Provider Links - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 1.2

Summary

The script discusses various internet connectivity options, highlighting satellite networking with its high costs and bandwidths, mentioning Starlink's impact on speed and latency. It contrasts satellite with traditional copper-based Ethernet and DSL connections, noting their limitations in bandwidth and distance. Fiber optics are presented as a high-speed, long-distance solution, albeit more expensive. The script also introduces Metro Ethernet for high-speed local area connections and the DOCSIS standard for cable modems, emphasizing the evolution and diversity of internet connectivity technologies.

Takeaways

• 📡 Satellite networking provides internet connectivity by communicating with satellites in space.
• 💸 Satellite internet is relatively expensive due to the specialized equipment required.
• 🚀 Starlink is improving satellite internet speeds and reducing latency.
• 🏔 Satellite internet can be ideal for remote locations without other connectivity options.
• 🕒 High latency is a common issue with satellite internet, historically up to 500 milliseconds.
• 🌧️ Satellite connectivity can be affected by weather conditions like rainstorms.
• 🛠️ Copper is commonly used for Ethernet networks due to its lower cost.
• 🌐 Wide area networks often use a combination of copper and fiber optics.
• 📡 DSL uses existing telephone lines for internet connectivity and is limited by distance.
• 📺 Cable modems, or cable broadband, transmit signals across multiple frequencies.
• 🌌 Fiber optic connectivity offers the highest speeds but at a higher cost and complexity.

Q & A

What is satellite networking and how does it work?

Satellite networking is a method of connecting to the internet by communicating with satellites in space. It involves sending data up to a satellite and then back down to Earth to provide internet connectivity.

What are the typical costs associated with satellite networking?

Satellite networking is relatively high cost due to the equipment required to establish the connection.

What kind of bandwidths can be expected with satellite networking?

Typical bandwidths include 50 megabit download speeds and 3 megabit upload speeds, although newer technologies like Starlink are promising higher speeds.

How does Starlink impact satellite networking technology?

Starlink is rolling out and increasing the speeds of satellite networking, making it potentially more common in the future.

What is the issue with latency in satellite networking?

Satellite networking tends to have high latency due to the distance the signal travels to and from the satellite, historically up to 250 milliseconds each way.

How does Starlink aim to improve latency issues?

Starlink promises to lower latencies to 20 to 40 milliseconds with its newer technologies.

What are the challenges faced by satellite networking during certain weather conditions?

Satellite networking can face problems during rainstorms, as high frequencies used can be absorbed by rain, potentially leading to loss of connectivity.

What is the role of copper in Ethernet networks?

Copper is used in Ethernet networks to connect devices together. It is relatively inexpensive but has limited bandwidth compared to other technologies.

What is the difference between copper and fiber optics in terms of internet connectivity?

Copper is cheaper but has lower bandwidth, while fiber optics provides higher speeds at a higher cost and requires specialized equipment for maintenance.

What is DSL and how does it work?

DSL, or Digital Subscriber Line, uses existing telephone lines to provide internet connectivity. It is often asymmetric, meaning download and upload speeds differ.

What is the typical speed range for DSL connections?

DSL connections typically offer downstream speeds of about 200 megabits per second and upstream speeds of about 20 megabits per second, though this can vary.

What is cable modem connectivity and how does it differ from DSL?

Cable modem connectivity uses coaxial cable and is often referred to as broadband due to the use of multiple frequencies. It can offer speeds ranging from 50 megabits per second to 1 gigabit per second depending on the DOCSIS version.

What is fiber optic connectivity and why is it used for high-speed networks?

Fiber optic connectivity uses light to transmit data and offers some of the highest speed networks. It's used for wide area networks due to its ability to send large amounts of data over long distances.

What is Metro Ethernet and how does it benefit businesses?

Metro Ethernet, or Metro-E, is a high-speed network connectivity used to connect multiple business locations within a city. It provides Ethernet connections at both ends, simplifying the connection process for businesses.