Sejarah Perkembangan Komputer
Summary
TLDRThis video provides a concise history of the development of computers, from their inception in 1822 by Charles Babbage to the current era of artificial intelligence and smartphones. It covers five key generations, starting with early mechanical and vacuum tube computers, followed by the invention of transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors that led to personal computers, laptops, and smartphones. The video also highlights the transition to touchscreens and the rise of AI, predicting that future advancements will further revolutionize technology.
Takeaways
- ๐ป The majority of human tasks in the modern era are performed using computers, which have become essential in daily life.
- ๐งโ๐ฌ The first computer was created in 1822 by mathematician Charles Babbage, known for developing a machine that could calculate mathematical tables.
- ๐ข In 1833, Babbage's machine evolved into the 'Analytical Engine,' considered the first digital programmable computer.
- ๐จโ๐ป Charles Babbage is often referred to as the 'Father of Computers' for his contributions to the field of computing.
- ๐ง In 1937, Professor Howard Aiken from Harvard University introduced ideas to mechanize computers, which led to the development of electronic computers with the help of IBM.
- ๐ก The evolution of computers is divided into five generations, starting with the use of vacuum tubes in the first generation.
- ๐ The second generation saw the replacement of vacuum tubes with transistors, and IBM played a major role in the commercial introduction of computers.
- ๐ฅ๏ธ The third generation involved the development of integrated circuits, leading to the creation of smaller computers like mini-computers and the first operating systems.
- ๐ NASA used third-generation computers to support the Apollo space missions, including the Apollo guidance computer.
- ๐ฑ The fifth generation includes advancements like touchscreen technology and artificial intelligence, with smartphones and wearable devices becoming common, while AI is expected to dominate future computing.
Q & A
Who is credited with creating the first computer, and when was it invented?
-The first computer was created by Charles Babbage in 1822. He developed a machine called the 'analytical engine,' which could calculate mathematical tables.
Why is Charles Babbage known as the 'Father of Computers'?
-Charles Babbage is known as the 'Father of Computers' because his invention, the analytical engine, laid the foundation for future computing machines.
What significant development did Professor Howard Aiken contribute to computers in 1937?
-Professor Howard Aiken of Harvard University suggested that computers should perform tasks mechanically. With IBM's help, he developed an electronic computing device called the Harvard Mark I.
What is the significance of the ENIAC computer built in 1946?
-ENIAC, built in 1946, was the first general-purpose computer. When it was initially turned on, it caused a power outage in Philadelphia due to its immense energy consumption.
What characterized the first generation of computers?
-The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes for data storage and were mainly used by the military and academia. These computers were large enough to fill entire rooms.
What technological advancement defined the second generation of computers?
-The second generation of computers was defined by the replacement of vacuum tubes with transistors, which made computers more efficient and smaller.
How did IBM contribute to the commercial use of computers during the second generation?
-IBM introduced the UNIVAC in 1951 for commercial use, marking the beginning of widespread business use of computers.
What innovation occurred during the third generation of computers?
-The third generation of computers saw the introduction of integrated circuits, which made computers even smaller, faster, and more powerful. This generation also saw the development of minicomputers.
What role did NASA play in advancing third-generation computers?
-NASA used third-generation computers, such as the Apollo Guidance Computer, to manage and control the Apollo space missions, showcasing the importance of these computers in complex tasks.
What key developments occurred in the fourth generation of computers?
-The fourth generation, starting in the 1970s, saw the invention of the microprocessor and the rise of personal computers, which led to innovations like home computers, laptops, and smartphones.
What distinguishes the fifth generation of computers from earlier generations?
-The fifth generation of computers is marked by the development of touch-screen technology, smaller devices like smartphones, and the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in computing.
Outlines
๐ป The Evolution of Computers and Their Importance
The introduction highlights how computers have become essential tools in modern life, evolving from simple aids to indispensable devices. It briefly mentions the historical context of computers and how they are now a vital necessity for society. The segment sets the stage for a discussion on the history of computers, starting with their invention by Charles Babbage in 1822.
๐งฎ The Birth of Computing: Charles Babbage and the Analytical Engine
This paragraph covers the origins of the computer, beginning with Charles Babbage, who invented the first machine capable of calculating mathematical tables around 1833. Known as the 'Analytical Machine,' this invention marked the birth of digital computing. Babbage's contribution earned him the title 'Father of Computers,' as his invention significantly aided mathematical and technical tasks.
