What is Commercial Farming? | Agriculture | Class 10 | Geography | CBSE | NCERT | Home Revise

Home Revise

7 Feb 201502:46

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses commercial farming, characterized by the use of high-yielding variety seeds (HYV), chemical fertilizers, and pesticides to increase productivity. It highlights the regional variation in commercialization, with rice being a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab but a subsistence crop in Orissa. Plantation farming, a type of commercial farming, involves growing a single crop over a large area, using capital-intensive inputs and migrant labor. Key plantation crops in India include tea in Assam and coffee in Karnataka. The success of plantations relies on a well-developed transport and communication network linking production areas with processing industries and markets.

Takeaways

🌾 Commercial farming is characterized by the use of high doses of modern inputs like HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides to achieve higher productivity.
📊 The degree of commercialization in agriculture varies by region; for instance, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but a subsistence crop in Orissa.
🌳 Plantation farming involves growing a single crop over a large area, representing an interface between agriculture and industry.
🏭 Plantations are capital-intensive, often covering large tracks of land and employing migrant laborers.
🔗 The crops produced in plantations are used as raw materials in respective industries, emphasizing the connection between agriculture and industrial processing.
📍 In India, important plantation crops include tea in Assam, coffee in Karnataka, rubber, sugarcane, and banana, among others.
🚜 The success of plantations relies on a well-developed network of transport and communication that connects plantation areas with processing industries and markets.
🌱 High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds are a key component in commercial farming, contributing to higher productivity.
🌱 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are widely used in commercial farming to protect crops and enhance yields.
🌐 The commercial nature of crops can shift based on regional demand and agricultural practices, affecting the economic viability of farming operations.

Q & A

What is the main characteristic of commercial farming?
-The main characteristic of commercial farming is the use of higher doses of motor inputs such as high-yielding variety seeds (HYV), chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides to achieve higher productivity.
What is the role of commercialization in agriculture?
-The degree of commercialization in agriculture varies from one region to another, determining whether crops like rice are grown for commercial purposes in some areas, such as Haryana and Punjab, or for subsistence in others like Orissa.
What is the difference between commercial and subsistence crops?
-Commercial crops are grown primarily for sale and profit, while subsistence crops are grown for the farmer's own consumption and not typically sold.
What is plantation farming and how does it relate to commercial farming?
-Plantation farming is a type of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large area. It involves capital-intensive inputs and often relies on migrant laborers, with the produce being used as raw material in related industries.
Why is a well-developed network of transport and communication important for plantation farming?
-A well-developed network of transport and communication is crucial for plantation farming as it connects the plantation areas with processing industries and markets, facilitating the efficient movement of the produce to its end use.
What are some examples of important plantation crops grown in India?
-Some important plantation crops grown in India include tea in Assam, coffee in Karnataka, rubber, sugarcane, and banana, which are cultivated in specific regions due to their suitability and market demand.
How does the use of high-yielding variety seeds (HYV) contribute to commercial farming?
-High-yielding variety seeds (HYV) contribute to commercial farming by increasing the productivity and yield of crops, which is essential for meeting the demands of commercial markets.
What is the significance of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in commercial farming?
-Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are significant in commercial farming as they enhance crop growth, protect against pests and diseases, and ultimately contribute to higher yields and profits.
How does the scale of commercial farming differ from traditional farming practices?
-Commercial farming typically involves larger scales of production, more capital-intensive inputs, and a focus on market-oriented crops, whereas traditional farming practices often involve smaller, more diverse plots with less reliance on external inputs.
What is the role of migrant laborers in plantation farming?
-Migrant laborers play a vital role in plantation farming by providing the necessary workforce for the cultivation, maintenance, and harvesting of crops on large plantations.
Why is the interface between agriculture and industry important in plantation farming?
-The interface between agriculture and industry in plantation farming is important as it ensures a direct supply chain from the production of raw materials to their processing and eventual sale in the market, optimizing efficiency and profitability.

