初中生谋杀案为例,探讨了背后的社会问题,特别是留守儿童问题和城市化进程。提到了中国法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面的不足,以及校园暴力在乡村地区的高发率和忽视情况。同时,分析了留守儿童由于缺乏家庭支持和学校保护,更容易成为校园暴力的受害者。

05:01

😞 校园暴力的双重根源

第二段深入分析了校园暴力的两个主要来源:一是学校对学生的暴力,包括体罚和严厉的纪律措施;二是学生之间的暴力,尤其是针对那些缺乏家庭支持和保护的留守儿童。强调了学校在处理校园暴力事件时的冷漠态度,以及学生在面对欺凌时的无助感。通过具体案例,揭示了校园暴力的严重性和对受害者的长期影响。

10:03

😓 城市化与留守儿童现象

第三段讨论了中国城市化进程中出现的问题,特别是对留守儿童现象的影响。提到了政府在推动城市化的同时,对大城市人口数量的严格控制,以及对农民工及其家庭在城市中定居的限制。分析了这种政策导致的社会矛盾,包括家庭分离和留守儿童的心理健康问题。最后,指出了中国特有的行政命令式城市化对形成城市文明和提高人们生活水平的挑战。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡留守儿童

留守儿童指的是父母外出务工,而孩子留在农村由其他家庭成员(如祖父母)照顾的儿童。在中国,这是一个与城乡发展不平衡和大规模人口迁移相关的现象。视频中提到,留守儿童面临着更多的校园暴力和心理问题,因为他们缺乏父母的直接监护和支持。

💡校园暴力

校园暴力指的是在学校环境中发生的暴力行为,包括学生之间的欺凌和教师对学生的体罚。视频中提到,中国的校园暴力问题日益严重,特别是在农村地区的学校,由于缺乏有效的管理和监督,校园暴力事件更易被忽视。

💡城市化

城市化是指人口从农村地区向城市地区迁移,以及城市地区的扩展和增长。视频中讨论了中国城市化过程中的一些问题,如农民工及其家庭在城市中的边缘化,以及政府对大城市人口规模的严格控制。

💡户籍制度

户籍制度是中国特有的一种人口管理制度,它限制了人口的自由流动,影响了农民工及其家庭在城市中的社会地位和享受公共服务的权利。视频中提到,户籍制度是导致留守儿童现象和农民工问题的重要原因之一。

💡农民工

农民工是指那些从农村迁移到城市从事非农业工作的人员。他们在城市中面临着就业不稳定、社会保障缺失和家庭分离等问题。视频中提到,农民工的这些困境是留守儿童现象的社会背景之一。

💡心理问题

心理问题指的是个体在情感、认知和行为上出现的障碍或困扰。视频中指出,由于缺乏父母的陪伴和支持,留守儿童更容易出现各种心理问题,如孤独、焦虑和抑郁。

💡社会矛盾

社会矛盾是指社会各阶层、群体或个人之间由于利益冲突而产生的紧张关系。视频中提到,校园暴力事件的频发是中国社会矛盾的一种体现,反映了社会管理和法律制度的不足。

💡法律制度

法律制度是指国家制定的用于规范社会行为和解决社会冲突的法律和规章体系。视频中提到,中国在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面的法律制度存在严重的不足,需要进一步完善。

