CLASSIFICATION OF NUTRIENTS
Summary
TLDRThe video script delves into the classification of nutrients, highlighting macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber, which are needed in larger quantities, and micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, required in smaller amounts. It explains the role of carbohydrates as a primary energy source, detailing simple and complex types, and the significance of dietary fiber. Proteins are discussed for their role in building body tissues and their classification into complete and incomplete based on essential amino acids content, with examples of animal and plant sources.
Takeaways
- 🍚 Macronutrients are nutrients required in large quantities, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber.
- 🥗 Micronutrients are nutrients needed in smaller amounts and are further divided into vitamins and minerals.
- 🍬 Carbohydrates are composed of sugars and starches, providing energy in the form of calories and are the body's main fuel source.
- 🍭 Simple carbohydrates, also known as simple sugars, include monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose, and disaccharides like sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
- 🌽 Complex carbohydrates, or polysaccharides, consist of more than two sugar units and include starch, cellulose, and glycogen.
- 🥦 Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that is not digested and helps to add bulk to food, prevent constipation, and regulate the absorption of nutrients.
- 💪 Proteins are essential for building and maintaining body cells and tissues, and they provide energy when carbohydrates are scarce.
- 🥚 Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and proteins are classified as complete or incomplete based on the presence of essential amino acids.
- 🥩 Complete proteins, containing all nine essential amino acids, are found in animal products like meat, milk, poultry, cheese, fish, and eggs.
- 🌾 Incomplete proteins, lacking one or more essential amino acids, are found in plant-based foods such as seeds, beans, and legumes.
Q & A
What are the two major types of nutrients?
-The two major types of nutrients are macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are required in large quantities, while micronutrients are required in smaller amounts.
What are the different types of macronutrients?
-Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber.
How are micronutrients classified?
-Micronutrients are classified into vitamins and minerals.
Outlines
🍚 Macronutrients and Carbohydrates
The first paragraph discusses the classification of nutrients, emphasizing macronutrients, which are required in large quantities, and micronutrients, needed in smaller amounts. Macronutrients are further divided into carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber. Carbohydrates are composed of sugars and starches, containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2 ratio. They serve as the body's primary energy source, providing calories. Carbohydrates are categorized into simple and complex types. Simple carbohydrates, or simple sugars, include monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose, and disaccharides like sucrose and lactose. Complex carbohydrates, or polysaccharides, consist of many sugar units and include starch, cellulose, and glycogen. Fiber, a type of carbohydrate, is not digested and aids in digestion and nutrient absorption.
🥚 Proteins: Building Blocks of Life
The second paragraph focuses on proteins, essential nutrients for building and maintaining body cells and tissues. Proteins should constitute 15 to 20 percent of one's diet and provide four calories per gram. They are composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Proteins are crucial for growth, development, hormone and enzyme production, immune function, tissue repair, and energy provision when carbohydrates are scarce. Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, categorize them into complete and incomplete types. Complete proteins, found in animal products like meat, milk, poultry, cheese, fish, and eggs, contain all nine essential amino acids. Incomplete proteins, found in plant-based foods like seeds, beans, and legumes, lack one or more essential amino acids.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Macronutrients
💡Micronutrients
💡Carbohydrates
💡Proteins
💡Simple Carbohydrates
💡Complex Carbohydrates
💡Fiber
💡Monosaccharides
💡Disaccharides
💡Amino Acids
Highlights
Nutrients are classified into macronutrients and micronutrients.
Macronutrients are required in large quantities.
Micronutrients are required in small amounts.
Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber.
Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals.
Carbohydrates provide energy in the form of calories.
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbohydrates are divided into simple and complex carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates include monosaccharides and disaccharides.
Glucose is the only food the brain and nervous system can use for energy.
Sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose units.
Lactose is made up of glucose and galactose units.
Complex carbohydrates are also known as polysaccharides.
Starch is a storage material in plants.
Cellulose is a structural component of plant cells.
Glycogen is stored in liver and muscle cells.
Fiber is a mixture of carbohydrates that are not digested.
Proteins help build and maintain body cells and tissues.
Proteins contain 4 calories per gram.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids.
Incomplete proteins lack some essential amino acids.
Transcripts
classification
majorly nutrients are classified into
two types one macronutrients the
substances which are required in large
quantities are called macronutrients two
minor nutrients the substances which are
required in small amounts are called
micronutrients macronutrients are again
classified into following types one
carbohydrates to proteins three fats for
water five fiber micronutrients are
further classified into two types they
are one litter means two minerals
let us discuss them in detail one by one
one carbohydrates a class of nutrients
that contain sugars and starches and is
made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen the
ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is always
to is to one function they provide
energy in the form of calories act as
body's main source of fuel
classification majorly carbohydrates are
divided into two groups they are a
simple carbohydrates B complex
carbohydrates a simple carbohydrates
simple carbohydrates that our body can
easily utilize they're also known as
simple sugars these are of two types
monosaccharides and disaccharides
monosaccharides they are made up of
single sugar unit and de chemical
formula is si si
h-12 o-6 example one glucose glucose is
the only food the brain and nervous
system can use for energy it is also
known as blood sugar and grape sugar to
fructose mostly found in fruits berries
and honey 3 galactose mostly found in
milk disaccharides they are made up of
two sugar units having general chemical
formula is c12 h22 o11 they will produce
monomeric units upon hydrolysis example
one sucrose
it is made up of glucose and fructose
sugar units it is also known as cane
sugar because commonly found in sugar
cane and sugar beets sucrose gives rise
to glucose plus fructose to lactose it
is made up of glucose and galactose it
is also known as milk sugar because it
is commonly present in milk lactose
gives glucose plus galactose 3 Moltres
it is made up of two glucose sugar units
mostly found in germinating seeds
Moltres gives glucose plus glucose
complex carbohydrates these are also
known as polysaccharides carbohydrates
made up of more than two sugar units
starch it is made up of large number of
glucose units it
as a storage material in plants
soles bread potatoes and grains etc
cellulose it is a structural component
of primary cell wall of plant cells and
is made up of of linear chains of
glucose units glycogen it also made up
of glucose units which are branched
excess amount of energy is stowed in the
form of glycogen in lever and muscle
cells one fiber some of the glucose
units are linked together to form fiber
and is a mixture of different
carbohydrates which are not digested
like other nutrients but passed through
the gut nearly unchanged fiber is a
tough stringy part of vegetables fruits
and grains which humans cannot digest
souls
carrots cabbage avocado maize sorghum
beans peas and cassava etc importance
fiber makes food bulky or bigger this
can help a person who is overweight to
eat less food prevent constipation fiber
slows the absorption of nutrients so it
helps nutrients to enter the bloodstream
slowly this is important for patients
with diabetes mellitus one proteins
proteins are nutrients that help build
and maintain body cells and tissues it
is recommended that 15 to 20 percent of
the diet come from protein proteins
contain 4 calories per gram these are
made up of carbon oxygen hydrogen and
nitrogen importance required in diet for
growth development in making essential
hormones and enzymes improving immune
functions repairing of tissues supplying
energy in times when carbohydrates are
not available during emergency
conditions the building blocks of
proteins are amino acids based on number
of amino acids in food they are
classified as complete and incomplete
proteins complete proteins foods that
contain all nine essential amino acids
are complete proteins all animal
products are complete proteins example
meat milk poultry cheese fish and egg
incomplete proteins not all protein
foods have nine essential amino acids
these foods are called incomplete
proteins plants have rich in incomplete
proteins example seeds beans and legumes
etc
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