Nanofibers #nanotechnology #nanomaterials #nanotech
Summary
TLDRThis video tutorial introduces nanofibers, a novel class of nanomaterials with unique properties such as high surface area to volume ratio, porosity, and mechanical strength. It delves into the electrospinning technique for fabricating nanofibers from various materials like polymers and ceramics. The video also discusses the influence of process parameters on fiber morphology and highlights the significant applications of nanofibers in biomedical fields, including wound dressing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, emphasizing their potential in promoting healing and tissue regeneration.
Takeaways
- π Nanofibers are a new class of nanomaterials with unique properties such as high surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, small pore size, low density, and excellent mechanical properties.
- π The special properties of nanofibers make them suitable for various applications including purification, energy, textile, and biomedical fields like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery.
- π‘ Electrospinning is a common technique used for nanofiber fabrication, producing ultra-thin fibers from a variety of materials such as polymers, nano composites, and ceramics.
- π The electrospinning setup consists of a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump with a metal needle, and a conductive collector.
- π The process of electrospinning involves the formation of a Taylor cone and the emission of a charged jet, which leads to the formation of nanofibers as the solvent evaporates.
- βοΈ Key process parameters in electrospinning include voltage, flow rate, type of collector, distance between the tip and collector, and the nature of the polymer solution, all of which affect the morphology of the resulting nanofibers.
- π©Ή In wound healing applications, nanofibers can be used to create mats for wound dressings that promote cell attachment, gas exchange, nutrient supply, and control of fluid loss, maintaining a moist environment at the wound site.
- π Nanofibers are ideal for drug delivery systems due to their high loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and the ability to deliver various therapeutics simultaneously, with ease of operation and cost-effectiveness.
- 𧬠In tissue engineering, nanofibers can serve as scaffolds for tissue regeneration, providing structural support and acting as a reservoir for bioactive molecules like growth factors.
- π There are different strategies for making drug-loaded nanofibers, including dissolving the drug in the polymer solution, mixing the drug with the nanocarrier, or applying post-treatment to attach drugs to the fibers.
- π The video tutorial encourages viewers to share the information with friends and contacts, highlighting the importance of spreading knowledge about nanofibers and their applications.
Q & A
What are nano fibers and why are they considered a new class of nano material?
-Nano fibers are a class of nano materials known for their unique properties, mainly due to their extremely high surface to volume ratio compared to conventional fibers. This attribute provides them with a large surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, small pore size, low density, and excellent mechanical properties.
What are the special properties of nano fibers?
-The special properties of nano fibers include a large surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, small pore size, low density, and excellent mechanical properties. These characteristics make nano fibers suitable for a variety of applications.
What are the different applications of nano fibers?
-Nano fibers can be used in various applications such as purification, energy applications, textiles, and especially in biomedical fields like tissue engineering, wound healing and dressing, and biosensors for medical implants.
How can nano fibers be fabricated?
-Nano fibers can be fabricated using different methods, with some of the most common techniques being electrospinning, melt processing, solution polymerization, and phase inversion method.
What is electrospinning and how does it work?
-Electrospinning is a widely used technique for nano fiber fabrication. It involves the use of a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump with a metal needle, and a conductive collector. The process starts with the formation of a Taylor cone when voltage is applied to the polymer solution. The electrical repulsion forces cause the polymer solution to form a conical shape. As the voltage increases, the surface tension is overcome, and a charged jet emerges from the Taylor cone, migrating to the collector. The solvent in the solution evaporates during migration, and the fibers are deposited onto the collector.
What are the key parameters that control the morphology of nano fibers in electrospinning?
-The key parameters that control the morphology of nano fibers in electrospinning include voltage, flow rate, type of collector, distance between the tip and the collector, and the nature of the polymer solution, particularly its viscosity.
How does the voltage in electrospinning affect the formation of nano fibers?
-The voltage in electrospinning is a crucial parameter. If the voltage is increased too much, it can cause jet instability, resulting in the formation of beaded nano fibers. A typical voltage range for electrospinning is between 5 to 50 kV.
