Materi Ilmu Komunikasi: Perkembangan Teknologi Komunikasi

Summary

This script delves into the intricate relationship between technology and communication, highlighting how technology shapes social revolutions. It explores the dual nature of technology, encompassing both hardware and software, and discusses various perspectives on its impact, from determinism to instrumentalism and constructivism. The discussion also touches on the evolution of communication technologies and their role in society, emphasizing the dynamic and ever-changing nature of media within the social fabric.

Takeaways

• 😀 Technology and communication are closely intertwined, with technology playing a significant role in shaping communication in the modern era.
• 🔧 The term 'technology' originates from the Greek word 'techne', meaning 'art' or 'craft', and 'logos', meaning 'study'. It encompasses more than just machinery; it includes hardware and software aspects.
• 🌐 Technology is neutral in nature, but its impact can vary based on different perspectives, such as determinism, instrumentalism, substantivism, and constructivism.
• 🎸 Instrumentalism views technology as a neutral tool that can be used or not, without inherently changing society, much like a guitar that doesn't change people but can be used to create music.
• 💡 Substantivism suggests that technology has its own logic, efficiency, and rationality, influencing society by offering more efficient solutions compared to previous technologies.
• 🏗️ Constructivism posits that technology is a result of a complex interplay between social, political, and cultural systems, as well as the technology itself.
• 📡 Marshall McLuhan's perspective is that technology is an extension of human capabilities, overcoming limitations such as space and time, as seen with media expanding our reach beyond physical presence.
• 🌟 Media, as explained by Rogers, is a design action that reduces uncertainty in cause-effect relationships to achieve desired outcomes, consisting of both hardware and software components.
• 📺 The evolution of communication modes follows changes in societal patterns, with advancements in transportation and telecommunication technologies giving rise to new forms of media.
• 🌐 Media is a social and dynamic construct, continuously evolving and not just a historical artifact. It is integrated into our lives as a historical process of communication.
• 🔮 Predicting the future of technology and media is challenging, but understanding media involves studying the dynamic social system, focusing on the intersection of technology, society, and communication.

Q & A

What is the relationship between technology and communication according to the speaker?

The speaker suggests that technology and communication are closely intertwined, with technology placing communication at the forefront of social revolutions.

What does the term 'technology' encompass according to the transcript?

Technology is not limited to machines or hardware; it also includes software and can be seen as a construct with both physical and informational aspects.

What are the two aspects of technology mentioned in the script?

The two aspects of technology mentioned are hardware, which refers to the physical objects or components, and software, which includes the non-physical elements like information systems.

What are the four perspectives on the nature of technology discussed in the transcript?

The four perspectives discussed are determinism, instrumentalism, substantivism, and constructivism, each offering a different view on how technology influences society.

How does the determinism perspective view the role of technology in society?

Determinism sees technology as a shaping force in society, with the belief that it can significantly alter social systems and structures.

What is the instrumentalism perspective on technology as described in the transcript?

Instrumentalism views technology as neutral, merely serving as a tool that can be used or not, without inherently changing society.

What does the substantivism perspective suggest about technology?

Substantivism posits that technology has its own logic, efficiency, and rationality, and that it can lead to the selection of certain technologies over others based on these factors.

How does constructivism define technology?

Constructivism sees technology as a result of a complex interplay between social, political, and cultural systems, as well as the technology itself.

What does Marshall McLuhan's concept of technology as an 'extension of man' imply?

Marshall McLuhan's concept implies that technology serves to extend human capabilities, overcoming limitations such as space and time, and thus it is an integral part of human experience and interaction.

What are the three messages of technology according to Rogers mentioned in the script?

Rogers' three messages of technology are demasification, which eliminates mass functions; the idea that technology is instrumental in reducing uncertainty in cause-effect relationships to achieve desired outcomes; and the notion that technology consists of both hardware and software components.

How does the speaker describe the dynamic nature of media and society?

The speaker describes media and society as dynamic and ever-changing, with media being a social and historical context that is integrated into our lives and continuously evolves.