KABINET BURHANUDDIN HARAHAP (MASA DEMOKRASI LIBERAL) | MATERI SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 12

Summary

This Indonesian history class covers the formation, governance, and end of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet, Indonesia's fifth post-independence government. The cabinet, a coalition between Masyumi and 12 smaller parties, faced economic challenges and political opposition. It successfully controlled inflation and improved civil-military relations by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution. A highlight was the democratic 1955 election, with a 91.54% voter turnout. The cabinet ended due to the failure to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union and internal party withdrawals.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses the history of Indonesia, focusing on the period of liberal democracy and the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet.
• 🏛️ After the resignation of Ali Sastroamidjojo, Vice President Hatta was tasked with forming a new cabinet due to President Soekarno's absence on a pilgrimage.
• 🗣️ Hatta initially chose three figures from the parliament to help form the cabinet, but they proposed Hatta himself as Prime Minister, which was rejected by the Masyumi party.
• 🔄 Due to the failure to form a coalition, Hatta decided to include a figure from the Masyumi party, leading to the selection of Burhanuddin Harahap as the fifth Prime Minister.
• 📅 The Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet was officially sworn in on August 12, 1955, and ended on March 3, 1956.
• 🤝 The cabinet faced challenges from the start, including demands from the PNI party for certain ministerial positions and opposition from parties like PKI and progressive elements.
• 💼 The cabinet aimed to restore the government's prestige, conduct elections as planned, and tackle issues like decentralization and inflation.
• 💼 The Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet took pragmatic economic steps, such as opening up to foreign investment and easing import restrictions, to control inflation.
• 🛑 The cabinet also addressed military-civilian relations by reinstating Abdul Haris Nasution as the commander of the army and taking a tough stance on corruption cases.
• 🗳️ A significant achievement of the cabinet was the successful conduct of the 1955 general elections, which had a high voter turnout and were considered the most democratic and successful at the time.
• ⏳ The cabinet's end was marked by its inability to gain support for the unilateral dissolution of the Indonesia-Netherlands Union and the subsequent withdrawal of support from key parties and the President.

Q & A

What significant event led to Hatta being appointed as the acting President of Indonesia?

President Soekarno was performing the Hajj pilgrimage, which led to the task of appointing a format tour being handed over to Hatta as the Vice President.

Who were the three figures from the parliament that Hatta initially chose to form the new cabinet?

The three figures were Sukiman, Wilopo, and Asal.

Why was Hatta's initial choice for the new cabinet rejected by the Masyumi party?

The Masyumi party rejected the proposal because it did not include them in key positions such as Vice Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of Public Works.

Who was chosen as the Prime Minister after the initial proposal was rejected?

Burhanuddin Harahap, a figure from the Masyumi party, was chosen as the Prime Minister.

What was the main challenge faced by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet during its formation?

The main challenge was the difficulty in forming a coalition with the Indonesian National Army due to demands from the PNI party for certain ministerial positions.

What were the key programs implemented by the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?

The key programs included restoring the government's prestige, conducting elections as planned, forming a new parliament, completing decentralization legislation, controlling inflation, combating corruption, continuing the struggle to return West Irian to Indonesia, and developing Asian-African political cooperation.

How did the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet address the economic challenges faced by Indonesia?

The cabinet took pragmatic steps such as opening up to foreign investment, easing import restrictions, and revoking the Ali Baba economic policy, which was deemed a failure.

What was the outcome of the 1955 general elections under the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?

The 1955 general elections were the first and most democratically successful in Indonesia's history, with a 91.54% public participation rate, despite security challenges due to rebellions in several regions.

Why did the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet fail to end the Round Table Conference (KMB) agreement with the Netherlands?

The cabinet's decision to unilaterally dissolve the United Indonesia-Netherlands was not supported by PNI, PSI, and President Soekarno, who rejected the signing of the dissolution law, stating that the dissolution of the KMB agreement should be comprehensive and await the formation of a new cabinet after the elections.

What was the ultimate fate of the Burhanuddin Harahap cabinet?

The cabinet ended its term when Burhanuddin Harahap decided to resign on March 3, 1956, after the failure to gain support for the dissolution of the United Indonesia-Netherlands and the withdrawal of support from NU and PSI, as well as the President's disapproval of the cabinet.