Diplomasi 101 Ep.5: Kerja Sama Regional dan Multilateral

Summary

This video script delves into Indonesia's extensive role in regional and multilateral cooperation, akin to a neighborhood within a housing complex. It explains the difference between regional and multilateral cooperation, using relatable examples such as a community gate decoration contest for regional and a collective COVID-19 prevention effort for multilateral. The script highlights Indonesia's active participation in organizations like ASEAN, IORA, and MSG, emphasizing the importance of these collaborations for addressing shared global issues and fostering peace and prosperity. It also touches on Indonesia's significant role in the United Nations and other international bodies, showcasing its commitment to international law and global challenges.

Takeaways

• 🌐 Indonesia's role in regional and multilateral cooperation is akin to a house in a neighborhood complex, engaging with neighbors and the wider community.
• 🔗 Regional cooperation involves countries in close proximity, while multilateral cooperation is based on shared global goals, irrespective of geographical distance.
• 🏆 Regional cooperation is exemplified by collaborative efforts like neighborhood beautification contests, whereas multilateral cooperation is likened to a collective response to a pandemic like COVID-19.
• 🤝 The necessity for regional or multilateral cooperation arises from issues that cannot be resolved bilaterally, such as environmental cleanliness or cross-complex thefts.
• 🌍 Regional cooperation is crucial for countries with shared characteristics, goals, and challenges, like the focus on maritime issues in the Pacific region.
• 🏢 Indonesia is actively involved in regional organizations like ASEAN, IORA, MSG, PIF, and SWPD, reflecting its commitment to regional development and welfare.
• 🌏 Multilateral cooperation addresses global issues like peace, climate change, and health, requiring collective action from countries worldwide.
• 🌟 Indonesia's multilateral diplomacy upholds principles of inclusivity, cooperation, non-intervention, world peace, and respect for international law.
• 🇺🇳 Indonesia is a member of over 200 international organizations, including the United Nations, where it plays a significant role in global peacekeeping and advocacy.
• 🏛️ Indonesia's participation in international organizations like WHO and UNESCO has led to tangible benefits such as clinical trials for COVID-19 treatments and recognition of Indonesian heritage.

Q & A

What is the difference between regional and multilateral cooperation?

Regional cooperation involves countries that are geographically close, sharing similar characteristics, goals, and challenges. Multilateral cooperation, on the other hand, involves countries that may not be geographically close but share common global interests and goals.

Why is regional cooperation important for countries that are geographically close?

Regional cooperation is important because neighboring countries often face similar issues and challenges. It allows them to address these common concerns more effectively through dialogue and collective action.

Can you provide an example of regional cooperation mentioned in the script?

An example of regional cooperation mentioned is ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), which is a regional organization that Indonesia is a part of and plays a significant role in shaping its foreign policy.

How does Indonesia's participation in IORA contribute to its regional cooperation?

Indonesia's participation in the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) promotes sustainable development in the Indian Ocean region, covering areas such as maritime security, economy, fisheries, disaster management, and women's empowerment.

What is the significance of Indonesia's involvement in the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)?

Indonesia's involvement in the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) is significant as it helps advance development and welfare in the Pacific region, fostering cooperation on various issues.

What are the key principles of Indonesia's multilateral diplomacy?

Indonesia's multilateral diplomacy is guided by principles of inclusivity, equality, cooperation, non-intervention, world peace, and upholding international law.

How does Indonesia's membership in the United Nations (UN) reflect its commitment to global issues?

Indonesia's membership in the UN demonstrates its commitment to global issues by actively participating in peacekeeping missions, advocating for Palestinian independence, and contributing to conflict resolution and the protection of national sovereignty.

What role does Indonesia play in the World Health Organization (WHO)?

Indonesia plays a significant role in the WHO by being the first country in Southeast Asia to conduct the WHO Solidarity Trial for COVID-19 treatment, showcasing its active participation in global health initiatives.

How does Indonesia's involvement in UNESCO benefit its cultural heritage?

Indonesia's involvement in UNESCO has led to the recognition of 49 national heritages, such as batik, wayang, the Phinisi ship, and the Ombilin coal mine, highlighting its rich cultural diversity.

What is the historical significance of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) for Indonesia?

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) holds historical significance for Indonesia as it originated from the 1955 Asian-African Conference in Bandung, which was a pivotal moment in asserting national independence and sovereignty.

How does Indonesia's participation in international organizations reflect its national interests?

