History of Tourism in the World? What is evolution of Tourism?

Hotel Training Videos by Praveen Jha

21 Jun 201819:21

Summary

TLDRThis video script delves into the rich history of global tourism, with a spotlight on Europe and America. It traces the evolution from early trade and currency to modern hospitality, highlighting key civilizations like the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Romans. The script underscores the pivotal role of inventions in facilitating travel and the significant contributions of various cultures to tourism and hospitality. It also touches on the impact of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of American entrepreneurs in shaping the modern hospitality industry, concluding with the legacy of Thomas Cook, often hailed as the father of modern tourism.

Takeaways

🌏 The history of tourism, especially in Europe and America, has seen significant evolution and development over time.
🏨 Europe is recognized as the birthplace of the hotel industry, while America is known for its innovative and successful experiments in hospitality.
🛣️ The invention of the wheel and currency greatly facilitated travel, making it easier for people to visit distant places.
🏛️ Prominent civilizations such as the Babylonians, Sumerians, Egyptians, Mesopotamians, Romans, Phoenicians, Greeks, Chinese, Polynesians, Europeans, Persians, and Arabs have all contributed to the growth of tourism and hospitality.
🛤️ The Romans were instrumental in developing stone-paved roads for military use, which later became crucial for travel and tourism.
🚣 The Chinese had ministers for travel as early as 4,000 years ago, and Polynesians used small dugout canoes to travel from Southeast Asia.
🏞️ The periodization of tourism includes the ancient period, imperial and pilgrimage period, grand tour period, transition period after World War II, and the modern period.
🏰 The Grand Tour era (1763-1773) was a significant time for tourism in Europe, with Italy emerging as an intellectual capital and the elite traveling for education and culture.
🏙️ The industrial revolution brought about inventions like steam ships and trains, which shifted the focus of travel from pilgrimage to business and education.
🏢 American entrepreneurs revolutionized the hotel industry post-World War II with technological and architectural innovations, as well as aggressive marketing strategies.
🧳 Thomas Cook is considered the father of modern tourism, organizing the first inclusive tour to Paris in 1855 and introducing hotel vouchers and circular notes to simplify travel.

Q & A

What is the definition of 'evolution' in the context of tourism?
-Evolution in the context of tourism refers to the gradual development and change in the tourism industry over time, including the improvement of travel facilities, services, and the overall experience for travelers.
How did the invention of will and currency impact tourism?
-The invention of will and currency made traveling easier by providing a standardized and convenient way to exchange goods and services, which in turn helped more people to visit far away places.
Why is Europe considered the birthplace of the hotel industry?
-Europe is considered the birthplace of the hotel industry because it was there where the concept of lodging establishments for travelers began to take shape, with the emergence of early forms of inns and hostelries.
In what ways did America contribute to the growth of the hotel industry?
-America contributed to the growth of the hotel industry through enterprising risk-takers who experimented with new ideas, leading to technological and architectural innovations, as well as aggressive marketing and business promotions.
What is the significance of the Babylonians and Sumerians in the history of tourism?
-The Babylonians and Sumerians are significant in the history of tourism because they were among the first to create money and engage in trade, which facilitated the movement of goods and people, laying the groundwork for travel and tourism.
How did the Egyptians contribute to the development of tourism?
-The Egyptians contributed to the development of tourism by organizing the first cruises and promoting travel for celebrations and festivals, which attracted visitors and encouraged the exchange of cultures.
What role did the Romans play in shaping modern travel?
-The Romans played a significant role in shaping modern travel by developing extensive stone-paved roads for military and civilian use, which facilitated the movement of people and goods, and contributed to the growth of trade and tourism.
Why were the Phoenicians important in the context of tourism and hospitality?
-The Phoenicians were important in the context of tourism and hospitality because they established a network of trading posts around the Mediterranean, which included water transport and the development of infrastructure that supported travel and trade.
How did the Chinese contribute to the early development of tourism?
-The Chinese contributed to the early development of tourism by having ministers for travel as early as 4,000 years ago, indicating a formalized approach to managing and facilitating travel within their empire.
What is the significance of the Grand Tour in the history of tourism?
-The Grand Tour was significant in the history of tourism as it represented a period when travel for educational and cultural purposes became popular among the European elite, leading to the development of hospitality services and the establishment of prominent hotels.
Who is considered the father of modern tourism and what was his contribution?
-Thomas Cook is considered the father of modern tourism. His contribution includes organizing the first inclusive tour packages, introducing hotel vouchers and circular notes, making travel easier and more accessible.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Evolution of Tourism and Hospitality

