Relations Paris - Londres : des origines à Charles III - Le dessous des cartes - L'essentiel | ARTE

Summary

The video script discusses the complex relationship between France and the United Kingdom, two former colonial powers and current nuclear-armed nations in Europe, both with seats on the United Nations Security Council. It highlights their historical conflicts and alliances, from the Hundred Years' War and Napoleonic Wars to World Wars I and II. The script also touches on the UK's late entry into the European Union and its decision not to adopt the Euro, the establishment of the Channel Tunnel in 1994, and the Brexit vote in 2020. Current issues include the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, fishing disputes, and migration tensions. The script mentions the Aukus agreement, which did not include France and cost it a submarine deal with Australia. However, the war in Ukraine has shifted perspectives, with the UK being a key European ally and the second-largest arms supplier to Ukraine after the United States.

Takeaways

• 👑 The British will sing 'God Save the King' during the coronation of Charles III on Saturday, May 6th in London, with world leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron in attendance.
• 🇫🇷🇬🇧 The relationship between the United Kingdom and France is unique, marked by both alliance and rivalry, with both nations being former colonial powers and current nuclear-armed states in Europe.
• 🔑 Both the UK and France are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, highlighting their significant roles in global affairs.
• 🌊 The English Channel, a strategic maritime space, separates France from England by 33 km and has been a point of contention between the two nations historically.
• 🤝 World War I marked a turning point in Franco-British relations, with the two countries becoming allies, a bond that continued through World War II.
• ⏳ In 1949, both London and Paris joined NATO, although the UK's relationship with the organization has had its complexities.
• 🕰️ The UK joined the European Union in 1973, but unlike France, it did not adopt the euro and later voted for Brexit, which took effect on January 31, 2020.
• 🚧 The Channel Tunnel, opened in 1994, symbolically connects the UK and France, despite the UK's strong attachment to its sovereignty and insularity.
• 🚫 Post-Brexit, the UK and France have had to address several challenging issues, including the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital.
• 🛥️ French fishermen, who used to make 25% of their catches in British waters, face problems due to Brexit.
• 🤔 Tensions also arise around migration issues and the clandestine crossings of the English Channel.
• 🤝 The AUKUS partnership, involving Australia, the United States, and the UK, was a point of contention as France was not included and lost a significant submarine contract with Australia.
• 🇺🇦 The war in Ukraine has shifted dynamics, with European countries, including the UK, needing to unite against the threat posed by Putin, with the UK being the second-largest supplier of arms to Ukraine after the USA.

Q & A

What significant event is taking place on May 6th in London?

The coronation of Charles III is taking place in London on May 6th.

Who is expected to attend the coronation from France?

The President of France, Emmanuel Macron, is expected to attend the coronation.

What is the historical significance of the relationship between the United Kingdom and France?

The UK and France are two old colonial powers that are currently the only two European countries possessing nuclear weapons and sitting on the United Nations Security Council.

What is the physical distance between France and England?

The distance separating France from England is 33 km, across the English Channel.

How did World War I impact the Franco-British relationship?

World War I marked a turning point in the Franco-British relationship, with the two countries becoming allies.

When did London and Paris choose to join NATO?

Paris joined NATO in 1949, while London decided to join in 1973.

What is the significance of the Channel Tunnel in the relationship between the UK and France?

The Channel Tunnel, which was connected in 1994, symbolizes the physical link between the UK and France despite their historical conflicts and differences.

How did Brexit affect the relationship between the UK and France?

Brexit, which came into effect on January 31, 2020, reaffirmed the UK's commitment to its independence and insularity, leading to thorny issues such as the end of free movement of people, goods, services, and capital, and tensions over fishing rights and migration.

What is the Aukus partnership and how did it affect France?

The Aukus partnership is a security agreement signed between Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. France was not included in this agreement and it cost France a valuable submarine contract with Canberra.

How has the war in Ukraine changed the dynamic between the UK and France?

The war in Ukraine has shifted the lines, with Europe needing the British partner, who is the second-largest supplier of arms to Ukraine after the United States.