HISTORY OF NURSING INFORMATICS (International setting)

Pauline Valeza

5 Apr 202103:37

Summary

TLDRThe history of nursing informatics is explored through seven distinct periods. Before the 1960s, computers were mainly used for basic business functions. By the 1970s, nurses began recognizing their value in healthcare. The 1980s saw the emergence of nursing informatics, emphasizing the need for standardized data systems. By the 1990s, computer technology became integral to healthcare, and nursing informatics was recognized as a specialty. The 2000s introduced digital and paperless systems, with the field expanding further. Key historical milestones include the establishment of standards, systems, and specialized conferences that have shaped nursing informatics today.

Takeaways

💻 **Early Adoption**: Prior to the 1960s, computers were used in healthcare for basic business functions like data processing with punch cards and teletypewriters.
📈 **Nurse as Information Hub**: In the 1960s, the nursing station was recognized as the hub of information exchange, with the introduction of CRTs and online data communication.
💼 **Hospital Information Systems**: The 1970s saw the development of hospital information systems primarily for billing and accounting, with the perception of computers as cost-saving technologies.
👩‍⚕️ **Professional Recognition**: Nurses began to see the value of computers in their profession during the 1970s, leading to the advancement of computer-based systems in public health.
🌐 **Emergence of Nursing Informatics**: The 1980s marked the emergence of nursing informatics as a field, with a focus on data standards and the need for computer-based patient record systems.
🔑 **Integration and Adoption**: By the 1990s, computer technology became integral to healthcare settings and nursing practice, with ANIA approving Nursing Informatics as a nursing specialty.
🌟 **Digital Transformation**: The new millennium saw hospitals becoming paperless and employing new nurses trained in digital charting, reflecting a significant shift in nursing practice.
📚 **Education and Research**: Graduate programs in nursing informatics were introduced, and the first international nursing informatics teleconference was held, indicating a growing academic focus.
🏥 **Clinical Information Systems**: CHAHO identified clinical information systems as a way to improve patient safety and recommended their adoption in hospitals.
📋 **Regulatory Advancements**: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was enacted, leading to the establishment of the National Health Information Coordinator.

Q & A

What were the major changes in nursing prior to the 1960s?
-Before the 1960s, the nursing profession and healthcare facilities began to use computers for basic business functions such as punch cards, card readers, teletypewriters, and sorting and preparing data for processing.
How was the role of the computer questioned in the 1960s?
-In the 1960s, the use of computers was being questioned, and the nurses' station was viewed as the hub of information exchange. Introductions of CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and online data communication and real-time processing were made.
What were the primary purposes of hospital information systems in the 1960s?
-Hospital information systems developed in the 1960s were primarily for billing and accounting systems.
How did the perception of computers change in the 1970s for nurses?
-In the 1970s, nurses began to see the value of computers in the profession. Computers were perceived as cost-saving technologies.
What was the significance of the 1980s in the history of nursing informatics?
-The 1980s marked the emergence of nursing informatics, with a need for data standards, vocabularies, and classification schemes for computer-based patient record systems.
What was the Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) and its significance?
-The CPRS was an HR-identified system that emerged with nursing subsystems, indicating that computer technology became an integral part of health care settings and nursing practice.
When was nursing informatics approved as a new nursing specialty?
-Nursing informatics was approved as a new nursing specialty in 1990 by the American Nurses Association (ANA).
What was the impact of the internet on healthcare systems in the late 1990s?
-In the late 1990s, the internet was widely used to integrate health systems, and hospitals began developing systems for linking care across healthcare facilities.
How did hospitals evolve technologically in the 2000s?
-In the 2000s, hospitals became paperless, employing new nurses who had never charted on paper, and digitalized newer technologies emerged.
What is the significance of the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)?
-The NMDS is significant as it brings fruition to the vision and implementation of minimum nursing data into clinical practice.
What are some milestones in the history of nursing informatics mentioned in the script?
-Some milestones include the founding of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, development of one of the first hospital information systems in California, the first conference on management information systems, the first national conference on computer technology in Chicago, and the publication of the first nursing computer journal.