๐ The Role of IBM and Harvard in Advancing Computing
The focus shifts to the development of computers in the 1930s and 1940s. Professor Howard Aiken from Harvard University, in collaboration with IBM, furthered the mechanical capabilities of computers. The first electronic computers were created during this time, including the Harvard Mark I (also known as the 'Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator'). These advancements paved the way for future electronic systems.
๐ฅ๏ธ The Generational Evolution of Computers: From Military to Academia
This section outlines the five generations of computers, beginning with the first generation used in military and academic settings. Early computers like the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (1937) and ENIAC (1946) are discussed, emphasizing their groundbreaking roles in solving complex problems. These computers used vacuum tubes and were enormous in size, occupying entire rooms.
๐ The Emergence of Transistors and Commercial Computing
The second generation of computers is marked by the replacement of vacuum tubes with transistors, leading to the creation of smaller, more efficient machines like UNIVAC. Introduced in 1951, UNIVAC revolutionized commercial computing, while IBM became a dominant force in the industry. This period saw the development of memory and operating systems, essential components for modern computing.
๐ฌ Integrated Circuits and Miniaturization: The Third Generation
With the advent of integrated circuits in the third generation, computers became even more compact and powerful. The development of mini-computers and the impact of this innovation on space exploration, particularly NASA's Apollo program, is highlighted. Computers from this era influenced the future of operating systems and established new benchmarks in computing efficiency.
๐ฑ The Rise of Microprocessors and Personal Computers
The fourth generation, starting in the 1970s, witnessed the introduction of microprocessors, which allowed computers to become smaller and more affordable. This innovation led to the rise of personal computers (PCs) and the subsequent development of laptops and smartphones. The fierce competition over patents for smart devices began during this time, as technology giants vied for market dominance.
โ Touchscreens, Smartphones, and the Fifth Generation of Computing
The fifth generation of computers brought rapid advancements in touchscreen technology and the miniaturization of devices. The rise of smartphones and even smartwatches exemplifies the cutting-edge trends in computing. Additionally, the growing prominence of Android as a mobile operating system is noted. The segment ends with a glimpse into the future, where artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to dominate the sixth generation of computers.
Mindmap
Keywords
๐กComputer
๐กCharles Babbage
๐กAnalytical Engine
๐กDigital
๐กENIAC
๐กVacuum Tubes
๐กTransistor
๐กIntegrated Circuit
๐กMicroprocessor
๐กPersonal Computer
๐กSmartphone
๐กArtificial Intelligence
Highlights
The first computer was created in 1822 by Charles Babbage, a mathematician, to calculate mathematical tables.
In 1833, Charles Babbage's machine, named the Analytical Engine, became known as the first digital programmable computer.
Charles Babbage is known as the 'Father of Computers' due to his contributions to the development of the first programmable machine.
In 1937, Professor Howard Aiken from Harvard University proposed the idea of mechanical computing, leading to advancements in electronic devices.
IBM helped develop the first electronic computer, named 'Mark I' or the 'Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator' in 1944.
The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes and were employed for military and academic purposes, such as solving linear equations and decrypting Nazi codes.
The ENIAC, built in 1946, was the first general-purpose computer, which, upon first activation, caused a power outage in Philadelphia.
The second generation of computers began with the replacement of vacuum tubes by transistors, improving size and performance.
In 1951, UNIVAC became the first commercial computer, marking the start of computers being used by businesses.
The third generation of computers introduced integrated circuits, leading to the development of smaller and more powerful computers.
NASA used third-generation computers, such as the Apollo Guidance Computer, for its space missions during the Apollo program.
The fourth generation of computers began in the 1970s with the invention of microprocessors, leading to personal computers and home computers.
The emergence of laptops and smartphones resulted from advancements in microprocessors during the fourth generation.
The fifth generation of computers saw rapid advancements in touchscreens and miniaturization, including the rise of smartphones and smartwatches.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to be the focus of the sixth generation of computers, marking a new era of technological innovation.