This paragraph traces the history of tourism, particularly in Europe and America, highlighting the evolution and development of travel and hospitality. It discusses the concept of evolution as a gradual process and the invention of the wheel and currency that facilitated travel. The paragraph emphasizes Europe as the cradle of the hotel industry, while America is noted for its innovative approaches. It also summarizes key phases in the growth of the hotel industry and the historical contributions of various civilizations to tourism, including the Babylonians, Sumerians, Egyptians, Mesopotamians, Romans, Phoenicians, Greeks, Chinese, Polynesians, Europeans, Persians, and Arabs. Each civilization is credited with specific contributions, such as the creation of money and trade, the organization of the first cruises, and the development of roads and water transport.

05:01

🏛️ Ancient Hospitality and Travel

Paragraph 2 delves into the commercial hospitality activities that predated the 4th century BC, including the travels of Buddhists and Christian missionaries. It discusses the discovery of the Silk Route and the ancient lodging establishments in Corinth, Greece. The Roman Empire's construction of all-weather roads and the subsequent rise of lodging establishments called 'mansions' are also covered. The paragraph further explores the travel and hospitality practices during the Empire era, including the Egyptians' travel for business and pleasure, the Persians' initial military use of travel that later transformed for civilian purposes, and the Greeks' role in shaping modern-day travel with their focus on pleasure travel, currency exchange, and communication. The Roman Empire's development of travel is also highlighted, reflecting the prosperity of the middle class who had the means to travel.

10:02

🏰 Aristocracy and the Grand Tour

This paragraph introduces the concept of aristocracy and its influence on travel during the Renaissance and Grand Tour era (1763-1773). It describes the Grand Tour as an essential journey for young men of good birth and fortune to visit major European cities. The main travelers during this time were diplomats, businessmen, and scholars, with the Grand Tour also being popular among the aristocracy. The paragraph lists prominent hotels of the Grand Tour era and discusses the modern period's technological advancements in transportation and hospitality, such as funiculars, ropeways, jet airlines, bullet trains, and luxury cars. It also touches on the American story in hospitality, detailing the innovations and marketing skills of American entrepreneurs that changed the hotel trade, and mentions the impact of the Great Depression and the recovery after the Second World War.

15:04

🚂 Modern Tourism and the Legacy of Thomas Cook

Paragraph 4 focuses on the modern period of tourism, post-Second World War, characterized by significant technological advancements in transport and hospitality facilities. It discusses the American entrepreneurs who revolutionized the hotel industry with their innovations. The paragraph also covers the impact of the Great Depression on the hospitality business and the slow recovery post-World War II. A significant part of the paragraph is dedicated to Thomas Cook, who is considered the father of modern tourism. It details his first organized trip, his role as an agent for buying tickets in bulk, and his introduction of packaged tours and hotel vouchers, making travel more accessible. The paragraph concludes with a summary of tourism's development and a teaser for the next session.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Tourism Evolution

Tourism evolution refers to the gradual development and changes in the tourism industry over time. In the context of the video, it highlights the historical progression of tourism, from its earliest forms to the modern industry. The script discusses how the invention of the wheel and currency made traveling easier, thus contributing to the evolution of tourism.

💡Hospitality

Hospitality is the act of receiving or entertaining guests, particularly in a warm, friendly, and generous manner. The video emphasizes the emergence of hospitality alongside the growth of tourism, noting how it has kept pace with the industry's development. Hospitality is exemplified by the establishment of lodging places like 'mansions' along the ancient Roman roads.

💡Invention of Wheel

The invention of the wheel is a pivotal moment in human history that revolutionized transportation. The video script mentions the wheel as a significant factor that made traveling easier and, by extension, facilitated the growth of tourism by allowing for more efficient movement of people and goods.