💡教育问题

教育问题涉及教育质量和教育公平等方面,包括学校管理、教师行为和学生的学习环境等。视频中讨论了中国农村学校教育中存在的问题,如体罚、忽视学生之间的暴力行为等。

💡社会支持

社会支持指的是来自家庭、朋友、社区和政府等各方面的援助和帮助。视频中指出,留守儿童由于缺乏父母和社会的支持,更容易成为校园暴力的目标。

💡城乡差距

城乡差距指的是城市和农村之间在经济发展、社会服务、教育资源等方面存在的差异。视频中提到,城乡差距是中国留守儿童问题和校园暴力问题的重要原因之一。

Highlights

利用近期发生在邯郸市某初中的谋杀案,探讨中国留守儿童和城市化问题。

3月10日,河北邯郸三名初中生杀害同学小光,并从受害者微信账户转账190元。

犯罪后第二天,三名犯罪者像往常一样去学校上课。

面对警方和家人关于受害者下落的询问,三人给出了不一致的供词,试图误导警方。

中国法律在预防和惩罚校园暴力方面存在严重不足。

校园暴力是全球性社会问题,但在中国有其特殊原因。

受害者小光可能是农村留守儿童,与一些农村孩子非常相似。

小光的谋杀早已被预兆,三人之所以欺负他,只是因为他“容易被欺负”。

2013年至2015年,媒体报道的校园暴力事件迅速增长,从231起增至1830起。

农村地区的校园暴力发生率高于城市。

中国县城和乡镇中学的学生生活在纯粹的暴力秩序下,主要来自学校对学生的暴力和学生间的相互伤害。

农村中学学生面对欺凌时,由于缺乏父母的长期支持和陪伴,容易产生各种心理问题。

中国有留守儿童现象严重的原因是城市化进程中农民工家庭分离的结果。

2020年,中国0-17岁儿童中,有71.09百万是流动儿童,66.93百万是留守儿童。

中国政府的城市化政策思维仍然使用农民工的劳动力,但不考虑他们如何在城市安家。

中国的城市化计划是让农民来到县城,但并未触及深层改革,大量工作机会仍然集中在大城市。

行政命令式的城市化不仅难以形成城市文明,还造成了巨大的“城市留守儿童”群体。

Transcripts

play00:00

Hello everyone, I'm Anthony

play00:02

This video

play00:03

I want to take advantage of the recent murder case in Handan Junior High School.

play00:06

Let’s talk about China’s left-behind children and urbanization issues

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Let’s take a brief look at the case first

play00:13

On March 10, three junior high school students in Handan, Hebei Province

play00:16

Killed classmate Xiao Guang

play00:18

and transferred 190 yuan from the victim’s WeChat account.

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The day after the crime

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The three of them went to school as usual

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When the victim’s family and the police

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When asking about the victim's whereabouts

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Three people gave inconsistent confessions

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Trying to mislead the police

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After reading this case

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my feeling is

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From their motives to their methods, these three criminals

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All extremely primitive and cold

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Why did they dare to play games and go to school after committing the crime?

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Able to lie calmly when asked

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It’s not because of a particularly strong psychological quality

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Purely primitive, uncivilized evil

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in recent years

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Frequent outbreaks of vicious school violence in China

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But there are very few cruel incidents like this

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In this regard, public opinion is more focused on

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How to convict and sentence these three murderers

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need to admit

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Chinese law

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On the prevention and punishment of school violence

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is seriously inadequate

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but i think

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The law is of very limited help in such matters

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school violence

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It is a social problem faced by the whole world

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But there are some special reasons for school violence in China

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When I first saw this news

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I had a premonition

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The victim Xiaoguang should be a left-behind child in a rural area

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because

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He and some rural children I have come into contact with

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so similar

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The person concerned attended Jiudian Middle School in Feixiang District

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This is an ordinary township school

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There are media reports

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Xiaoguang’s parents are divorced

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Father works in other places

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He lives with his grandparents

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In the impression of family members

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Xiaoguang is a steady and honest boy

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His father described him as a bit soft and introverted.

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Meeting elders in the village

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I generally don’t take the initiative to call people.

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all of these

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They are very consistent with the characteristics of ordinary left-behind children.

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Xiao Guang’s murder had already been foreshadowed.

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The reason why three people bullied him

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It's just because he's "easy to bully"

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His father said: The child refused to go to school for a while.

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But the family all thought the child was playful

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He also advised his children to continue going to school.

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Now it seems

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These are actually distress signals.

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Compared with European and American countries

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Because China at the national level

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Lack of large-scale investigations into school violence

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Collection and statistics

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No one knows how serious the situation really is

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According to statistics from the Public Opinion Monitoring Center of the Rule of Law Network

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From January 2013 to May 2015

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Public reports of school violence are rising rapidly

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From 231 cases in February 2013

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Growth to 1,830 pieces as of April 2015

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This is not because before 2013

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There are really so few violent incidents

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Because of these events

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Quite a lot of it is due to

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The perpetrator filmed the assault on his cell phone

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Upload the video to the Internet and trigger public opinion

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Just become known

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And from 2013 to 2015

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It is also the case that mobile phones are used in Chinese campuses

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period of rapid spread

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Judging from the existing investigations

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Incidence rate of school violence among middle school students

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It is higher in rural areas than in cities

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Better to go to a bad school than a good school

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In the vast counties and towns,

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School violence becomes more frequent

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and more likely to be ignored

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And these areas

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This is the true background of China

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In China’s county and township middle schools

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Except for a few who can get support from their family of origin

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Or students who are protected by schools and teachers

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Most students

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Living under an order of pure violence

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This violence mainly comes from two aspects:

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First, violence against students in schools

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Compared with middle schools in big cities

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County and township middle schools

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Teachers’ discipline methods are much more brutal and authoritarian

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In this video I released in December 2022

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Listed what is the school management model in China?