Indonesia's participation in international organizations ensures that its national interests are represented and that it can contribute to maintaining peace and prosperity both regionally and globally.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Regional and Multilateral Cooperation

The first paragraph introduces the concept of regional and multilateral cooperation using the analogy of a housing complex to explain Indonesia's role in broader international relations. It differentiates between regional cooperation, which involves neighboring countries due to their proximity, and multilateral cooperation, which involves countries with shared goals. Examples are given, such as decorating a 1970s gateway for a regional competition and the collective efforts against COVID-19 for a multilateral approach. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of such cooperation for addressing issues that cannot be solved by bilateral agreements alone, like environmental cleanliness or cross-complex motorcycle thefts, and it highlights the role of regional organizations like ASEAN for Southeast Asia, IORA for the Indian Ocean Rim, and others.

05:04

🌐 Indonesia's Active Role in International Organizations

The second paragraph delves into Indonesia's active participation in various international organizations beyond ASEAN, such as IORA, MSG, PIF, and SWPD, focusing on sustainable development in the Indian Ocean and Pacific regions. It also mentions inter-regional cooperation like FEALAC and ASEM, and specific issue-based cooperation through CTI-CFF and APEC. The paragraph then transitions to discuss multilateral cooperation, which focuses on global issues like peace, climate change, and health. Indonesia's multilateral diplomacy is characterized by principles of inclusivity, cooperation, non-intervention, and respect for international law. The United Nations is highlighted as a key platform for Indonesia's international engagement, with Indonesia being a significant contributor to peacekeeping forces and an advocate for various global issues.

10:04

📚 Indonesia's Global Diplomacy and Membership in International Bodies

The third paragraph summarizes Indonesia's extensive involvement in international organizations, likening the country to a diligent student participating in many clubs. It mentions Indonesia's membership in the G-20, WTO, and its historical role in the Non-Aligned Movement. The paragraph also discusses Indonesia's priorities within the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and its contributions to global financial structures and economic interests. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing that Indonesia's participation in these organizations should reflect national interests and contribute to global peace and prosperity. It invites viewers to ask questions and follow Indonesia's diplomatic achievements through social media.

Keywords

💡Regional Cooperation

Regional cooperation refers to the collaboration between countries that are geographically close. In the context of the video, it is emphasized as a way for neighboring countries to address shared characteristics, goals, and challenges. An example from the script is the cooperation among Southeast Asian countries within ASEAN, which is crucial for Indonesia's foreign policy and is discussed as a significant part of the video's narrative on Indonesia's diplomatic efforts.

💡Multilateral Cooperation

Multilateral cooperation involves countries working together towards common global goals, irrespective of their geographical proximity. The video explains this concept by differentiating it from regional cooperation, highlighting that it focuses on global issues like climate change and pandemic response. Indonesia's participation in the United Nations and other international organizations exemplifies its commitment to multilateralism.

💡ASEAN

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization that promotes political, economic, and sociocultural integration among its member states. In the video, ASEAN is mentioned as an integral part of Indonesia's foreign policy and a key regional organization that Indonesia actively engages with to foster peace and prosperity in Southeast Asia.

💡IORA

The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is a regional organization aimed at promoting sustainable development in the Indian Ocean region. The video mentions Indonesia's involvement in IORA, particularly its role in fostering cooperation on maritime security, economy, fisheries, disaster management, and women's empowerment.

💡Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)

The Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) is a regional organization that facilitates cooperation between Pacific Island countries on various issues. In the script, Indonesia's active role in PIF is highlighted, showcasing its commitment to advancing development and welfare in the Pacific region.

💡Non-Alignment Movement (NAM)

The Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) is an international organization that aims to ensure the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and security of its member states. The video discusses Indonesia's historical role in the NAM, emphasizing its evolution from supporting national independence to fostering mutual assistance and progress among its members.

💡United Nations (UN)

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, and promote social progress. The video underscores Indonesia's special relationship with the UN, particularly its role in maintaining peace and security, and its contributions to global health initiatives like the WHO Solidarity Trial for COVID-19.

💡Economic Cooperation

Economic cooperation among nations is a strategy to promote economic growth, trade, and investment. The video references Indonesia's participation in economic organizations like the G-20 and WTO, where it contributes to shaping global financial structures and protecting its economic interests.

💡Diplomacy

Diplomacy is the practice of conducting negotiations and managing international relations between countries. The video's theme revolves around Indonesia's diplomatic efforts, showcasing how it uses regional and multilateral cooperation to advance its national interests and contribute to global peace and prosperity.

💡Sustainable Development

Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The video discusses how Indonesia engages in regional organizations like IORA to promote sustainable development, particularly in areas such as maritime security and disaster management.

