Kenapa Sampah Plastik Berbahaya?
Summary
TLDRPlastic, invented in 1862, has become ubiquitous in daily life due to its affordability and versatility. Despite its benefits, it poses significant health risks, such as cancer and birth defects, from chemical exposure. Plastic's persistence in the environment, taking hundreds to thousands of years to decompose, leads to pollution and ecological harm. Only 10-15% of plastic waste in Indonesia is recycled, with the majority ending up in landfills or oceans. The video script emphasizes the urgent need for better plastic waste management to mitigate its widespread environmental and health impacts.
Takeaways
- π Plastic is ubiquitous in everyday life, used in packaging, bottles, shopping bags, toys, household items, electronics, and vehicles.
- πΈ Plastic is favored for its affordability, light weight, durability, and ease of molding.
- π¨ Despite its benefits, plastic has many harmful side effects and can spread these hazards wherever it is found.
- 𧬠The presence of harmful chemicals in plastic can lead to serious health issues such as cancer and birth defects.
- πΊ Plastic was first created in 1862 by Alexander Parkes, and its development has been ongoing since then.
- π¬ In 1907, Leo Hendrik Baekeland invented the first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, derived from petroleum.
- π The term 'plastic' comes from the Greek word 'Plastikos', meaning moldable and easily shaped.
- π Plastic's rapid growth is attributed to its numerous advantages, such as being lightweight, durable, water-resistant, cost-effective, and practical.
- ποΈ In 1959, Sten Gustav Thulin invented plastic bags as an environmentally friendly alternative to paper bags, aiming to save trees.
- ποΈ The improper disposal of plastic waste leads to accumulation and spread, causing significant environmental issues.
- π± Only a small percentage of plastic waste in Indonesia is recycled, with the majority ending up in landfills or the environment, including the ocean.
Q & A
Why is plastic waste harmful?
-Plastic waste is harmful because it is a non-biodegradable material that can persist in the environment for hundreds or even thousands of years, causing various environmental issues and posing a threat to wildlife and human health.
What are some everyday items made from plastic?
-Plastic is commonly used to make food packaging, beverage bottles, shopping bags, toys, household appliances, electronics, and even vehicles.
What are the advantages of plastic that make it so widely used?
-Plastic is lightweight, durable, cost-effective, water-resistant, and easy to mold, which makes it suitable for a wide range of applications.
Who invented plastic and when was it first created?
-Plastic was first invented by Alexander Parkes in 1862, initially as a material called parkesine, which was derived from cellulose.
What was the first synthetic plastic made and by whom?
-The first synthetic plastic, named Bakelite, was made by the American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland in 1907 from petroleum.
What does the word 'plastic' mean and where does it originate from?
-The word 'plastic' comes from the Greek word 'Plastikos', which means 'moldable' or 'pliable'.
What is added to plastic pellets to enhance their properties?
-Various additives or fillers are mixed with plastic pellets to improve their properties for specific uses.
Who created the plastic bag and what was the original intention?
-Swedish scientist Sten Gustav Thulin created the plastic bag in 1959 with the intention of being more environmentally friendly than paper bags, which required the cutting down of trees.
Why has the use of plastic increased over time?
-The use of plastic has increased due to the advancement of industries and the growing human population, coupled with the convenience and low cost of plastic products.
What percentage of plastic waste is recycled in Indonesia?
-Only around 10-15% of plastic waste in Indonesia is recycled.
What happens to the majority of plastic waste that is not recycled?
-60-70% of plastic waste ends up in landfills, and the rest is discarded into the environment, with approximately 50% of ocean trash being plastic.
How long does it take for plastic to decompose in the environment?
-Plastic can take from tens to thousands of years to decompose naturally in the environment.
What are some potential uses for recycled plastic waste?
-Recycled plastic can be melted down to create new plastic products, used as a component in asphalt mixtures, or processed into fuel.