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Cause psychological trauma to students

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You can click on the upper right corner to watch

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The more backward areas are

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This management model is even more brutal

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In 2019, a middle school in Guizhou banned girls from wearing makeup.

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Let the male teacher use a dirty rag to forcefully remove makeup from his face

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And the students in this middle school

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Mainly left-behind children

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Rough control can easily lead to fierce resistance

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For example, in 2015

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A high school student in Yongcheng County, Henan Province

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Because the food in the school canteen is of poor quality and price

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Destroy supermarkets and canteens

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And overturned the police car that came to arrest

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However, it is worth noting that

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This kind of tyranny and violence in schools

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It mainly targets the following crimes:

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That is, students’ behavior of disobeying school disciplines

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As for the mutual harm between students

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The school does not pay much attention to

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Even conniving and indifferent

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This

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It is the second type of violence faced by rural middle school students

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In the vast number of county and township middle schools

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Pure law of the jungle prevails

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Those parents are not around

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There are children brought up by the elderly

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More likely to choose silence when faced with bullying

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Even if I get together with my parents

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Because the time we get together every year is very short

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The relationship with parents is not close enough.

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Parents are usually not informed

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Even if your parents work locally

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If parents lack time and energy

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No culture

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Or he is also very rude

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Not supportive enough of children

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Then children tend to be patient

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Some bullied students

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May look for other classmates

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avenge oneself

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Fight violence with violence

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Others will choose to report to the teacher

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A small number of people may even join another violent organization

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Find support for yourself

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No more being bullied

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Our channel

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Often criticizes China’s exam-oriented education

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But there’s something worse than “achievement first”

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It’s “violence comes first”

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Township middle schools and vocational schools

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It is often a place where school bullies and gangsters run rampant

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within a small group

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Students quickly learn to identify those who are easy to bully

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Who is not easy to bully?

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And those who are bullied

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There were no students who resisted immediately

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often become the target of malicious outpourings

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These students are on a Chinese campus where maintaining stability is paramount.

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It is difficult to get relief from the school

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I once communicated with a girl who studied in a rural middle school

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she told me

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School violence is very serious

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Not only teachers often punish students corporally

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Students also hurt each other

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And those who are beaten by teachers

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Usually bullied by students

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She was often beaten by a female teacher

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one day

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She finally couldn't stand it

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told his mother

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Her mother immediately went to the school to find the teacher

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And hinted that he knew the principal

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From then on, the teacher never hit her again.

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This is certainly a success story

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But in fact

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The vast majority of children in similar situations

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It is impossible to copy or imitate

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This girl

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The takeaway from this is that “power is really useful.”

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This is a person in that situation

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Very easy to come up with ideas

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Individual violence by students

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Institutionalized violence originating in schools

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The school does not protect students who are bullied

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It may not be because the school bully has a certain background

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Rather, we only consider the issue from the perspective of maintaining stability.

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The less trouble, the better

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And this will inevitably cause disadvantages to the weak

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Forced to settle the matter

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There are even teachers who form an alliance with school bullies

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Use the school bully to maintain order in the class

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Children who grow up in such an environment

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Due to long-term lack of support from parents

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lack of companionship

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Various psychological disorders are highly likely to occur

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certainly

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If we broaden our horizons

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A question like this will be asked:

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Why is the phenomenon of left-behind children so serious in China?

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According to China’s child population status in 2020

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Facts and Figures

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China's population of children aged 0-17 in 2020 is 298 million

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Among them, 71.09 million are migrant children

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66.93 million left-behind children

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The total number of children affected by population migration is 138 million

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Accounting for 46.6% of the total number of children in China

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among migrant children

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Although some of them can be with their parents

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But due to frequent migration

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and unstable living conditions

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Therefore, they also belong to the vulnerable group

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research has shown

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There are 8 provinces with more than 2 million rural left-behind children.

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A total of 25.7 million people

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Among them, Henan Province has the largest number of left-behind children in rural areas.

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More than 6 million

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After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949

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Implement the urban-rural dual household registration system

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During the Mao Zedong Era

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The household registration system guarantees the city’s special status

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During the three years of famine

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Many people starved to death in the rural areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang near Shanghai

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However, due to strict control

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Peasants cannot do what they did during the Republic of China

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Come to Shanghai to escape famine

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After reform and opening up

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The government gradually allows rural laborers to move to cities to work

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But in fact

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Until 2,000 years later

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It was gradually canceled

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Various policy restrictions on migrant workers

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The famous Sun Zhigang case occurred in Guangzhou in 2003

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Sun Zhigang as an outsider

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Because I didn’t bring my temporary residence permit

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After being sent to a shelter by the police, he was beaten to death

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The incident subsequently caused huge controversy

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and contributed to the abolition of the asylum and repatriation system.

play09:00

But it also shows

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How severe was the discrimination suffered by immigrants at that time?