💡Global Challenges

Global challenges refer to issues that affect multiple countries and require a coordinated international response. The script mentions global challenges like climate change, pandemics, and economic inequality, which Indonesia addresses through its participation in multilateral cooperation and international organizations.

Highlights

Indonesia plays a broader role in regional and multilateral cooperation, much like a community within a housing complex.

Regional cooperation involves neighboring countries with similar characteristics and issues, while multilateral cooperation involves countries with shared goals, regardless of proximity.

Regional cooperation can be compared to decorating a neighborhood gate for a local competition, where neighbors collaborate to achieve a common goal.

Multilateral cooperation is akin to global efforts to prevent COVID-19, where communities from different areas come together to ensure public health and safety.

Some issues, such as environmental protection and economic challenges, require multilateral solutions because they cannot be solved through bilateral discussions.

Regional organizations, like the EU, Arab League, Mercosur, African Union, and ASEAN, help maintain communication and prevent conflicts between neighboring countries.

ASEAN is a key pillar of Indonesia’s foreign policy, with Indonesia having played a significant role in ASEAN’s development since its inception.

Indonesia participates in the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) to promote sustainable development in the Indian Ocean region, focusing on issues like maritime security and disaster management.

Indonesia also engages with the Pacific region through organizations like the Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG) and Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) to promote shared development and welfare.

Multilateral cooperation addresses global issues like climate change, security, and health, allowing countries to take collective action on shared challenges.

Indonesia’s multilateral diplomacy is grounded in inclusivity, equality, non-intervention, and international peace, with a focus on respecting international law.

Through the UN, Indonesia contributes to global peacekeeping efforts and has become the 8th largest contributor of peacekeeping troops.

Indonesia has a special relationship with the UN, as the organization played a key role in the global recognition of Indonesia's independence.

Indonesia actively supports Palestine's independence and acts as a mediator in Afghanistan through its multilateral diplomacy.

Indonesia is also involved in organizations like the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), promoting peace and solidarity among Muslim-majority countries.

Transcripts

Halo sahabat kemlu

masih ingatkan kalian kalau Indonesia itu seperti rumah yang berada di suatu kompleks perumahan

Nah setelah membahas hubungan tetangga dan tetangga

kali ini kita akan bahas mengenai peran Indonesia yang lebih luas

seperti di kompleks perumahan RT RW kita

yaitu melalui kerja sama regional dan multilateral

Terus apa sih bedanya kerja sama regional dan multilateral itu?

Nah jadi, baik kerja sama regional dan multilateral

adalah kerja sama yang melibatkan lebih dari dua negara

Bedanya, kalau kerja sama regional terjadi karena negara-negara itu berdekatan lokasinya

Sedangkan kerja sama multilateral terjadi karena negara-negara itu memiliki kesamaan tujuan

Kerja sama regional bisa diibaratkan kalau ada lomba menghias gapura 17-an

jadi kamu dan teman sekomplek bekerjasama untuk bikin gapura paling cantik untuk menang

Beda dengan kerja sama multilateral yang kalau diibaratkan proses pencegahan COVID-19

selain kompleks kamu, teman-teman di kompleks lain juga ikut membangun tempat cuci tangan

serta senantiasa mematuhi peraturan dan menjaga kesehatan lingkungan

supaya penghuni kompleks kamu dan kompleks lainnya tetap aman

[intro]

Kenapa sih kita perlu kerja sama regional atau multilateral?

apa enggak cukup dibahas lewat bilateral?

Kan bisa diselesaikan antara kita saja

Nah jadi, seperti dalam kehidupan kita sehari-hari

terdapat masalah kehidupan kita yang tidak dapat diselesaikan oleh dua pihak saja

seperti kebersihan lingkungan atau kasus pencurian motor yang terjadi lintas kompleks

Sama seperti masalah ekonomi, lingkungan hidup, sumber daya alam

atau penanganan pandemi yang melibatkan banyak negara

Ini butuh dibahas bersama

hanya dengan bersama masalah ini dapat diselesaikan

Ini yang membuat baik kerja sama regional maupun multilateral

menjadi fondasi penting dalam menciptakan perdamaian dan kesejahteraan dunia

Sekarang kita bahas dulu yuk tentang kerja sama regional

Kerja sama regional merupakan kerja sama negara-negara

yang berdekatan di suatu kawasan atau wilayah

Kerja sama ini penting karena umumnya negara yang berdekatan memiliki kesamaan karakteristik

tujuan dan masalah yang dihadapi, yang belum tentu dihadapi oleh kawasan lain

Contohnya bagi negara-negara di kawasan Pasifik

isu kelautan adalah hal yang penting karena kawasannya terdiri dari pulau-pulau

Namun belum tentu isu kelautan ini jadi fokus utama negara di kawasan Afrika

karena mayoritas geografisnya adalah daratan

Kerja sama regional ini juga penting sebagai wadah diskusi antar negara tetangga

karena asal teman-teman tahu konflik yang paling sering terjadi di dunia adalah konflik antar negara tetangga

baik karena perebutan wilayah

sumber daya alam atau pengaruh politik

Jadi seperti kamu dan si dia, kunci utama hubungan dan mencegah konflik adalah komunikasi