Outlines

00:00

💻 Evolution of Nursing Informatics

This paragraph outlines the history of nursing informatics through seven distinct time periods. It starts before the 1960s, highlighting the early use of computers in healthcare for basic business functions like punch cards and teletypewriters. The 1960s saw the questioning of computer use, with the nurse's station as an information hub. The 1970s marked the recognition of computers as cost-saving technologies, and the 1980s saw the emergence of nursing informatics with the need for data standards and patient record systems. The 1990s brought the integration of computer technology into healthcare settings, and nursing informatics was recognized as a new nursing specialty. The 2000s introduced digitalized technology and the move towards paperless hospitals. The paragraph concludes with historical milestones such as the establishment of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society and the enactment of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Nursing Informatics

Nursing Informatics is the integration of nursing science with the management of information, communication technology, patient care, and the improvement of nursing practice. In the video, it is highlighted as a specialty that emerged in the 1980s, indicating the growing importance of technology in nursing practice and healthcare.

💡Computer Industry

The computer industry refers to the business sector that develops, manufactures, and sells computer hardware and software. In the context of the video, the growth of the computer industry is mentioned as a precursor to the adoption of computers in healthcare facilities, which facilitated the evolution of nursing informatics.

💡Healthcare Facilities

Healthcare facilities are institutions that provide medical care and treatment to patients. The video discusses how these facilities began using computers for basic business functions, which was a significant step towards the development of nursing informatics.

💡Punch Cards

Punch cards were an early form of data storage used by early computers. The script mentions punch cards as a method used by healthcare facilities to prepare data for processing, illustrating the rudimentary stages of computer use in healthcare.

💡Teletypewriters

Teletypewriters, or teletypes, were early electromechanical machines that could type and transmit text over telecommunication lines. The video references teletypewriters as part of the early computer technology used in healthcare settings.

💡CRT

CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube, which was the display technology used in older computer monitors. The script mentions CRTs as part of the technology introduced in the 1970s, which allowed for online data communication and real-time processing in healthcare.

💡Hospital Information Systems (HIS)

HIS refers to the electronic health record systems used by healthcare providers for storing, managing, and exchanging patient data. The video discusses how HIS were initially developed for billing and accounting, but eventually became integral to nursing practice.

💡Data Standards

Data standards are the rules and conventions that ensure data is consistent and can be effectively shared and understood. The video emphasizes the need for data standards in the 1980s as nursing informatics emerged, which was crucial for the development of computer-based patient record systems.

💡Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR)

A CPR is an electronic version of a patient's paper chart, containing personal information, medical history, and the record of hospital stays. The video describes CPR as a significant development in nursing informatics, which required a classification scheme for effective data management.

💡Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)

NMDS is a standardized set of data elements collected for nursing care. The video highlights the historical analysis of the impact of nursing minimum data, which was instrumental in implementing minimum nursing data sets into clinical practice.

💡Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

HIPAA is a United States law that provides data privacy and security provisions for safeguarding medical information. The video mentions HIPAA as a significant event that influenced the adoption of technology in healthcare, emphasizing the importance of data security and privacy in nursing informatics.

💡National Health Information Coordinator

The National Health Information Coordinator is a role established to oversee the development and implementation of a nationwide health information technology infrastructure. The video notes the establishment of this role as part of the advancement of nursing informatics and the integration of technology in healthcare.

Highlights

The history of nursing informatics is divided into seven time periods.

Prior to the 1960s, the computer industry grew significantly, impacting nursing.

Healthcare facilities began using computers for basic business functions.

Punch cards, card readers, teletypewriters were used to prepare data for processing.

The nursing station was viewed as the hub of information exchange.

Introduction of CRT and online data communication led to real-time processing.

Hospital information systems were developed primarily for billing and accounting.

In the 1970s, nurses began to see the value of computers in the profession.

Computers were perceived as cost-saving technologies.

Public health developed further with computer-based systems.

Nursing informatics emerged in the 1980s with a need for data standards and vocabularies.

Computer-based patient record systems (CPRS) were identified as essential.

In the 1990s, nursing informatics was approved as a new nursing specialty.

The demand for nursing informatics expertise increased greatly.

Hospitals developed systems for linking care across healthcare facilities.

The internet was widely used to integrate health systems.

Hospitals began employing new nurses who had never charted on paper.

Historical analysis showed the impact of nursing minimum data sets (NMDS).

Significant events in nursing and computers include the founding of HIMSS.

Development of one of the first hospital information systems in California.

First conference on management information systems.

First national conference on computer technology in Chicago.

First nursing computer journal was published.

Graduate program in nursing informatics introduced at Maryland University.

ANA established nursing informatics as a distinct specialty with a body of knowledge.

Establishment of an electronic library.

First international nursing informatics teleconference held in Australia.

Chaho identified clinical information systems as a way to improve safety.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act was enacted.

Establishment of a national health information coordinator.