Hijau di Kalimantan: Pohonnya Ditebang, Hutannya Dibabat | Narasi Explains

Summary

The video script discusses the severe impact of deforestation in West and Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, which has led to devastating floods affecting nearly 100,000 people. It highlights deforestation as a key cause, driven by the expansion of oil palm plantations and mining, resulting in significant carbon emissions and contributing to climate change. The script also touches on historical exploitation of Kalimantan's forests since the colonial era, the failure of the 2011 moratorium to effectively curb deforestation, and the ongoing challenges despite policies aimed at controlling it. The script concludes with the urgent need for better policy utilization and infrastructure development that considers environmental sustainability.

Takeaways

• 🌧️ In October 2021, West Kalimantan faced severe flooding, affecting nearly 100,000 people across several districts.
• 🌳 Deforestation is a significant cause of the recurring floods in Kalimantan, with forests being cleared for oil palm plantations and mining, leading to the loss of natural coverage.
• 🌿 The script highlights that deforestation in Kalimantan is a long-standing issue, with historical exploitation dating back to the colonial era and intensifying during the New Order regime under Soeharto.
• 📉 The consequences of deforestation are not limited to floods; they also include significant carbon emissions, exacerbating the climate crisis.
• 🌍 Indonesia, particularly Kalimantan, is a major contributor to global carbon emissions due to deforestation, ranking third after the United States and China.
• 🔥 Deforestation contributes to increased risk of forest fires, which not only release carbon dioxide but also potent methane gas, 21 times more harmful than carbon dioxide.
• 🌡️ The script mentions that from 2002 to 2021, Indonesia lost 28.6 million hectares of forested area, which equates to 19.6 gigatons of carbon emissions.
• 🌡️ The loss of forests in West Kalimantan alone resulted in the equivalent of 2.43 gigatons of carbon emissions, highlighting the region's significant impact on global emissions.
• 🌱 The government has implemented a moratorium on deforestation since 2011, claiming it has helped reduce deforestation rates in Kalimantan.
• ⛏️ Despite the moratorium, deforestation threats persist, with ongoing infrastructure development and the expansion of oil palm plantations continuing to encroach on forest lands.

Q & A

What was the impact of the floods in West Kalimantan in October 2021?

The floods in West Kalimantan in October 2021 lasted for about two weeks, affecting nearly 100,000 people across several districts.

What is a common factor contributing to the floods in both West and Central Kalimantan?

Deforestation, particularly for the opening of land for palm oil plantations and mining, is a common factor contributing to the floods in both regions.

How does deforestation affect the climate in Kalimantan?

Deforestation leads to the release of carbon stored in forests into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change and increasing temperatures.

What is the historical context of forest exploitation in Kalimantan?

Forest exploitation in Kalimantan dates back to colonial times, with the most aggressive phase occurring during the New Order regime under President Suharto, where vast areas of forests were cleared.

What were the consequences of the forest exploitation during the 1970s in Kalimantan?

During the 1970s, a significant portion of Kalimantan's forests were turned into concessions for timber companies, with wood becoming the second-largest export commodity after oil.

How much of Kalimantan's tropical rainforest was lost between 1973 and 2010?

Approximately 30% of Kalimantan's total tropical rainforest area was lost between 1973 and 2010, amounting to 123,941 km2.

What is the role of tropical forests in global carbon emissions?

Tropical forests contribute about 20% of the total greenhouse gas emissions, with Indonesia being the third-largest emitter after the United States and China.

What are the effects of deforestation and carbon emissions on the local temperature in Kalimantan?

Deforestation and carbon emissions have led to an increase in local daily temperatures by about 0.95 degrees Celsius, which in turn affects the health of residents and worker safety in the area.

What is the government's policy to control deforestation in Kalimantan?

The Indonesian government implemented a moratorium on forest clearing in Kalimantan since 2011, claiming it has helped reduce deforestation rates.

What is the role of palm oil plantations in carbon emissions in Kalimantan?

Palm oil plantations contribute significantly to carbon emissions in Kalimantan, accounting for 18-20% of the total carbon emissions in Indonesia.

What is the current threat to forests in Kalimantan despite the moratorium?

Despite the moratorium, deforestation threats persist due to ongoing infrastructure development projects, as emphasized by the environment minister.