Клавиатура в Телеграм Ботах - Inline Reply и Builder на AIOGRAM 3.4 | 4 УРОК

$ sudo teach IT ⚙️

27 Feb 202415:38

Summary

TLDRThis video tutorial guides viewers through creating Telegram bots using the aiogram library, focusing on the development of two types of keyboards: Reply and Inline. The script explains the differences between these keyboards, their functions, and how to implement them in a bot. It demonstrates creating a Reply keyboard with dynamic buttons and an Inline keyboard with URL links. The tutorial also touches on using the Builder for generating keyboards dynamically based on data, such as a list of car brands, and emphasizes the importance of the 'Reply markup' method for attaching keyboards to messages.

Takeaways

😀 The lesson focuses on creating Telegram bots using aiogram, specifically discussing the creation of Reply and Inline keyboards.
🔑 There are two types of keyboards in Telegram bots: Reply (appears at the bottom instead of the usual phone keyboard) and Inline (buttons attached to a message).
🛠️ The script demonstrates creating a Reply keyboard by importing necessary modules and constructing a keyboard with buttons programmatically.
📲 The script also shows how to add a Reply keyboard to a message handler in the bot using the 'Reply markup' argument.
🔗 Inline keyboards are different in that they do not send content to the chat but perform actions or request additional data like location or contact.
💡 Inline keyboards can also open links or web applications embedded in Telegram, offering interactive elements within the chat.
🛠️ The script explains how to create Inline keyboards by adding URL or other required elements and using the 'Inline Keyboard' notation.
🔧 The lesson touches on using the 'Builder' feature for creating dynamic keyboards based on data, such as a list of car brands from a database.
🔄 The script demonstrates how to use the 'Keyboard Builder' to dynamically generate keyboard buttons from a list of items, such as car models.
📝 The lesson concludes with a reminder to always include additional parameters like 'resize' or 'Input Field placeholder' when creating keyboards for better user experience.

Q & A

What are the two types of keyboards mentioned in the script for Telegram bots?
-The two types of keyboards mentioned are 'Reply' keyboards and 'Inline' keyboards. 'Reply' keyboards appear at the bottom of the screen instead of the usual phone keyboard, while 'Inline' keyboards are buttons attached to a message.
How do 'Reply' and 'Inline' keyboards differ in functionality?
-'Reply' keyboards send their content directly into the chat when a button is pressed, whereas 'Inline' keyboards do not send anything to the chat but perform actions such as sending a request to a server or opening a link or web application within Telegram.
What is the purpose of using 'Inline' keyboards in Telegram bots?
-The purpose of using 'Inline' keyboards is to perform actions without sending content directly to the chat, such as sending a callback to the server, opening a link, or interacting with web applications without the user leaving the chat interface.
How can one create a 'Reply' keyboard in a Telegram bot using aiogram?
-To create a 'Reply' keyboard in aiogram, one must import 'ReplyKeyboardMarkup' and 'KeyboardButton' from 'aiogram.types', create a 'Keyboard' object, add 'KeyboardButton' objects to it, and then set it as the 'reply_markup' in the message.
What is the significance of the 'resize_keyboard' parameter in 'Reply' keyboards?
-The 'resize_keyboard' parameter is used to allow the user to resize the keyboard on their device. It can be set to 'True' to enable resizing or 'False' to keep the keyboard at a fixed size.
How can one add a placeholder to a 'Reply' keyboard button?
-A placeholder can be added to a 'Reply' keyboard button using the 'input_field_placeholder' parameter, which sets the placeholder text that appears on the button.
What is the difference between creating a 'Reply' keyboard and an 'Inline' keyboard in aiogram?
-The main difference is that 'Inline' keyboards require a URL or a callback to be associated with each button, whereas 'Reply' keyboards do not. 'Inline' keyboards are created using 'InlineKeyboardButton' and are attached to a message using the 'reply_markup' parameter with 'InlineKeyboardMarkup'.
Why might one use a 'Builder' when creating 'Inline' keyboards?
-A 'Builder' is used when the content of the keyboard is dynamic, such as when it's based on data retrieved from a database. It allows for the creation of a keyboard with a variable number of buttons without hardcoding the buttons in the code.
How can one create an 'Inline' keyboard dynamically using a 'Builder' in aiogram?
-To create an 'Inline' keyboard dynamically, one can use 'InlineKeyboardBuilder' and loop through the data to add 'InlineKeyboardButton' objects with the necessary URL or callback. The 'build' method is then called to finalize the keyboard, which can be set as the 'reply_markup'.
What additional parameters can be set for 'Inline' keyboard buttons?
-Additional parameters for 'Inline' keyboard buttons include 'url' for opening a link, 'callback_data' for sending data to the server, 'switch_inline_query' for prompting the user to switch to another inline query, and 'web_app' for opening a web application.
How can one edit an existing 'Inline' keyboard in a Telegram bot?
-An existing 'Inline' keyboard can be edited using methods like 'edit_message_reply_markup' with the updated 'InlineKeyboardMarkup'. This allows for dynamic changes to the keyboard based on user interactions or other events.