What is the role of the polymer solution's viscosity in electrospinning?
-The viscosity of the polymer solution plays a significant role in determining the morphology of the nano fibers. Low viscosity can lead to beaded structures, while increased viscosity can result in smooth, bead-free nano fibers. However, if the viscosity is too high, it may cause clogging of the solution on the nozzle tip, preventing fiber formation.
How can nano fibers be used in wound healing and dressing applications?
-Nano fibers can be made into mats that serve as platforms for wound dressing. These mats can incorporate antibacterial agents to prevent infection and accelerate the healing process. The high surface to volume ratio promotes cell attachment, while the microscale interconnected pores allow for gas exchange, nutrient supply, and controlled fluid loss, maintaining a moist environment at the wound site.
What are the features of an ideal drug delivery system that nano fibers can provide?
-An ideal drug delivery system should have high loading capacity, high encapsulation efficiency, the ability to deliver various therapeutics simultaneously, ease of operation, and cost-effectiveness. Nano fibers match these features due to their unique properties, such as high surface area and controlled release capabilities.
How can nano fibers be utilized in tissue engineering?
-In tissue engineering, nano fibers can be used to create biomimetic scaffolds that provide structural support and act as a reservoir for bioactive molecules like growth factors. These scaffolds facilitate the isolation and expansion of healthy cells, which are then seeded onto the biodegradable scaffold, promoting tissue regeneration.
Outlines
𧬠Introduction to Nanofibers and Their Properties
This paragraph introduces nanofibers as a new class of nanomaterials with unique properties due to their extremely high surface to volume ratio. It highlights the special characteristics of nanofibers such as large surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, small pore size, low density, and excellent mechanical properties. The paragraph also outlines the various applications of nanofibers, including purification, energy, textile, and biomedical fields like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery, emphasizing their versatility.
π§ͺ Electrospinning Technique for Nanofiber Fabrication
The second paragraph delves into the electrospinning technique, a commonly used method for fabricating nanofibers. It explains the setup, which includes a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump with a metal needle, and a conductive collector. The process involves applying voltage to a polymer solution, leading to the formation of a Taylor cone and a charged jet that migrates to the collector. The solvent evaporates during migration, resulting in fiber deposition. The paragraph further discusses various parameters that influence the morphology of the nanofibers, such as voltage, flow rate, collector type, spinning distance, and the nature of the polymer solution, including its viscosity.
π©Ί Biomedical Applications of Nanofibers
The final paragraph focuses on the biomedical applications of nanofibers, particularly in tissue engineering and drug delivery. It describes how nanofibers can be used as scaffolds for tissue regeneration, promoting cell attachment and providing a suitable environment for tissue growth. The paragraph also covers the use of nanofibers in wound dressing, where they can be incorporated with antibacterial agents to prevent infection and accelerate healing. Moreover, it discusses the potential of nanofibers in drug delivery systems, highlighting their features such as high loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and the ability to deliver various therapeutics simultaneously. The paragraph concludes with a brief mention of the tissue engineering process, which involves isolating healthy cells, expanding them in vitro, and seeding them onto biodegradable scaffolds for tissue regeneration.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘nano fibers
π‘surface to volume ratio
π‘electro spinning
π‘tissue engineering
π‘wound healing
π‘drug delivery
π‘scaffold
π‘polymer solution
π‘Taylor cone
π‘mechanical properties
π‘porosity
Highlights
Nano fibers are a new class of nano material with special properties mainly due to their extremely high surface to volume ratio.
The special properties of nano fibers include large surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, small pore size, low density, and excellent mechanical properties.
Nano fibers can be fabricated by various methods such as electrospinning, melt processing, solution polymerization, and phase inversion method.
Electrospinning is a widely used technique for nano fiber fabrication that produces ultra-thin fibers from a variety of materials including polymers, nano composites, and ceramics.
The electrospinning setup consists of a high voltage power supply, a syringe pump with a metal needle, and a conductive collector.
In electrospinning, when voltage is applied to the polymer solution, a Taylor cone forms due to electrical repulsion forces, leading to the formation of a charged jet.