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In addition, Sun Zhigang can arouse heated discussions in public opinion

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To a large extent, it is also because he is a college student

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Instead of homeless people and migrant workers

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but

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to this day

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The Chinese government’s policy thinking

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Still using the labor of migrant workers to come in and work

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but do not consider how they will settle down in the city

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But I hope they can keep their families in their hometowns

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Migrant workers cannot match those with urban household registration

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enjoy equal rights

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Children cannot attend school with their parents

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Unless a certain threshold is reached

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But this is quite harsh for migrant workers

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Due to various hidden limitations

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Migrant workers in the city

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Most can only work in restaurants and hair salons

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Odd jobs such as construction sites and housekeeping

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Or individual industrial and commercial households or urban vendors, etc.

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Characteristics of these jobs

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It’s the lack of career stability and security

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According to the National Bureau of Statistics in 2014

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Survey on migrant workers across the country:

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The proportion of migrant workers who have signed labor contracts accounts for 38%

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Nearly 5/6 migrant workers do not have social security

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Although this is data from 10 years ago

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But there hasn’t been any big change so far

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This is enough to make migrant workers

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Unable to meet the residential requirements of major cities

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For example

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Shanghai residence permit

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It requires "legal and stable employment" in this city

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And participate in social security for 6 months

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also

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Although the current social security policy provides flexible employment

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Provided in a personal capacity

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Ways to participate in employee social security

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But this way

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The individual needs to bear the part originally paid by the enterprise

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It is equivalent to a disguised increase in the cost of living.

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Chinese state media often announce

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China has no foreign influence in the urbanization process

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The emergence of slums

play10:41

and attributed it to China’s special institutional advantages

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But this is mainly because

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The government artificially deprives migrant workers of their right to reside

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It makes it difficult to drag your family to live in the city

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And is in a state of being deported at any time

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On the one hand, the Chinese government promotes urbanization

play10:57

On the other hand, they strictly control the number of people in big cities

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In the "Shanghai Urban Master Plan 2016-2040"

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Shanghai’s permanent population target in 2020

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is set to 25 million people

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and requires achieving 20 years of zero growth.

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But this is not inconsistent with the goal of urbanization

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From a practical point of view

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The authorities do not want the rural population to

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Flooding into first-tier cities in large numbers

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I don’t want them all to stay in the countryside

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The urbanization plan designed by the authorities for them

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Come to the county seat

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May 2022

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Office of the State Council

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Printed and distributed

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"About advancing

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Opinions on urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier"

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The opinion emphasizes:

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"We should take counties as the basic unit

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Promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas. "

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In order to bring farmers to the county town

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The authorities have invested a lot of money in the county

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Use administrative power to close rural schools in large numbers

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Concentrate educational resources into cities and towns

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Or the central primary school in the county

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This can also attract farmers to buy houses in the county.

play11:55

However

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Without touching on deep reforms

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The lifeless situation in China's vast counties

play12:01

no change possible

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A large number of job opportunities are still concentrated in big cities

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this means

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Parents of left-behind children

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Still need to go to big cities to work

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The situation of separation from the children has not changed

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In the process of urbanization in Western countries

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Rural decline will also occur

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Problems such as family separation and high incidence of psychological problems

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However, as farmers were accepted by cities

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become a citizen

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Integrate into urban society

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These

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It will also become a transitional phenomenon in history.

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However

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This kind of administrative command-style urbanization in China

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Not only is it difficult to form an urban civilization

play12:34

also created a huge

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"Urban left-behind population" group

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Nowadays, this phenomenon occurs in many areas:

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Parents work in big cities

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But the children are in the county near their hometown

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Or rent a house in town

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The house in my hometown in the countryside is vacant

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Or leave an old man to look after you

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This not only caused a huge waste of material

play12:53

It also worsens people’s living conditions.

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administrative power

play12:58

Urbanization that replaces individual spontaneous choices

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It’s indeed very Chinese.

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Therefore, behind the increasing urbanization rate

play13:05

what people see

play13:07

Doesn’t it symbolize the openness and tolerance of civil society?

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spiritual growth

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Rather

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Increasing hostility

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The recent outbreak of various campus violence incidents

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Just one of these social contradictions

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That’s all for today’s video

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play13:25

If you have any questions or personal confusion

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Want to consult me

play13:28

Please contact my email

play13:30

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play13:32

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play13:34

Place it in the list of "Psychology and Education"

play13:36

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play13:37

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play13:40

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