ANIMAIS VERTEBRADOS E ANIMAIS INVERTEBRADOS

Summary

The script discusses vertebrate and invertebrate animals. Vertebrates, characterized by a spinal column, are divided into mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish, each with distinct features like viviparity, feathers, scales, and gills. Invertebrates, lacking a spinal column, make up 95% of animal species and include groups like sponges, arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms, and worms. Arthropods have an exoskeleton, mollusks have soft bodies, echinoderms have a calcareous exoskeleton, and worms are cylindrical with tapered ends.

Takeaways

• 🦴 Vertebrates have a spinal column made of vertebrae, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
• 🐭 Mammals are characterized by giving birth to live young, nursing them, having hair, and lungs for breathing.
• 🐦 Birds are oviparous, have feathers, wings, beaks, and breathe with lungs.
• 🐊 Reptiles are oviparous, have scales made of bony plates or horny plates, like turtles and alligators.
• 🐸 Amphibians start their life in water, breathing through gills, and as adults can live both in water and on land, breathing through lungs and having moist skin.
• 🐟 Fish live in both freshwater and saltwater, have fins, breathe through gills, and are oviparous.
• 🐛 Invertebrates lack a spinal column and make up 95% of all animal species on Earth.
• 🧽 Sponges are simple aquatic invertebrates with a porous body structure, fixed to rocks.
• 🦂 Arthropods have an exoskeleton rich in chitin, protecting them and preventing growth; they breathe through tracheae or gills, including arachnids, crustaceans, and insects.
• 🐌 Mollusks have a soft body, some with a shell rich in calcium carbonate for protection, and generally live in the sea.
• 🌊 Echinoderms are marine animals with a calcareous exoskeleton, and a hydraulic system that forms tube feet for movement, like starfish.
• 🐛 Flatworms and nematodes are invertebrates known as worms; flatworms are flat and can be free-living or parasitic, while nematodes have a cylindrical, elongated body and are also found in various habitats, with parasites being more well-known.