As the voltage increases, the surface tension of the polymer solution is overcome, resulting in the charged jet migrating to the collector and fiber deposition.
Process parameters such as voltage, flow rate, and the nature of the polymer solution play crucial roles in controlling the morphology of the nano fibers.
The distance between the tip and the collector is an important parameter that affects the fiber stretching and solvent evaporation, thus influencing the uniformity of the nano fibers.
Nano fibers have a wide range of applications including purification, energy applications, textiles, and especially in biomedical fields like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery.
In wound healing applications, nano fibers can be used to create mats for wound dressing that promote cell attachment, gas exchange, nutrient supply, and control of fluid loss.
For drug delivery applications, nano fibers offer high loading capacity, high encapsulation efficiency, and the ability to deliver various therapeutics simultaneously.
Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers like polycaprolactone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and PMMA can be used to create nano fibers for drug delivery systems.
Tissue engineering scaffolds made from nano fibers provide structural support and act as a reservoir for bioactive molecules, facilitating tissue regeneration.
The high surface to volume ratio of nano fibers promotes cell attachment and maintains a moist environment at the wound site, enhancing healing processes.
Electrospinning techniques can be modified to incorporate drugs or bioactive molecules directly into the nano fibers for effective delivery systems.
Nano fibers have the potential to revolutionize various industries by offering unique properties and versatile applications.
Transcripts
hello friends welcome back to another
video tutorial today I am going to share
some of the basic information about nano
fibers these fibers are new class of
nano material which has special
properties that mainly due to the
extremely high surface to volume ratio
compared to conventional fibers so what
are the special properties large surface
area to volume ratio high porosity small
pore size low density and excellent
mechanical properties so because of this
unique property make nano fibers as a
suitable material for different
applications like a purification energy
application textile biomedical
applications like tissue engineering
skyfall own wound healing and wound
dressing application like different
applications are there so this nano
fibers we can fabricated by different
methods such as some of the commonly
used fabrication techniques are electro
spinning melt processing in the facial
polymerization and face inversion method
so here I'm going to discuss more about
electro spinning so so electro spinning
is one of the commonly used technique
for nano fiber fabrication so from that
we can get ultra thin fibers from
variety of material so which include
polymers nano composites ceramics okay
etc so this electro spinning setup which
consists of three main components like
high voltage power supply a syringe pump
with a metal needle and a conductive
character okay so in electro spinning
process which is classified into several
mechanism several techniques like a
vibration electro spinning magnetometer
spinning siren across spinning and Babb
spinning okay so in in an idle
electrospinning technique when we
applied voltage to the polymer solution
then the polymer get charged as the
result this Taylor cone will form that
is the electrical repulsion forces which
acting on the polymer solution which
causes the drop droplet of sample to
deform into conical shape okay so when
the voltage is increased
there's this surface tension of the
polymer solution which overcome and the
charger jet which emerged from Taylor
corn migrated was the collector okay
so during the migration from needle tip
to collector the solvent which is
present and the solution is get
evaporate and the fibers which are
deposited over the ground collector okay
so this is the basic working of the
electro spinning so in electro spinning
there are different parameter other that
is process parameters so this process
parameter which control the morphology
of the Nano fibers
the first one is voltage so then that
voltage this is one of the important
parameters because if we increase the
voltage further and the voltage will
this will cause high jet instability as
result the formation of bead and nano
fiber okay so in a typical arrow
spinning process the voltage should be
in the ranges from 5 to 50 kV okay next
is the flow rate so this flow rate also
important factor which controlled the
morphology so if we need an octave
uniform nano fiber we need to optimize
the flow rate okay so if hi if we
increase the
flow rate as the result and this beat
formation will occur in the Nano fiber
surface okay next is the character so
the character in electro spinning there
are different variety of characters are
used commonly used characters at
stationery our rotating one so which
which will also affect the final design
of the Electra span fiber okay next is
the distance between the tip and the
collector so normally this is one of the
important parameter because when the
