Prevention Levels & Determinants of Health: Community Health - Fundamentals of Nursing | @LevelUpRN

Summary

In this video, Ellis from Level Up RN discusses the prevention levels and determinants of health. The three levels of prevention are primary (preventing disease before it begins), secondary (early detection through screenings), and tertiary (slowing disease progression after diagnosis). Determinants of health include environmental factors like access to resources and social factors such as socioeconomic status. These factors significantly influence an individual's health outcomes, with those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds or socially isolated individuals at higher risk for poor health.

Takeaways

• 🛡️ Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it starts, including education on diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications, as well as immunizations.
• 🔍 Secondary prevention involves early detection of diseases through screenings like mammograms or colonoscopies, and psychosocial screenings such as depression or domestic violence.
• 🏥 Tertiary prevention aims to slow or stop disease progression and its complications after diagnosis, including rehabilitation and support groups.
• 🐔 The mnemonic for prevention levels is: Primary - Preventing, Secondary - Screening, Tertiary - Treating.
• 🌱 Determinants of health are environmental or social factors that influence an individual's risk and health outcomes.
• 🏠 Environmental factors include access to healthy food, safe water, transportation, infrastructure, environmental hazards, and public safety.
• 👥 Social factors encompass socioeconomic status, race, culture, ethnicity, support systems, job opportunities, education, and access to medical care.
• 🚑 Medical care is both an environmental and social factor, affecting health outcomes through insurance and regional availability of healthcare facilities.
• 📉 Individuals with low socioeconomic status, minority or marginalized populations, and those who are socially isolated are at a higher risk for poor health outcomes.
• ❓ Tertiary prevention includes interventions aimed at slowing or stopping disease progression and complications after diagnosis.
• 🌐 A pap smear is considered a secondary prevention level as it is a screening for early detection of cervical cancer.
• 🔑 Low socioeconomic status, minority or marginalized populations, and social isolation are determinants of health that can increase the risk of poor health outcomes.

Q & A

What are the three levels of prevention in health?

The three levels of prevention are primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it begins, secondary prevention focuses on early detection of diseases through screenings, and tertiary prevention is about slowing or stopping the disease process after diagnosis.

What is the role of education in primary prevention?

In primary prevention, education plays a crucial role by informing individuals about diet, nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle modifications such as avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol intake to prevent diseases.

Why are immunizations important in primary prevention?

Immunizations are important in primary prevention because they help prevent diseases and illnesses by providing immunity before an individual is exposed to a disease.

Can you provide an example of a secondary prevention activity?

An example of a secondary prevention activity is a mammogram or colonoscopy, which are screenings aimed at early detection of diseases in populations with certain risk factors.

What is the focus of tertiary prevention?

Tertiary prevention focuses on slowing or stopping the disease process and its complications after a disease has already been diagnosed. This involves treating patients who have been diagnosed with a disease or illness to prevent the progress of that disease.

What are some examples of tertiary prevention activities?

Examples of tertiary prevention activities include rehabilitation like physical therapy or cardiac rehabilitation, and psychosocial support such as support groups for individuals diagnosed with a disease or illness.

What are determinants of health?

Determinants of health are environmental or social factors that significantly influence an individual's risk factors and health outcomes.

How do environmental factors impact health outcomes?

Environmental factors such as access to healthy food options, safe water, transportation, infrastructure, environmental hazards, and public safety can impact health outcomes by affecting an individual's risk factors.

What social factors are considered determinants of health?

Social factors that are determinants of health include socioeconomic status, race, culture, ethnicity, support systems, job opportunities, education access and completion, and access to medical care.

Why are individuals with low socioeconomic status at a higher risk for poor health outcomes?

Individuals with low socioeconomic status are at a higher risk for poor health outcomes because they may have limited access to quality healthcare, education, and resources that promote healthy living.

How can social isolation affect an individual's health?

Social isolation can lead to poor health outcomes as it may result in a lack of social support, which is crucial for emotional well-being and can influence physical health as well.