Nah komunikasi ini dijaga oleh negara-negara di dalam suatu kawasan melalui suatu organisasi regional

Organisasi regional ini umumnya memayungi kawasan seperti Uni Eropa di kawasan Eropa

Liga Arab di kawasan timur tengah

Mercosur di kawasan Amerika Latin, Uni Afrika bagi benua Afrika

dan untuk Asia Tenggara adalah ASEAN atau Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Teman-teman, yuk kita lihat peta dunia dan kita lihat kerja sama regional kita

Kerja sama regional utama kita adalah ASEAN

Asia Tenggara adalah kawasan terdekat Indonesia

ASEAN telah menjadi bagian tidak terpisahkan dari kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia sejak berdirinya ASEAN hingga saat ini

ASEAN juga soko guru politik luar negeri Indonesia

karena pentingnya ASEAN kita akan membahas khusus mengenai ASEAN di episode berikutnya ya

Ke sebelah barat di kawasan Samudera Hindia

Indonesia tergabung dalam Indian Ocean Rim Association atau IORA

Organisasi ini adalah satu-satunya organisasi untuk mempromosikan pembangunan berkelanjutan di kawasan Samudera Hindia

dari keamanan maritim

ekonomi

perikanan

penanganan bencana

hingga pemberdayaan perempuan

Indonesia pernah menjadi tuan rumah pertemuan IORA tingkat kepala negara pada tahun 2017

Ke sebelah timur di kawasan Pasifik, Indonesia juga aktif memajukan pembangunan dan kesejahteraan bersama

melalui beberapa organisasi seperti MSG atau Melanesian Spearhead Group

PIF atau Pacific Islands Forum

dan SWPD atau South West Pacific Dialogue

Selain itu, Indonesia juga menjalin kerja sama antar kawasan

seperti FEALAC atau Forum for East Asia and Latin America Cooperation

dan ASEM yaitu Asia Europe Meeting untuk menjembatani isu-isu antar kawasan

Kerja sama antar kawasan ini juga ada yang terbentuk untuk membahas isu dalam bidang tertentu

seperti CTI-CFF atau the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security

yang fokus kepada kerja sama konservasi dan pengelolaan sumber daya laut di kawasan segitiga terumbu karang

atau APEC, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi

dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan di kawasan asia-pasifik

Selain itu, Indonesia juga aktif menjalin kerjasama dengan organisasi regional di kawasan lain

contohnya seperti perjanjian ekonomi dengan Uni Eropa atau dengan Gulf Cooperation Council

Nah sekarang kita beralih ke kerja sama multilateral

Berbeda dengan kerja sama regional

kerja sama multilateral lebih berfokus kepada isu dan kepentingan global

negara anggota tidak harus berdekatan secara geografis untuk bekerjasama

asalkan sama-sama warga dunia bisa kok!

Biasanya isu-isu yang dibahas dalam kerja sama multilateral adalah hal-hal yang sifatnya mengglobal

Seperti isu keamanan dan perdamaian dunia

pemanasan global, lingkungan hidup, ekonomi

maupun kesehatan seperti penanganan pandemik COVID-19

Melalui kerja sama multilateral ini negara-negara memiliki kesempatan

untuk mengambil langkah bersama untuk permasalahan yang sama-sama dialami warga dunia

Diplomasi multilateral Indonesia mengusung prinsip inklusivitas dan kesetaraan

kerja sama

non-intervensi

perdamaian dunia

serta menegakkan dan menghormati tatanan hukum internasional

Hubungan multilateral ini dilakukan Indonesia melalui sejumlah organisasi internasional

yaitu organisasi-organisasi yang dibentuk masyarakat dunia yang memiliki tujuan yang sama

Indonesia saat ini tergabung dalam 200 organisasi International loh

melalui keanggotaan ini Indonesia berperan aktif dalam isu-isu global

sekaligus menyuarakan kepentingan Indonesia guna menyejahterakan bangsa

salah satu organisasi internasional yang Indonesia menjadi anggota

adalah United Nations atau Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa yang biasa disingkat PBB

