Как «Гарри Поттер» изменил английский

Skyeng: онлайн-школа английского языка

14 Mar 202315:49

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses the impact of the Harry Potter series on the English language, highlighting how certain words from the magical universe have made their way into dictionaries. It explores correct and incorrect translations of characters' names and terms, such as 'Muggle' and 'Quidditch,' and how they've been adapted in different versions of the books. The script also touches on the challenges of translating the series into other languages, providing examples of names and phrases that have been altered or lost in translation. Additionally, it offers insights into the creative choices made by translators and the importance of preserving the original meanings and wordplay.

Takeaways

📚 The script discusses the impact of the Harry Potter series on the English language, including the inclusion of words from the magical universe in dictionaries.
🔮 The word 'muggle' was added to the Oxford dictionary before the Harry Potter series, originally referring to a type of marijuana.
🏉 The sport of Quidditch from the series has influenced the real world, with the Oxford dictionary including the word.
📖 There are differences in translations between the British and American versions of Harry Potter books, such as 'philosopher's stone' versus 'sorcerer's stone'.
🎓 The 'Sorting Hat' is referred to as a 'level test' in both English versions, indicating one's proficiency in English rather than a magical destiny.
📝 The script mentions the importance of accurate translations, highlighting examples where certain words or names have been translated differently or incorrectly.
🌟 The word 'Apparition' is used in both the magical world and in religious contexts, referring to the transformation of one object into another.
🐉 The script explores the etymology of names and words in the series, such as 'Hufflepuff' and 'Slytherin', and how they relate to their meanings or historical origins.
🌐 The script criticizes some translations, suggesting that they lose the original meaning or cultural references, like translating magical creatures as 'beasts'.
🎁 The script ends with a promotional code for a language course, suggesting that learning English can be as magical as the Harry Potter universe.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is the influence of the Harry Potter series on the English language, including the incorporation of magical terms into dictionaries, translations of character names, and the impact on the language.
Why does the speaker mention that showing any part of the Harry Potter world is a copyright violation?
-The speaker mentions copyright violation to emphasize the legal restrictions around using content from the Harry Potter series, such as film clips, book excerpts, or drawings, without permission from the copyright holders.
Which word from the Harry Potter series was added to the Oxford dictionary even before the series gained massive popularity?
-The word 'muggle' was added to the Oxford dictionary before the Harry Potter series became widely popular, although it had a different meaning related to slang for marijuana.
What sport is mentioned in the script that became popular due to the Harry Potter series?
-Quidditch is the sport mentioned that gained popularity due to the Harry Potter series, and it even became a real sport outside of the books.
Why did the American version of the Harry Potter books change certain words from the British version?
-The American version of the Harry Potter books changed certain words to make them more relatable to American readers, such as changing 'philosopher's stone' to 'sorcerer's stone' and using 'mom' instead of 'mum'.
What is the significance of the 'Sorting Hat' test mentioned in the script?
-The 'Sorting Hat' test is a metaphor for a language proficiency test that assesses one's English level based on grammar, listening, reading, and does not arbitrarily assign a person to a category like the magical Sorting Hat in the Harry Potter series.
What does the speaker suggest for those interested in improving their English skills?
-The speaker suggests signing up for a free lesson on the Skyeng platform, which offers interactive English language courses with a magical twist inspired by the Harry Potter series.
Why does the speaker discuss the translation of character names in the Harry Potter series?
-The speaker discusses the translation of character names to highlight the challenges and choices translators face in conveying the original meanings and cultural references while also making names accessible to readers in different languages.
What is the issue the speaker has with the translation of the character 'Snape' in the Russian version of the Harry Potter series?
-The speaker is puzzled by the insistence on translating Snape's name and surname in the Russian version, as there are no strong English roots in the word, and they question the selectiveness of the translators for not applying a similar approach to other names.
What is the speaker's opinion on the translation of magical creatures as 'tvar' in the Russian version?
-The speaker believes that translating magical creatures as 'tvar' in the Russian version is incorrect, as 'tvar' does not accurately represent the nature of magical creatures in the Harry Potter series.
Why does the speaker mention the word 'Mimbulus mimbletonia' and its translation?
-The speaker mentions 'Mimbulus mimbletonia' to illustrate how translators had to be creative with the translation of magical plant names, which were invented for the series and have no direct real-world counterparts.

Outlines

00:00

📚 The Impact of Harry Potter on the English Language

This paragraph discusses the profound influence of the Harry Potter series on the English language. It mentions how certain words from the magical universe have made their way into dictionaries and how the series has affected translations and interpretations of words. The speaker also touches upon the differences between British and American versions of the books, highlighting how certain terms were adapted for American audiences. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of accurate translations and the creative liberties taken by translators in bringing the series to different languages.

05:01

🔮 Magical Words and Their Origins

The second paragraph delves into the etymology of words and names from the Harry Potter series, exploring their mythological and historical roots. It discusses how some terms, like 'Muggle' and 'Quidditch,' have been incorporated into the Oxford English Dictionary and how the names of characters like 'Dumbledore' and 'Malfoy' have interesting and sometimes dark origins. The speaker also points out the intentional mistranslations and the loss of certain wordplays in non-English versions of the series, emphasizing the challenges and nuances of translating a culturally rich work like Harry Potter.