Transcripts
Hai Sebagian besar pekerjaan manusia di
era modern ini dilakukan menggunakan
komputer pada awalnya komputer hanya
sebagai sarana penunjang pekerjaan
Nah sekarang komputer menjadi suatu
kebutuhan yang wajib dimiliki oleh
masyarakat
Bagaimanakah sejarah tentang komputer
[Musik]
Hai apa kabar semuanya salam sejahtera
untuk kita semua we meet again in aneka
belajar pada video kali ini kita akan
membahas tentang sejarah singkat
perkembangan komputer sebelum kita
lanjut ke pembahasan untuk mendukung
channel ini agar lebih berkembang
silahkan kalian tekan tombol subscribe
dan aktifkan notifikasinya dibawah ini
agar tidak ketinggalan video-video
terbaru lainnya awal pertama kalinya
komputer diciptakan ada pada tahun 1822
oleh seorang ahli matematika Charles
babbage
ini dia menciptakan alat yang dapat
menghitung sebuah table matematika
sekitar tahun 1833 mesin itu dinamakan
analitical mesin Sejak saat itu alat itu
dikenal sebagai digital propolis
komputer
berkatalah ciptaan Charles babbage
banyak orang yang terbantu terutama
untuk aktivitas yang berhubungan dalam
menghitung Oleh sebab itu Charles
babbage dijuluki sebagai Bapak komputer
Kemudian pada tahun 1937 Profesor Howard
awcomp dari Harvard University mencoba
memberikan masukan agar komputer dapat
melakukan tugas secara mekanik berkat
perusahaan IBM perangkat komputer dapat
dibuat secara elektronik sehingga
komputer tersebut diberi nama horor
Thailand day one kalkulator pengontrol
berurutan otomatis atau bisa disebut
juga Ice sekitar tahu
1944
secara garis besar perkembangan komputer
terbagi dalam lima generasi
generasi pertama dimulai ketika komputer
digunakan dalam Academy dan militer
seperti komputer atau nosoft dibuat pada
tahun 1937
untuk menyelesaikan sistem persamaan
linear
dan komputer colossus untuk memecahkan
kode rahasia Jerman Nazi
kemudian eniac yang dibangun pada tahun
1946 menjadi komputer pertama untuk
tujuan umum ketika komputernya
dinyalakan untuk pertama kali Filadelfia
mengalami mati listrik kemudian generasi
ini menggunakan tabung vakum untuk
menyimpan data dan ukurannya memakan
satu ruangan
generasi kedua
dimulai ketika transistor menggantikan
dan tabung vakum univac diperkenalkan ke
publik tahun 1951 untuk penggunaan
komersial
Kemudian pada tahun 1953 ibmp memulai
bisnis komputernya dengan merilis IBM
sik hunder pipti dan IBM Seven hundred
berbagai bahasa pemograman mulai
dikembangkan dan komputer mulai memiliki
memori dan sistem operasi generasi
ketiga dimulai ketika teknologi
transistor meningkat menjadi sirkuit
terpadu komputer mini adalah inovasi
yang signifikan dalam generasi ini dan
mempengaruhi generasi komputer
selanjutnya
Nasa menggunakan komputer generasi ini
untuk melancarkan program Apollo
Hai seperti komputer bimbingan Apollo
untuk mempermudah kendali Apollo comment
atau service modul
digital equipment corporation menjadi
perusahaan komputer nomor dua di
belakang IDM dengan komputer TDP dan
faxnya
komputer ini membawa ke perkembangan
sistem operasi yang berpengaruh unit
generasi keempat
dimulai pada dasawarsa 1970 and ketika
penemuan mosfet dan integrasi berskala
besar selanjutnya membawa kepengembangan
mikroprosesor di awal 1970 and komputer
pribadi yang semakin kecil berkat
mikroprosesor mulai berkembang dimulai
dari komputer rumahan dan komputer meja
teknologi selanjutnya adalah laptop dan
ponsel cerdas yang sangat fenomenal
membawa
di perusahaan teknologi ke dalam perang
paten atas ponsel cerdas
komputer generasi kelima
pada generasi kelima ini perkembangan
komputer terus mengalami kemajuan yang
cukup pesat pada generasi ini mulai
dikembangkan teknologi layar sentuh
teknologi komputer yang lebih Mini lagi
pada sebuah smartphone
bahkan jam tangan pun juga sudah
bermunculan yang menggunakan teknologi
komputer
pada generasi ini sistem operasi Android
mulai dikenal pada perangkat smartphone
perkembangan komputer masih akan terus
berlanjut sampai nanti menjelang
generasi keenam yang nantinya
teknologi eye atau artificial
intelegence akan menjadi Primadona di
dunia komputer
Nah itulah sejarah perkembangan komputer
secara singkat Semoga bisa memberikan
manfaat untuk kita semua Sekian dari
saya si letter and Kyuubi RAB
[Musik]
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