Kalian mungkin sudah sering dengar ya mengenai PBB

PBB adalah organisasi internasional terbesar dengan 193 negara anggota

tugas utama PBB adalah menjaga perdamaian dan keamanan dunia

Indonesia bergabung dengan PBB sebagai anggota ke-60 pada 28 September 1950

Hubungan Indonesia dan PBB bisa disebut spesial karena PBB berperan penting

dalam pengakuan kemerdekaan Indonesia oleh dunia di masa itu

Di masa kini, melalui PBB, Indonesia berkontribusi terhadap perdamaian dunia

dengan menjadi peringkat ke-8 terbesar kontributor pasukan perdamaian dunia

Indonesia juga terus memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Palestina

dan menjadi pembangun jembatan pihak-pihak yang berkonflik di Afghanistan

Juga menjaga kedaulatan bangsa dari pihak-pihak yang berusaha mengancam kepentingan Indonesia

Nah, saat ini Indonesia sedang menduduki posisi spesial di PBB

yaitu sebagai anggota tidak tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB tahun 2019-2020

Ikut terlibat dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk isu-isu strategis, utamanya untuk jaga keamanan internasional

Indonesia juga terpilih menjadi anggota Dewan Hak Asasi Manusia PBB tahun 2020-2022

dan anggota Dewan Ekonomi dan Sosial PBB atau ECOSOC periode 2021-2023

Indonesia juga aktif pada lembaga-lembaga khusus dibawah naungan PBB

seperti Badan Pangan dan Pertanian atau FAO

Dana Moneter Internasional atau IMF

Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia atau WHO

dan Organisasi Pendidikan, Keilmuan dan Kebudayaan atau UNESCO dan masih banyak sekali yang lain

Sebagian kecil manfaat langsung dari partisipasi aktif ini contohnya

Indonesia menjadi negara pertama di wilayah Asia Tenggara

yang menjalani uji klinis WHO Solidarity Trial untuk menemukan pengobatan COVID-19

semoga segera ditemukan ya obat dan vaksin COVID-19

atau di UNESCO kita telah berhasil membuat 49 warisan nasional Indonesia diakui oleh UNESCO

seperti batik

wayang

Kapal Phinisi hingga Tambang Ombilin

Nah teman-teman selain PBB, Indonesia juga aktif dalam organisasi internasional lainnya

pokoknya Indonesia kayak mahasiswa yang rajin ikut organisasi deh

contohnya adalah Organisasi Kerja sama Islam atau OKI

yang beranggotakan negara-negara Islam atau mayoritas penduduk Islam

Di OKI prioritas Indonesia adalah kemerdekaan Palestina

promosi Islam sebagai agama yang damai atau rahmatan lil'alamin

dan perlunya semangat persaudaraan Islam dalam mengatasi tantangan global

Dalam bidang ekonomi Indonesia terlibat pada organisasi G-20 dan WTO atau World Trade Organization

Melalui kedua organisasi ini kita berkontribusi dalam menata struktur finansial global

dan mempertahankan kepentingan ekonomi kita seperti akses produk pasar kelapa sawit Indonesia ke Uni Eropa

Salah satu organisasi internasional yang sangat bersejarah untuk Indonesia adalah Gerakan Non-Blok atau GNB

yang lahir dari Konferensi Asia Afrika di Bandung tahun 1955

Kita bahkan punya museum KAA di Bandung sebagai perekam sejarah penting ini loh

nanti jangan lupa main ya teman-teman ke sana

Pada mulanya GNB bertujuan untuk mendukung kemerdekaan nasional dan kedaulatan negara-negara anggotanya

sekarang visi GNB berevolusi untuk saling membantu kemandirian dan kemajuan antar anggotanya

Indonesia salah satu yang sangat aktif dalam memberikan bantuan kerja sama teknis loh

Demikianlah penjelasan mengenai kerja sama regional dan multilateral

intinya keanggotaan Indonesia dalam satu organisasi kawasan

maupun internasional harus dapat menjadi cerminan dari kepentingan nasional Indonesia

dan menjadi jalan untuk mewujudkan kontribusi Indonesia dalam menjaga perdamaian dan kesejahteraan di kawasan dan dunia

Kalau ada yang kamu masih penasaran tinggalkan pertanyaan di kolom komentar

nanti pertanyaanmu akan dijawab oleh teman-teman Diplomat kita

Jangan lupa follow media sosial Kemlu untuk dapat terus mengikuti capaian dan prioritas diplomasi Indonesia

dan tonton video-video kita sebelumnya

Sampai jumpa di episode mendatang ya!

Salam Ini Diplomasi!