spinning distance decreases to a
critical length and that is a formation
of beaded and nano fiber that is due to
the insufficient fiber stretching and
solvent evaporation if we increase the
spinning distance which will provide a
large space for jet stretching and
longer time for solvent evaporation so
as the result we will get a uniform nano
fibers okay next is the nature of
polymer solution so in that polymer
solution the nature of polymer solution
also umber important so the viscosity
which plays a crucial role polymer
viscosity okay which play an important
role the morphology of the nano fiber so
if we're the low viscosity which
generate builder structure but if we
increase the viscosity which leads the
formation of smooth bead beautifully
nano fiber but if we increase further
the viscosity if English father then
there is a chance to clog the polymer
solution on the nozzle tip okay then
there is no fiber formation so these are
the important parameters in the spinning
process okay next is fire so in this
application but and there are because of
the unique properties of nano fibers we
can use this nano fiber in different
applications especially in biomedical
application we can
this nano fibers and scaffold for tissue
engineering and we can make a mat for
wound dressing and biosensor medical
implant application that will very
different applications are there so here
I'm going to discuss in detail about
some of the application okay first one
dressing and wound healing so in that
normally this these nano fibers we can
make as a mat
and this mat we can use as a Performa
Tyrael for wound dressing application
and if we can enable able to incorporate
some antibacterial agent in the husband
material
and we can also prevent the infection of
the wall and which will accelerate the
healing processes okay so this is one of
the important application so because of
the high surface to volume ratio which
promote the cells cells attachment on
the surface and the microscale
interconnected pores which is present in
the nano fiber which are compatible with
gas exchange nutrient supply and control
of fluid loss okay so this these
properties which is which maintain the
moisture environment and the wound site
so that will prevent the wound
dehydration and enhance the angiogenesis
and collagen synthesis so this this will
also reduce the scale formation also
okay so this is one of the important
applications of nano 5 book necklace
delivery application so this nano fiber
have unique properties that we already
told so because of that and we can use
this as a material in the delivery
application okay and i ideal delivery
system which have several features like
hi loading capacity hi encapsulation
efficiency simultaneous delivery of
various therapeutics ease of operation
and cost-effectiveness ok this none of
fibers which matches all of these
features so that we can use this
nanofibers material as a material okay
so here normally and there are different
polymer we can use for this nano fiber
making okay so like polycaprolactone
polyvinyl pyrrolidone PMMA like that
should be in biodegradable and
biocompatible in nature okay so this
polymers is mixing with the drag
molecules and will get a homogeneous
suspension or solution and this solution
then electro spun using electro spinning
technique and we can produce nano fibers
okay so there are different strategy we
can follow for making this that loaded
nano fibers like electro spinning plus
that dissolved so first we can we can
dissolve in the polymer solution and
then spin it okay so that as the result
this molecule which is embedded into the
Nano fibers the second approach is
dragged loaded nano carry oh so the drug
lord and nano carrier we can mix mix
with the polymer and the drug molecule
and that attaches outside the fibers
next is electro spinning plus a drug
post treatment so drag so these drug
molecules or bio molecules which are
attached outside the fibers okay next is
and Kaushal electro spinning so through
that we can make molecule which are
inside a bulk into nano fiber okay so
this is the commonly used strategy to
make the nano fiber in drug delivery
applications okay is tissue engineering
so in that
tissue engineering data is one of the
interdisciplinary area so because which
applies the principle of biological
chemical engineering and science to
general to generate tissue degeneration
okay so in this tissue engineering
approach there are which involve two
main important strategy that is
isolation of healthy cells from a
patient and followed by the expansion in
vitro okay so these expanded cells which
are then shielded onto it scaffold
biodegradable scaffold so that will
provide the structural support and that
also can act as a reservoir for by
active molecules such as growth factors
so this scaffold after some times they
actually get replaced by new ground
tissues from the seated cell okay so in
this biomimic mimetic scaffold we can
made with this nano fibers so which will
so there are different scaffold are made
for different tissue regeneration so
this is also one of the important
applications of nano fiber okay that's
it thank you for watching this video if
you liked this tutorial please share
with your friends and contacts thank you
you
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