LITERATURA del VANGUARDISMO: Características, temas y autores

Summary

This video script delves into the avant-garde art and literary movements, highlighting seven key characteristics including experimentation, spontaneity, and the element of surprise. It discusses the avant-garde's break from traditional forms, the quest for originality, and its critical and subversive nature. The script also covers specific movements such as Futurism, Dadaism, Surrealism, Cubism, Ultraism, and Creationism, each with its unique traits and contributions to the art world, emphasizing the avant-garde's pure expression of rebellion and freedom.

Takeaways

• 🎨 The avant-garde movements were characterized by experimentation, spontaneity, and novelty in artistic expression, often breaking away from traditional norms.
• 🔮 Avant-garde artists embraced the element of surprise and chance in their works, moving away from the rigid, planned aesthetic of traditional art.
• 📜 Vanguard movements experimented with breaking traditional writing forms, such as creating caligrams and poems without traditional sense or structure.
• 🌟 The avant-garde sought originality, pushing boundaries with the freedom and license they allowed themselves, exploring the abstract and subconscious.
• 😄 Humor, sarcasm, and satire were key elements in many avant-garde works, often used to challenge established aesthetic and traditional art canons.
• 💥 Avant-garde movements were critical and subversive, using art as a vehicle for messages that invited change and challenged the status quo.
• 📚 The search for freedom of expression was a fundamental characteristic of the avant-garde, often rebelling against the aesthetics and norms of previous artistic movements.
• 🏁 The origin of the name 'Dadaism' is attributed to chance, reflecting the movement's embrace of spontaneity and randomness in art creation.
• 🌈 Futurism, Dadaism, Surrealism, Cubism, Ultraism, and Creationism were all avant-garde movements with unique characteristics and contributions to art and literature.
• 🌍 Avant-garde movements were not only about artistic expression but also about reflecting on the fragility of human existence and challenging preconceived notions of morality and propriety.
• 👁️ The avant-garde period was marked by a significant shift in the world's artistic and philosophical outlook, especially after the tragic events of World War I.

Q & A

What are the characteristics of the avant-garde movements?

The avant-garde movements are characterized by experimentation, spontaneity, novelty in artistic expression, the element of surprise and the importance of chance, breaking traditional forms of writing, the search for originality, humor, mordacity, sarcasm, and satire, being critical and subversive, and the fundamental feature of freedom of expression and pure rebellion.

What does 'a bolivia' mean in the context of avant-garde movements?

In the context of avant-garde movements, 'a bolivia' is a French expression that refers to those who go ahead or are in the forefront, implying that these movements are advanced, novel, and experimental.

Why did avant-garde movements incorporate the element of chance and surprise in their works?

Avant-garde movements incorporated the element of chance and surprise to break away from the rigidity of planned and aesthetically concerned traditional art, reflecting the volatile and changeable nature of thought and life.

What is the significance of 'caligramas' and 'poems without sense' in the avant-garde movements?

Caligramas and poems without sense represent an attempt to link all arts with each other, playing with the visual aspect and allowing poetry to take the form of what it represents, in an attempt to create a dance of the senses.

How did the avant-garde movements approach the concept of originality?

Avant-garde movements approached originality by experimenting with the margins of freedom, from the most absurd to the change of chromatic tonalities, the abstract, and the subconscious, especially after World War I which led to a significant shift in the world's expressive universe.

What role did humor play in the avant-garde works?

Humor, in the form of mordacity, sarcasm, and satire, played a significant role in avant-garde works as a means to mock traditional aesthetics and established art canons, often leading to public reflection.

How were avant-garde movements critical and subversive?

Avant-garde movements were critical and subversive by using their irreverent attitude and break with the status quo to convey messages that invited change, often incorporating forms of political and social critique.

What is the fundamental feature of the avant-garde movements?

The fundamental feature of the avant-garde movements is the freedom of expression and pure rebellion, which allowed them to oppose and break away from the aesthetics and norms of previous artistic movements.

Who were some of the key figures in the avant-garde movements?

Key figures in the avant-garde movements include Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Tristan Tzara, André Breton, Pablo Picasso, Jorge Luis Borges, and Vicente Huidobro.

What are some of the specific characteristics of Futurism, Dadaism, Surrealism, Cubism, Ultraism, and Creacionismo?

Futurism emphasized force, vitality, and the beauty of war, speed, and technology. Dadaism was provocative, scandalous, and chaotic, with a fondness for the spontaneous and random. Surrealism focused on the importance of the subconscious in artistic creation. Cubism broke with traditional perspective and used muted colors. Ultraism was characterized by the elimination of excessive adjectives and descriptions, and the creation of neologisms. Creacionismo was about creating completely new spaces in literature and distancing from realism.

How did the avant-garde movements reflect the changes in the world's perspective after World War I?

After World War I, the avant-garde movements reflected the changes in the world's perspective by challenging the fragility of human existence and the limits of being, leading to the abandonment of 19th-century preconceptions of propriety and moralism, and embracing new forms of expression.