Outlines

00:00

🤖 Introduction to Telegram Bots and Keyboards

This paragraph introduces the fourth lesson on creating Telegram bots using aiogram, focusing on the creation of two types of keyboards: Reply (rep) and Inline. It explains the visual and functional differences between these keyboards, using an AI-powered bot as an example. The bot showcases a message with both Inline and Reply buttons, demonstrating their distinct functionalities. The lesson then transitions into creating these keyboards, starting with Reply keyboards, which are simpler to create. It guides through the process of creating a keyboard using aiogram, including importing necessary modules and defining the keyboard and buttons within Python code.

05:02

🔧 Customizing Reply Keyboards and Exploring Inline Keyboards

The second paragraph delves into customizing Reply keyboards, discussing the use of additional arguments such as 'resize_keyboard' and 'input_field_placeholder' to modify the keyboard's appearance and behavior. It contrasts the use of large buttons in certain bots, like gaming bots, with the more typical use in catalog or shopping bots. The paragraph then moves on to creating Inline keyboards, emphasizing the necessity of including a URL or other required elements. It also touches on the limitations of attaching multiple keyboards to a single message and introduces the concept of using handlers to manage keyboard interactions.

10:04

🛠 Building Dynamic Keyboards with a Builder

This section introduces the concept of using a 'Builder' for creating dynamic keyboards based on data, such as a list of car brands retrieved from a database. It demonstrates how to use the 'Keyboard' and 'KeyboardButton' classes from aiogram to dynamically generate keyboard buttons based on the data. The paragraph explains the process of creating an asynchronous function to handle dynamic data, looping through a list of items (like car brands) and adding them as buttons to the keyboard. It also covers the importance of using 'reply_markup' when attaching the keyboard to a message and provides a practical example of how to implement this in a Telegram bot.

15:05

🌐 Closing Remarks and Learning Resources

The final paragraph serves as a conclusion to the lesson, inviting viewers to explore further learning resources on Python, aiogram, and SQL through courses available on the provided website. It emphasizes the author's commitment to supporting learners through exclusive chat and answering questions. The paragraph ends with a call to action for viewers to like, subscribe, and leave comments for further engagement and to stay tuned for the next lesson.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Telegram Bot

A Telegram Bot is an automated program that operates within the Telegram messaging platform. It can send messages, respond to commands, and perform various tasks. In the video, the creation of a Telegram bot is the central theme, focusing on how to develop it using the aiogram library to interact with users through different types of keyboards.

💡aiogram

Aiogram is a Python library used for building Telegram bots. It simplifies the process of interacting with the Telegram Bot API. The video script describes how to use aiogram to create a bot with different keyboard functionalities, demonstrating its practical application in bot development.

