Prostrate Cancer, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, DIagnosis and Treatment.
Summary
TLDRProstate cancer, a common cancer in men over 50, often begins slowly and may not require immediate treatment. It can be aggressive, spreading to bones and lymph nodes. Risk factors include age, race, obesity, and diet. Symptoms may be absent early on but can progress to trouble urinating, blood in semen, and bone pain. Diagnosis involves DRE, PSA tests, and biopsies. Treatment options range from active surveillance to surgery, radiation, and hormone therapy, depending on cancer progression.
Takeaways
- π¬ Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the prostate gland, a small gland in the male reproductive system.
- π¨ββοΈ It is most commonly diagnosed in men over the age of 50, with 99% of cases occurring in this age group.
- π± Most prostate cancers grow slowly and may not require immediate treatment, but some can be aggressive and spread quickly.
- π¨ The cancer can metastasize to other parts of the body, such as bones and lymph nodes, leading to serious complications.
- π€ The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but it involves changes in DNA that affect cell growth and death.
- 𧬠Abnormal cell growth occurs when genes controlling cell growth and death are altered, leading to the formation of tumors.
- π Risk factors for prostate cancer include age, race, obesity, family history, and certain dietary habits.
- π Symptoms of early-stage prostate cancer may be absent, but advanced stages can cause urinary issues and other symptoms.
- π©Ί Screening for prostate cancer involves a digital rectal exam (DRE) and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test.
- π₯ If abnormalities are found, further tests such as ultrasound and prostate biopsy may be conducted to confirm cancer.
- π Treatment options for prostate cancer range from active surveillance to surgery, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy.
Q & A
What is prostate cancer?
-Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system.
Where is the prostate gland located?
-The prostate gland is located in a man's lower abdomen, below the bladder, and wraps around the urethra.
What is the function of the prostate gland?
-The prostate gland secretes seminal fluid that nourishes and carries sperm, which is important for reproduction.
How common is prostate cancer among men?
-Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men.
At what age do most prostate cancer cases occur?
-About 99 percent of prostate cancer cases occur in men over the age of 50.
What is the typical growth pattern of prostate cancer?
-Most prostate cancer grows slowly and may need minimal treatment or even no treatment, but some types can be aggressive and spread fast.
Where can prostate cancer spread to in the body?
-Prostate cancer cells may spread to other areas of the body, such as the bones and lymph nodes.
What are the potential complications of prostate cancer?
-Prostate cancer can lead to serious complications like erectile dysfunction and discomfort in the pelvic area.
What causes prostate cancer?
-The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but it is caused by changes in the DNA that make up the genes in the cell.
What are some risk factors for developing prostate cancer?
-Risk factors for prostate cancer include age, race, obesity, family history, and diets high in red meats and fatty foods with low intake of fruits and vegetables.
What are the symptoms of advanced prostate cancer?
-Advanced prostate cancer may cause symptoms such as trouble urinating, blood in semen, bone pain, and a weak or interrupted urine stream.
What screening tests are used for prostate cancer?
-Screening tests for prostate cancer may include a digital rectal exam (DRE) and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.
How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
-If abnormalities are found in the DRE and PSA test, further testing such as ultrasound and prostate biopsy may be needed to diagnose prostate cancer.
What treatment options are available for prostate cancer?
-Treatment options for prostate cancer may include active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy.
What does active surveillance involve for low-risk prostate cancer?
-Active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer may include regular follow-up blood tests, rectal exams, and biopsies to monitor the progression of cancer.
Outlines
π₯ Prostate Cancer Overview
The paragraph discusses prostate cancer, a common cancer in men typically affecting those over 50. It explains the prostate's role in the male reproductive system, its location, and function in producing seminal fluid. The paragraph also covers the varying growth rates of prostate cancer, from slow to aggressive, and its potential to spread to bones and lymph nodes. The causes of prostate cancer are attributed to DNA changes in genes, leading to abnormal cell growth. Risk factors include age, race, obesity, family history, and diet. Early-stage prostate cancer often shows no symptoms, but advanced stages may present with trouble urinating, blood in semen, bone pain, erectile dysfunction, and pelvic discomfort. The paragraph concludes with a discussion on screening methods like digital rectal exams and PSA tests, and diagnostic procedures such as ultrasound and biopsy.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Prostate Cancer
π‘Prostate Gland
π‘Seminal Fluid
π‘DNA Changes
π‘Risk Factors
π‘Symptoms
π‘Screening
π‘Biopsy
π‘Treatment
π‘Active Surveillance
π‘Hormone Therapy
Highlights
Prostate cancer forms in the prostate gland, part of the male reproductive system.
The prostate gland is located below the bladder and wraps around the urethra.
It secretes seminal fluid that nourishes and carries sperm.