Outlines
π― The Dangers of Plastic Waste
Plastic is ubiquitous in our daily lives, used in packaging, bottles, shopping bags, toys, household items, electronics, and vehicles. Despite its affordability, lightness, durability, and ease of molding, plastic poses significant health risks. It can lead to serious diseases such as cancer and birth defects due to the chemicals it contains. The script delves into the history of plastic, invented in 1862 by Alexander Parkes as 'parkesine', and its evolution with the creation of synthetic plastics like 'bakelite' in 1907. Despite efforts to make plastic more environmentally friendly, such as the introduction of plastic bags to replace paper ones in 1959, the improper disposal and lack of recycling have led to a buildup of plastic waste. This waste is harmful as it takes hundreds to thousands of years to degrade naturally, causing environmental issues and posing threats to marine life and ecosystems.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Plastic
π‘Hazardous
π‘Degradable
π‘Additives
π‘Single-use
π‘Recycling
π‘Landfill
π‘Persistence
π‘Pollution
π‘Leaching
π‘Environmental Awareness
Highlights
Plastic is ubiquitous in everyday life, used in packaging, bottles, shopping bags, toys, household items, electronics, and vehicles.
Plastic is favored for its affordability, lightness, durability, and ease of molding.
Despite its benefits, plastic has many harmful side effects and is pervasive in the environment.
Hazardous chemicals from plastic can accumulate in the human body, potentially causing serious diseases like cancer and birth defects.
Plastic was first invented in 1862 by Alexander Parkes, who created a material called parkesine.
Parkesine was expensive and not widely adopted, leading scientists to develop more affordable plastics.
Leo Hendrik Baekeland created the first synthetic plastic, Bakelite, from petroleum in 1907.
The word 'plastic' comes from the Greek 'Plastikos', meaning moldable and easily shaped.
Plastics are mixed with additives to enhance their utility.
Plastic's advantages like being lightweight, durable, stain-resistant, water-resistant, cheap, and practical led to its rapid adoption.
In 1959, Sten Gustav Thulin invented plastic bags as an environmentally friendly alternative to paper bags.
Plastic bags were seen as more energy-efficient and less harmful to forests than paper bags.
The use of plastic has increased with industrial advancements and population growth, but this has not been matched with proper waste management.
Single-use plastics like plastic bags, bottles, packaging, and straws are often discarded after one use, leading to accumulation.
Some types of plastic waste can be recycled or repurposed if managed properly.
In Indonesia, only about 10-15% of plastic waste is recycled, with 60-70% ending up in landfills and the rest polluting the environment.
Approximately 50% of marine debris is plastic, highlighting the severity of plastic pollution.
Plastic is a non-biodegradable material that can persist in the environment for thousands of years.
The widespread distribution of plastic waste causes numerous environmental and health issues.
For more information on plastic waste management and environmental conservation, visit kejarcita.id.
Transcripts
Kenapa sempah plastik berbahaya?
Siapa yang tidak kenal plastik?
Hampir semua barang yang dijumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari terbuat dari plastik
seperti kemasan makanan, botol minuman, kantong belanja, mainan, peralatan rumah tangga, elektronik, sampai kendaraan.
Lengkap ya!
Bahan plastik memang bahan yang cocok dibuat bermacam barang karena ekonomis alias murah, ringan, tahan lama, dan mudah dibentuk.
Tapi ternyata dibalik manfaatnya plastik itu membawa banyak efek samping yang berbahaya loh
dan lagi karena plastik ada dimana-mana bahaya ini bawanya juga menyebar dimana-mana.
Bayangkan bahan kimia berbahaya plastik sudah ada di dalam tubuh kita sendiri,
lalu kalau sudah begitu apakah berbahaya bagi kesehatan?
Ya jelas dong! Banyak sekali penyakit berbahaya seperti kanker dan cacat janin dan dapat diderita jika kita terus-menerus terpapar racun plastik.
