PENGERTIAN PETA DAN SYARAT PETA #geography #education #kurikulummerdeka

Fahmi Astathi

3 Oct 202003:47

Summary

TLDRThis video introduces the concept of maps, exploring their definition and the key requirements for creating accurate ones. The term 'map' comes from the Greek word 'Mapa,' meaning tablecloth or cover. Cartography is the science of map-making. Definitions from various sources, like the International Cartographic Association, describe maps as representations of selected elements of Earth's surface, usually scaled down. The video also outlines three essential requirements for maps: conformity (accurate shape), equidistance (accurate distance), and equivalence (accurate area). These principles ensure that maps are reliable tools for planners and decision-makers.

Takeaways

🌍 The term 'map' originates from the Greek word 'Mapa', meaning a flat surface or tablecloth.
📘 The science of map-making is known as cartography.
🗺️ According to the International Cartographic Association, a map is a representation of selected features of the Earth's surface, or of celestial bodies, on a flat surface.
🏞️ A map serves as a tool for storing and presenting environmental data, acting as an information source for planners and decision-makers.
🔍 Erwin Rais defines a map as a conventional depiction of the Earth's surface appearance, reduced and presented on a flat surface with explanatory text.
🎨 The first requirement for map-making is 'conformity', meaning the map must accurately represent the shape of the actual area it depicts.
📏 The second requirement is 'equidistance', which ensures that distances on the map, when multiplied by the scale, correspond to real-world distances.
🔄 The third requirement is 'equivalence', which means the area on the map, after scaling calculations, should match the actual area it represents.
📋 The script discusses the importance of understanding the definition and requirements of map-making for accurate geographical representation.
👨‍🏫 The video aims to educate viewers on the concepts and criteria of map-making, hoping to be beneficial for those interested in cartography.

Q & A

What is the origin of the term 'map'?
-The term 'map' originates from the Greek word 'Mapa', which means a napkin or a tablecloth.
What is the scientific study of making maps called?
-The scientific study of making maps is called cartography.
According to the International Cartographic Association, what is a map?
-A map is a representation of selected natural or abstract elements of the Earth's surface, as they appear on a plane, reduced or enlarged.
What does BAKOSURTANAL define a map as?
-BAKOSURTANAL defines a map as a tool for storing and presenting environmental data, serving as an information source for planners and decision-makers at various stages of development.
What does Erwin Rais consider a map to be?
-Erwin Rais considers a map to be a conventional representation of the Earth's surface appearance, reduced as it would be seen vertically from above, on a flat surface, with added explanations in text.
What is the first requirement for creating a map according to the script?
-The first requirement for creating a map is that it must be conform, meaning the map's shape must be consistent and accurate to the actual area it represents to avoid misinformation.
What does the term 'equidistant' imply in the context of maps?
-Equidistant means that the distance on the map, when multiplied by the scale, corresponds to the actual distance, emphasizing the accuracy of the map's distances.
What is the meaning of 'ekivalen' in map creation?
-Ekivalen refers to the area on the map that, after calculation through scale, should be equivalent to the actual area it represents.
Why is the accuracy of shape (konform) important in map creation?
-The accuracy of shape is important to ensure that the map does not misrepresent the geographical features and to provide reliable information for navigation and planning.
How does the script suggest a map should be created to meet the requirement of equidistance?
-A map should be created in such a way that the distances on the map, when scaled, accurately reflect the real-world distances to ensure that the map is useful for precise measurements and analysis.
What is the significance of the term 'ekivalen' in ensuring the accuracy of a map?
-The term 'ekivalen' is significant as it ensures that the areas depicted on the map are proportionally accurate to the actual areas on the ground, which is crucial for planning and resource management.

Outlines

00:00

🗺️ Introduction to Maps and Cartography

The video script begins with a greeting in Malay, followed by an introduction to the topic of maps. It explains that the term 'map' originates from the Greek word 'Mapa', meaning a tablecloth or desk cover. The script then delves into the scientific study of map-making, known as cartography. It discusses the definition of a map according to the International Cartographic Association, which describes a map as a representation of selected features from the Earth's surface on a flat surface, usually reduced in size. The script also mentions the definition by Bakosurtanal, Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Surveys and Mapping, which views maps as tools for environmental data storage and presentation, serving as a source of information for planners and decision-makers. The video promises to discuss the characteristics and requirements of map-making in detail.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Map

A map is a symbolic representation of select features of an area. In the context of the video, it is described as a flat representation of the Earth's surface or celestial bodies, typically reduced in size and depicted on a two-dimensional medium. Maps are essential tools for navigation, planning, and understanding spatial relationships within the environment.

