Definición del materialismo dialéctico karl marx

Summary

Dialectical materialism, a key concept in Marxist theory, explains that change arises from conflicts between opposing forces, each with internal contradictions. It emphasizes that material conditions, not ideas or consciousness, are the primary drivers of social and economic change. Marx and Engels adapted Hegelian dialectics to focus on the material world, asserting that thoughts are shaped by human labor and class struggle. The theory highlights the importance of class conflict in societal transformation and suggests that accumulated frustration with capitalism can lead to revolutionary moments, offering opportunities for socialist movements to rise.

Takeaways

• 😀 The dialectical materialism is a Marxist view of reality, emphasizing change through conflicts between opposites, each with internal contradictions.
• 😀 The term 'dialectical materialism' was coined by Karl Kautsky and became popular among Marx's followers after his death.
• 😀 Dialectics, which originated from ancient societies like the Chinese and Greeks, explains nature as a constantly changing state.
• 😀 German idealists in the 18th and 19th centuries, including Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, expanded dialectical thought to explain changes in the world, focusing on concepts and consciousness.
• 😀 Marx and Engels critiqued idealism, instead emphasizing that material conditions, rather than ideas, shape society and history.
• 😀 Marxist theory argues that material reality, not the spirit or consciousness, drives change and defines social and economic processes.
• 😀 According to Marx and Engels, thoughts are not independent of material reality but are shaped by practical struggles in the economic system.
• 😀 Marx and Engels adapted Hegel’s dialectical process to liberate it from spiritualism, focusing on materialism as the primary force of change.
• 😀 Class struggle is seen as the most visible result of dialectical materialism, representing the conflict between two opposing classes in society.
• 😀 The accumulation of frustration and antagonism in capitalist societies can lead to moments of sudden upheaval, presenting opportunities for revolutionary intervention.

Q & A

What is the definition of dialectical materialism?

Dialectical materialism is the Marxist view of reality, which holds that change arises from conflicts between opposites, each with its own internal contradictions. It is called 'materialism' because Marxists believe that physical matter is the only subject to change in the world.

Why is the term 'dialectical' used in dialectical materialism?

The term 'dialectical' is used because changes occur through conflicts between opposing forces, each having its own contradictions. This concept is rooted in the ancient belief systems of societies like the Chinese and Greeks.

Who coined the term 'dialectical materialism'?

The term 'dialectical materialism' was coined by Karl Kautsky, not Karl Marx. It gained popularity among Marx's followers after his death.

How did the ancient philosophers influence dialectical materialism?

Ancient philosophers, particularly from Chinese and Greek traditions, viewed nature as a state of constant flux. The idealist philosophers of the 18th and 19th centuries, like Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, expanded on this view, explaining change as a dialectical process.

What is the primary distinction between materialism and idealism in the context of dialectical materialism?

Materialism holds that physical matter is the fundamental reality and source of all change, while idealism posits that spirit or consciousness is the primary source of reality. Marxists reject idealism in favor of materialism.

How do Marx and Engels reinterpret Hegel’s dialectical process?

Marx and Engels reversed Hegel's dialectical process, which subordinated matter to spirit. They argued that matter, not spirit, is the primary force, with thought being a product of human labor and the material conditions of society.

According to Marxism, what role do thoughts, feelings, and will play in the material world?

In Marxism, thoughts, feelings, and will are seen as products of the material world. They are not independent of the material conditions but arise from the struggles to overcome contradictions in the economic system.

How does the concept of class struggle relate to dialectical materialism?

Class struggle is seen as the most visible outcome of dialectical materialism. It arises from the contradictions inherent in the economic systems, particularly between different social classes, and is seen as the driving force for social and economic change.

What does Robin say about the role of frustration and antagonism in capitalist societies?

Robin states that a buildup of frustration and antagonism towards capitalism can suddenly explode, providing revolutionary opportunities for Marxist movements to intervene and organize the working class towards socialist ideals.

Why do Marxists see moments of accumulated frustration as crucial for revolutionary action?

Marxists view these moments of accumulated frustration as crucial because they create the conditions for social unrest, which can be leveraged by revolutionaries to push for systemic change, such as the transition towards socialism.