Prostate cancer is common, especially in men over the age of 50.
Most prostate cancer grows slowly and may not require immediate treatment.
Aggressive types of prostate cancer can spread quickly to other parts of the body.
Prostate cancer can lead to serious complications such as erectile dysfunction.
The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but it involves DNA changes.
Abnormal cell growth due to affected genes can result in a tumor.
Risk factors for prostate cancer include age, race, obesity, family history, and diet.
Early-stage prostate cancer may show no signs or symptoms.
Advanced prostate cancer may cause trouble urinating, blood in semen, and bone pain.
Screening tests for prostate cancer include digital rectal exam (DRE) and PSA test.
DRE checks for abnormalities in the prostate gland's texture, shape, or size.
PSA test analyzes blood for prostate-specific antigen levels.
Further testing like ultrasound and biopsy may be needed if DRE and PSA show abnormalities.
Treatment for low-risk cancer may involve active surveillance with regular tests and exams.
Progressing cancer may require surgery, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy.
Surgery options include radical prostatectomy.
Radiation therapy options include brachytherapy, chemotherapy, and external beam radiation.
Hormone therapy aims to stop the body from producing male hormones that cancer cells rely on.
Stay updated on health information by subscribing to the channel.
Transcripts
today's topic is prostate cancer
prostate cancer is cancer that forms in
the prostate
a gland in the male reproductive system
the prostate is a small gland found in a
man's lower abdomen
located below the bladder that wraps
around the urethra
and makes up part of the male
reproductive system
the prostate gland is a walnut-sized
gland in men that secretes the seminal
fluid
that nourishes and carries sperm the
fluid is important for reproduction
prostate cancer is one of the most
common cancer in men
and about 99 percent of cases occur in
men over the age of 50.
most prostate cancer grows slowly and
may need minimal treatment
or even no treatment however some types
are aggressive
and can spread fast the cancer cell may
spread to other areas of the body
like the bone and lymph nodes from the
prostate
prostate cancer can lead to serious
complications
such as erectile dysfunction
causes the exact cause is unknown
like all cancers prostate cancer is
caused by changes that occur in the dna
which makes up the genes in the cell the
gene is responsible for how the cell
works
like how quickly they grow divide into
new cells
and die when the genes that control the
growth or death of cells are affected
it results in abnormal cell growth
these cells do not die when they should
and cannot be controlled the way normal
cells can
as a result a lump or tumor is
eventually formed in the body
several risk factors for developing
prostate cancer
have been identified they include age
race african americans carry a greater
risk of cancer than men of other races
obesity a family history
diets high in red meats and fatty foods
and low
in fruits and vegetables
symptoms in its early stage prostate
cancer may show no
signs or symptoms an advanced prostate
cancer may cause signs and symptoms such
as
trouble urinating blood in semen
bone pain erectile dysfunction
discomfort in the pelvic area a weak
or interrupted urine stream screening
and diagnosis
the screening test may include digital
rectal exam
or dre where the doctor checks for
abnormalities in the texture
shape or size of the prostate gland if
the doctor finds abnormalities
further tests may be needed
prostate-specific antigen
or psa test where your blood sample is
collected and analyzed for psa
a protein that is naturally produced by
the prostate gland
if a little amount of psa is found this
is normal
if an increased or elevated level of psa
is found
in the bloodstream it may be indicative
of infection
inflammation or cancer in the prostate
diagnosis if the dre and psa test
shows an abnormality further testing may
be needed to determine the presence of
prostate cancer
ultrasound to evaluate your prostate
gland
prostate biopsy where a sample of the
cell from the prostate is collected for
analysis
the diagnosis of prostate cancer is
ultimately based on the biopsy
treatment if the diagnosis indicates
low-risk
cancer treatment may not be needed
immediately
but the doctor may recommend active
surveillance
this may include regular follow-up blood
tests rectal exams
and biopsy to keep track of the
progression of cancer
if you have cancer that is progressing
or advances
you may need surgery radiation therapy
or
hormone therapy surgery may include
radical prostatectomy radiation therapy
may include brachytherapy chemotherapy
and external beam radiation therapy
hormone therapy may include treatment to
stop your body from producing male
hormone
because cancer cells rely on them to
help them grow
thank you for watching our video please
do not forget to like and share the
video
also please subscribe to the channel to
stay updated on our latest videos
Browse More Related Video
LEUKEMIA, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment.
Colorectal carcinoma - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
Is PSA Density Still Relevant? #ProstateCancer | #MarkScholzMD #AlexScholz #PCRI
Cancer: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Signs/Symptoms and more - Medical Surgical | @LevelUpRN
Non-hodgkin lymphoma - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
Laryngeal Cancer: Silent Struggles and Hopeful Treatments
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)