💡Cartography

Cartography is the study and practice of making maps. It involves the science, aesthetics, and techniques of creating representations of the Earth's surface. The video mentions cartography as the discipline that deals with the creation of maps, emphasizing its importance in capturing and conveying geographical information.

💡Scale

Scale in cartography refers to the ratio between distances on a map and the corresponding distances on the ground. It is a crucial aspect of map making as it determines the level of detail and accuracy that can be represented. The video discusses the importance of scale in ensuring that distances on the map correspond accurately to real-world measurements.

💡Conform

Conform, in the context of the video, refers to the accuracy of a map's representation of the actual shape and features of an area. A conform map accurately reflects the topography and other geographical aspects of the area it portrays, avoiding misrepresentation and misinformation. This is vital for maps to be reliable sources of information.

💡Equidistance

Equidistance is a property of a map where the distances between points on the map, when multiplied by the scale, correspond to the actual distances on the ground. This concept is important for maps used in navigation and planning, ensuring that the spatial relationships are accurately depicted.

💡Ekivalen

Ekivalen, as mentioned in the video, refers to the equivalence of areas on a map to their real-world counterparts. This means that the area calculations made from the map should be consistent with the actual areas on the ground. This is crucial for applications where accurate area measurements are necessary, such as land planning and resource management.

💡Topography

Topography is the detailed study of the Earth's surface features, including terrain and landforms. In the context of the video, topography is an important aspect of what maps represent, as it helps in understanding the physical landscape and its features.

💡GIS (Geographic Information System)

While not explicitly mentioned in the script, GIS is a system designed for capturing, storing, analyzing, and presenting geospatial data. It is related to the video's theme as it is a tool that utilizes maps and spatial data to support decision-making and planning processes.

💡Projection

Projection in cartography is the method by which the Earth's surface is transferred onto a flat map. Since the Earth is a three-dimensional sphere, projecting it onto a two-dimensional surface involves certain mathematical transformations. This concept is fundamental to map making and is implicitly related to the discussion of map accuracy and representation.

💡Legend

A legend on a map is a key that explains the symbols, colors, and other graphical elements used to represent various features on the map. It helps users interpret the map correctly. The video touches on the importance of annotations and symbols in maps, which are typically explained through a legend.

💡Surveying

Surveying is the technique and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional space position of points and the distances and angles between them. It is a foundational process in map making, as it provides the precise measurements needed to create accurate maps. The video mentions the role of surveying in the context of national mapping agencies.

Highlights

Introduction to the concept of maps, their meaning, and criteria for their creation.

The term 'map' originates from the Greek word 'Mapa', meaning a tablecloth or desk cover.

The study of map creation is known as cartography.

Definition of a map according to the International Cartographic Association: a representation of selected terrestrial features.

Maps are related to the Earth's surface or celestial objects, usually depicted on a flat surface.

The second definition of a map by Bakosurtanal: a tool for data storage and environmental condition presentation.

Maps serve as an information source for planners and decision-makers in development stages.

Erwin Rais' definition of a map: a conventional representation of the Earth's appearance, reduced and depicted on a flat surface.

The first criterion for map creation is conformity, meaning the map should accurately represent the original area's shape.

Conformity's key aspect is the map's shape, ensuring it does not misinform.

Equidistance is the second criterion, which means the distances on the map, when scaled, correspond to actual distances.

Equidistance's key term is 'map distance', ensuring accuracy in representation.

The third criterion is equivalence, which refers to the map's area calculation matching the actual area.

The key term for equivalence is 'map area', crucial for accurate land representation.

The video aims to be beneficial by explaining the meaning of maps and the criteria for their creation.

Gratitude expressed for the viewers' attention and the hope that the video is helpful.