💡Inline Keyboard

An Inline Keyboard in Telegram bots is a type of keyboard that appears directly under a message and allows users to interact with the bot through buttons. These buttons can be used to trigger different actions or to navigate through the bot's features. The script explains how to create an Inline Keyboard and attach it to a message, which is a key aspect of user interaction in bots.

💡Reply Keyboard

A Reply Keyboard, also known as a 'rep' keyboard, is a type of keyboard that appears at the bottom of the screen, replacing the standard phone keyboard when a user is interacting with a bot. The script mentions creating a Reply Keyboard with specific buttons, which is used to send predefined messages to the chat.

💡Callback

In the context of Telegram bots, a callback refers to a function or action that is triggered when a user interacts with an Inline Keyboard button. The script discusses how a callback is sent to the server when an Inline button is pressed, and the server then processes this callback to perform a specific action or return a response.

💡Inline Keyboard Button

Inline Keyboard Buttons are the individual buttons within an Inline Keyboard. They can be configured to perform various actions such as opening a link, displaying a callback, or requesting user data like location or contact information. The video script provides an example of creating Inline Keyboard Buttons and attaching them to a message.

💡Builder

The Builder in the context of the video refers to a tool or method used to dynamically create keyboards based on data, such as a list of items from a database. The script explains how to use a Builder to create a Reply Keyboard dynamically, which is useful when the bot needs to present a variable set of options to the user.

💡Keyboard Button

A Keyboard Button is an element of both Reply and Inline Keyboards used in Telegram bots. It can be configured with text and additional parameters to define its appearance and behavior. The script describes the process of creating Keyboard Buttons and adding them to a keyboard within a bot.

💡Web Application

In the script, a Web Application refers to an external application that can be accessed through a link or URL. Inline Keyboard Buttons can be set up to open web applications, allowing users to interact with external services directly from the bot. This is mentioned as one of the functionalities that can be achieved with Inline Keyboard Buttons.

💡Resize Keyboard

The term 'Resize Keyboard' in the script refers to an option that can be set when creating a Reply Keyboard to control the size of the keyboard. The script mentions using the 'resize_keyboard' parameter to make the keyboard smaller, which affects the layout and user experience on mobile devices.

💡Input Field Placeholder

An Input Field Placeholder is a feature used in Reply Keyboards to provide a hint or example text within an input field. The script explains how to use the 'input_field_placeholder' parameter to set a placeholder text, which can guide users on what to input, enhancing the user interface of the bot.

Highlights

Introduction to creating Telegram bots using aiogram, focusing on the fourth lesson about creating keyboards.

Explanation of two types of keyboards in Telegram bots: Reply keyboards and Inline keyboards.

Demonstration of a bot with AI showcasing both types of keyboards with their visual and functional differences.

Tutorial on creating a Reply keyboard using aiogram by importing necessary modules and creating a keyboard layout.

Adding buttons to the Reply keyboard and adjusting their placement in rows.

Integration of the Reply keyboard into a bot's handlers and setting up the Reply markup.

Testing the bot to see the created Reply keyboard in action.

Addressing the issue of large button sizes in Telegram and how to adjust them using the 'resize_keyboard' parameter.

Introduction to Inline keyboards and the requirement of adding a URL or callback to the buttons.

Creating an Inline keyboard by adding URL links to the buttons and setting up the Inline keyboard markup.

Limitation of attaching only one keyboard per message and the need to send multiple messages for different keyboards.

Exploring the use of the Builder for creating dynamic keyboards based on data from a database.

Tutorial on using the Builder to create an Inline keyboard dynamically with car brands as an example.

Explanation of how to handle asynchronous functions when creating keyboards with Builders.

Testing the dynamic Inline keyboard with car brands and demonstrating its real-time update feature.

Highlighting the importance of the 'markup' parameter when creating keyboards in aiogram.

Promotion of the author's courses on Python, aiogram, and SQL for further learning.

Encouragement for viewers to like, subscribe, and comment on the video for more useful content.