Wah pokoknya menyeramkan sekali bahaya sampah pasti ini.
Makanya kita harus tahu ya, Apa itu plastik? Kenapa bisa berbahaya? Dan apa saja dampaknya jika tidak dikelola dengan baik?
Plastik dibuat pertama kalinya pada tahun 1862 oleh Alexander Parkes.
Waktu itu bahannya alami yaitu berupa selulosa dan diberi nama parkesine
sesuai nama penciptanya.
Tapi parkesine kurang diminati Karena harganya yang mahal.
Para ilmuwan Akhirnya terus berusaha untuk mengembangkan bahan plastik,
sampai pada tahun 1907 seorang ahli kimia Amerika, Leo Hendrik baekeland
berhasil membuat plastik sintetis pertama dari minyak bumi yang dinamai dengan bakelite.
Dari sini berbagai jenis plastik sintetik lainnya ditemukan dan dibuat untuk berbagai keperluan.
Kata plastik sendiri berasal dari bahasa Yunani "Plastikos" yang berarti lentur dan mudah dibentuk.
Untuk digunakan, biji plastik dicampur dengan berbagai bahan aditif atau bahan tambahan untuk meningkatkan manfaatnya.
Plastik Akhirnya terus berkembang pesat karena memiliki banyak keunggulan:
Ringan, tahan lama, anti karat, tahan air, murah dan praktis.
Maka, dalam waktu singkat plastik menjadi idola baru menggantikan logam dan kayu untuk berbagai kebutuhan.
Pada tahun 1959, Ilmuwan asal swedia sten Gustav Thulin membuat kantong plastik untuk menggantikan kantong kertas.
Tujuannya agar lebih ramah lingkungan karena pembuatan kantong kertas harus mengorbankan batang pohon.
Selain itu pembuatan kantong plastik juga memerlukan energi yang lebih rendah.
Semakin lama Penggunaan plastik semakin meningkat karena industri semakin maju dan jumlah manusia semakin banyak.
Sayangnya hal ini tidak diimbangi dengan kebiasaan dan kesadaran lingkungan yang baik.
Kini orang-orang menggunakan plastik hanya untuk sekali pakai dan setelahnya langsung dibuang.
Kantong kresek, botol atau gelas plastik minuman, plastik kemasan, dan sedotan semuanya terbuat dari plastik.
Hasilnya sampah plastik menumpuk dan tersebar dimana-mana.
Beberapa jenis sampah plastik sebenarnya bisa dimanfaatkan kembali jika penanganan dan pengolahan sampah dilakukan dengan baik.
Ada yang bisa dilebur dan dibuat plastik kembali atau benda lainnya,
ada yang dijadikan bahan campuran aspal,
ada juga yang diolah menjadi bahan bakar.
Namun di Indonesia sendiri baru sekitar 10-15% sampah plastik yang diolah kembali.
60-70% tertimbun di tempat pembuangan akhir dan sisanya terbuang ke lingkungan,
bahkan sekitar 50% sampah yang ditemukan di laut adalah sampah plastik.
Mengapa ini berbahaya?
Karena plastik merupakan bahan yang sulit terurai secara alami di lingkungan.
Kalau kamu membuang plastik hari ini maka sampai kamu memiliki cucu atau bahkan cicit sampah plastik tersebut masih ada atau bahkan tetap utuh.
Plastik membutuhkan waktu puluhan, ratusan, bahkan ribuan tahun untuk bisa terurai di lingkungan.
Sebelum terurai volume plastik yang menyebar dimana-mana menimbulkan banyak masalah bagi lingkungan dan makhluk hidup.
Wah serem juga ya!
Teman kece mau tahu apa aja bahaya sampah plastik lainnya?
Simak di video bagian kedua.
Jangan lupa, kalian juga bisa latihan soal tentang pengolahan sampah dan pelestarian lingkungan di website kejarcita.id
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