Outlines

00:00

🌾 Commercial and Plantation Farming

This paragraph discusses the characteristics of commercial farming, which involves the use of high doses of motor inputs such as high-yielding variety seeds (HYV), chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides to achieve higher productivity. The degree of commercialization in agriculture varies by region, with examples given for rice being a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but a subsistence crop in Orissa. Plantation farming is also highlighted as a type of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large scale. Plantations are capital-intensive, often requiring migrant laborers and are closely linked to industries as they provide raw materials. In India, crops like tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, and banana are significant in plantations, with specific regions like Assam and North Bengal mentioned for tea and coffee cultivation. The development of plantations is dependent on a well-developed network of transport and communication that connects the plantation areas with processing industries and markets.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Commercial farming

Commercial farming refers to the practice of producing agricultural products primarily for sale in the market rather than for personal consumption. It is characterized by the use of high-yielding variety seeds, chemical fertilizers, and other intensive inputs to maximize productivity. In the video, commercial farming is contrasted with subsistence farming and is exemplified by the cultivation of crops like rice in certain regions where it is grown for market sale.

💡High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds

HYV seeds are specially bred to produce higher crop yields compared to traditional varieties. They are a key component in commercial farming, as they are designed to respond well to modern agricultural practices such as the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The script mentions HYV seeds as an example of the type of inputs used to increase productivity in commercial farming.

💡Chemical fertilizers

Chemical fertilizers are substances used to enhance the fertility of the soil and increase plant growth. They are an integral part of commercial farming, where the goal is to maximize output. The video script discusses the use of chemical fertilizers as one of the higher doses of inputs employed in commercial farming to achieve higher productivity.

💡Insecticides and pesticides

Insecticides and pesticides are chemicals used to control pests and diseases that can damage crops. They are mentioned in the script as part of the intensive input strategy in commercial farming, where they help protect crops from damage, thereby contributing to higher yields and productivity.

💡Commercialization of Agriculture

The commercialization of agriculture refers to the shift from producing food for local consumption to producing crops for sale in the market. The degree of commercialization varies by region, as highlighted in the script with the example of rice being a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab but a subsistence crop in Orissa.

💡Subsistence farming

Subsistence farming is a type of agriculture primarily aimed at meeting the food needs of the farmer and their family rather than producing for the market. It is contrasted with commercial farming in the script, where the focus is on self-sufficiency rather than market-oriented production.

💡Plantation farming

Plantation farming is a specialized form of commercial agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large scale. The script describes plantations as having an interface between agriculture and industry, with large tracks of land being cultivated using capital-intensive inputs and migrant laborers. Examples from the script include coffee, rubber, sugarcane, and banana plantations in India.

💡Capital-intensive inputs

Capital-intensive inputs refer to the use of significant capital, such as machinery, technology, and infrastructure, in the production process. The script mentions that plantation farming involves capital-intensive inputs, which include the use of large-scale equipment and facilities to cultivate crops on a massive scale.

💡Migrant laborers

Migrant laborers are workers who move from one place to another to find employment, often in response to seasonal demands for labor. In the context of the script, migrant laborers are mentioned as being employed in plantation farming to work on large-scale crop cultivation.

💡Processing Industries

Processing industries are businesses that convert raw materials into finished goods. The script discusses the importance of a well-developed network of transport and communication that connects plantation areas with processing industries, which is crucial for the development of plantation farming as the crops are used as raw materials.

💡Market-oriented production

Market-oriented production is the cultivation of crops with the primary goal of selling them in the market rather than for personal consumption. The script emphasizes that since plantation crops are produced mainly for the market, the development of a robust network connecting the plantation areas to processing industries and markets is essential for the success of plantation farming.

Highlights

Commercial farming is characterized by the use of higher doses of motor inputs.

High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds are commonly used in commercial farming.

Chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides are key inputs for higher productivity.

The commercialization degree of agriculture varies by region.

Rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but a subsistence crop in Orissa.

Plantation farming involves growing a single crop on a large scale.

Plantations are an interface between agriculture and industry.

Capital-intensive inputs and migrant laborers are used in plantation farming.

Plantation crops serve as raw materials for various industries.

In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, and banana are important plantation crops.

Tea plantations in Assam and North Bengal are significant.

Coffee plantations in Karnataka are a notable example.

Production in plantations is primarily for the market.

A well-developed transport and communication network is crucial for plantation development.

Processing industries and markets are connected to plantation areas for efficient production.