10:02

🌟 The Art of Translating Character Names

This paragraph focuses on the translation of character names in the Harry Potter series, critiquing some choices and praising others. It discusses how certain names have been altered in translation to either fit cultural contexts or to maintain the original meaning. The speaker provides examples of names that have been well-translated and those that have not, suggesting that some translations may lose the original author's intent or play on words. The paragraph also touches on the importance of preserving the essence of characters through accurate and thoughtful translations.

15:05

📖 The Challenges of Translating Harry Potter

The final paragraph addresses the broader challenges faced by translators when working on the Harry Potter series. It highlights instances where translations may have lost certain nuances, cultural references, or wordplays. The speaker also mentions the translation of the series' title in different languages and the impact of these choices on the audience's understanding of the story. The paragraph concludes with a call for translators to be mindful of the original text's intent and to strive for accuracy and cultural sensitivity in their work.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Copyright

Copyright refers to the legal rights that creators have over their original works, including literary, musical, and artistic creations. In the context of the video, the speaker mentions that showing any parts of Harry Potter movies, books, or drawings would be a violation of copyright laws, highlighting the importance of respecting intellectual property rights in the discussion of the Harry Potter universe.

💡Oxford Dictionary

The Oxford Dictionary is a widely recognized English language reference book published by Oxford University Press. In the video, the speaker notes that the Oxford Dictionary has incorporated words from the Harry Potter series, such as 'Muggle,' into its pages, illustrating the cultural impact and linguistic influence of the series on the English language.

💡Quidditch

Quidditch is a fictional sport from the Harry Potter universe, played on broomsticks with three types of balls. The video discusses how the popularity of the Harry Potter series led to the real-world adoption of Quidditch as a sport, which in turn was recognized by the Oxford Dictionary, showcasing the series' influence on both sports and language.

💡Translation

Translation is the process of rendering text from one language into another while maintaining its meaning. The video script discusses various translations of Harry Potter terms and character names, emphasizing the challenges and nuances of translating cultural references and the importance of accurate translations for maintaining the essence of the original work.

💡Muggle

A Muggle is a term from the Harry Potter series used to describe a person who lacks magical powers. The video mentions how the term 'Muggle' has been included in the Oxford Dictionary, reflecting the series' influence on the English language and its ability to introduce new words into common usage.

💡Sorting Hat

The Sorting Hat is a magical object in the Harry Potter series that分配s students into Hogwarts houses based on their characteristics. The video script uses the Sorting Hat as an analogy for a language proficiency test, indicating how elements from the series are used metaphorically in discussions about language and learning.

💡Transfiguration

Transfiguration is a branch of magic in the Harry Potter series that involves transforming one object into another. The video script mentions that the term 'transfiguration' is also used in religious contexts to describe the transformation of Jesus Christ, highlighting the intersection of the magical world with real-world religious terminology.

💡Slytherin

Slytherin is one of the four houses in Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, known for its association with ambition and resourcefulness. The video discusses the etymology of the house name, relating it to the word 'slither' and suggesting a connection to the house's values and characteristics.

💡Hermione Granger

Hermione Granger is a central character in the Harry Potter series, known for her intelligence and strong moral compass. The video script mentions Hermione as part of the 'golden trio,' indicating her importance to the series' narrative and her role as a positive role model for readers.

💡Severus Snape

Severus Snape is a complex character in the Harry Potter series, whose true loyalties are revealed towards the end of the series. The video script touches on the character's name and its translation, reflecting on the care taken by translators to maintain the integrity of character names and their meanings across languages.

💡Hogwarts

Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry is the primary setting of the Harry Potter series and serves as a central institution for magical education. The video uses Hogwarts as a metaphor for a magical English language school, suggesting the transformative power of language learning and the immersive experience it can provide.

Highlights

The video discusses the impact of Harry Potter on the English language.

The word 'muggle' was added to the Oxford dictionary even before the Harry Potter series.

The word 'quidditch' became a recognized sport and was added to the dictionary.

There are rumors of another Harry Potter-related word being added to the dictionary.

Differences in translations between British and American versions of Harry Potter books.

The term 'Sorting Hat' is translated differently in various languages.

The 'Level Test' is a way to determine one's English proficiency based on grammar, listening, and reading.

The word 'transfiguration' has been used in religion before its association with Harry Potter.

The word 'squib' originally referred to an unimpressive firework and has various meanings.

The word 'mudblood' has roots in Australian slang for a freeloader.

The word 'boggart' has mythological origins and means someone who goes mad.

The name 'Dumbledore' has a complex etymology and various interpretations.

The name 'Voldemort' is derived from an outdated word and has no clear etymological origin.

The Weasley family name has a connection to the word 'wiz', which means to make a buzzing or humming sound.

The name 'Snape' has been translated inconsistently across different languages.

The name 'Rostock' has suffered in translation and its meaning is a mystery.

The phrase 'to be' is part of us is translated differently in Russian, losing its original meaning.

The translation of magical creatures as 'creatures' in Russian is criticized.

The translation of the game 'Gobstones' as 'Gobstones' in Russian is noted.

The video provides a promo code for a language course related to the Harry Potter universe.