💡Currency

Currency is a medium of exchange, such as money, that is widely accepted in transactions. The script points out that the invention of currency was crucial for the development of tourism as it simplified trade and commerce, enabling travelers to exchange goods and services more easily.

💡Grand Tour

The Grand Tour was a traditional trip through Europe undertaken by mainly upper-class young men during the 17th to 19th centuries. The video discusses the Grand Tour as an important phase in the growth of the hotel industry and tourism, where it served as an essential part of education for the aristocracy and was a significant opportunity for the hospitality business.

💡Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution marked a period of major industrialization and modernization that began in Britain in the late 18th century. The video script connects the Industrial Revolution to the transition period in tourism, noting how inventions like steam ships and railways transformed travel and tourism, making it more accessible to the masses.

💡Aristocracy

Aristocracy refers to a class of persons holding exceptional rank and privileges, typically by birth. In the video, the term is used to describe the wealthy and powerful travelers who participated in the Grand Tour, highlighting how the hospitality industry catered to this elite group, thus contributing to its growth and prosperity.

💡Thomas Cook

Thomas Cook is recognized as the father of modern tourism. The video script details his contributions, such as organizing the first inclusive tour and introducing hotel vouchers, which made travel more accessible and organized. His innovative approach to tourism laid the groundwork for the industry's development.

💡Dark Ages

The Dark Ages, also known as the Early Middle Ages, was a period in European history characterized by cultural and economic decline. The video mentions the Dark Ages as a time when travel was primarily for the adventurous and not for pleasure, indicating a significant shift from earlier periods when travel for business and pleasure was more common.

💡Renaissance

The Renaissance was a period of cultural, artistic, intellectual, and economic revival that began in Italy in the 14th century and spread throughout Europe. The video script highlights the Renaissance as a time when Italy became an intellectual capital, contributing to the Grand Tour and the overall development of tourism and hospitality.

💡World War II

World War II was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The video discusses the impact of World War II on tourism, noting that the period after the war marked a significant transition in the industry. The post-war era saw the development of modern transportation and hospitality facilities, which greatly influenced the growth of tourism.

Highlights

The evolution of tourism is characterized by a gradual development, with the invention of the wheel and currency making travel easier.

Europe is recognized as the birthplace of the hotel industry, with America being a hub for innovation and risk-taking in hospitality.

Important phases in the growth of the hotel industry in Europe and America are marked by significant advancements and experiments.

Prominent civilizations that promoted tourism and hospitality include Babylonians, Sumerians, Egyptians, Mesopotamians, Romans, Phoenicians, Greeks, Chinese, Polynesians, Europeans, Persians, and Arabs.

The Babylonians and Sumerians are noted for the creation of money and trade, which facilitated travel.

Egyptians organized the first cruises and used pyramids for celebrations, contributing to early forms of tourism.

Mesopotamians utilized early roads, primarily dirt paths, to enhance connectivity and travel.

Romans developed stone-paved roads for military use, which later became vital for civilian travel and tourism.

Phoenicians mastered maritime trade and established a network of trading posts around the Mediterranean.

Greeks improved upon Phoenician maritime trade, introducing more advanced ships and carrying passengers for profit.

Chinese civilization had ministers for travel as early as 4,000 years ago, indicating early governmental support for tourism.

Polynesians used small dugout canoes to travel vast distances, showcasing early seafaring and exploration.

The fall of Rome led to a decline in travel and tourism during the Dark Ages, with only the most adventurous undertaking journeys.

The Crusades marked the end of the Dark Ages, with pilgrimages becoming a popular form of travel.

The concept of an ancient passport emerged in 1388, with permits for pilgrimages being required, indicating early travel regulations.

The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in travel with the invention of steam ships, railways, and other mechanized transport.

Switzerland and Britain were leaders in hospitality during the 18th and 19th centuries, offering high-quality inns and chalets.

The Grand Tour era (1763-1773) saw a rise in travel for education and cultural enrichment, particularly in Italy and other European cities.

American entrepreneurs revolutionized the hotel industry post-World War II with innovative technologies and marketing strategies.

Thomas Cook is considered the father of modern tourism, organizing the first inclusive tour and introducing hotel vouchers and circular notes.

The modern period of tourism is characterized by technological advancements in transport and accommodations, such as jet airlines and five-star hotels.