Setembro Amarelo: precisamos falar para prevenir! - Parte 2

Gabriela Affonso

23 Sept 202109:19

Summary

TLDRThis video script discusses crucial risk factors for suicide, emphasizing the significance of prior suicide attempts and mental disorders like depression and bipolar disorder. It highlights the importance of timely intervention and access to mental health treatment, noting that many who die by suicide had not consulted a mental health professional. The script also touches on protective factors like social support and self-esteem, and stresses the need for societal awareness and integrated healthcare systems to prevent suicide. It concludes with a call to action for promoting mental health and providing support through community groups and helplines.

Takeaways

🔍 The video discusses the importance of suicide prevention, focusing on risk factors and the significance of early intervention.
⚠️ A previous suicide attempt is the most significant predictive factor, with individuals who have attempted suicide being 5 to 6 times more likely to attempt again.
🌟 Mental disorders, particularly mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, are the most common risk factors, accounting for 35.8% of cases.
💊 Substance abuse disorder and schizophrenia are also significant risk factors, contributing to 22.4% and 10-6% of cases respectively.
👥 The presence of multiple psychiatric comorbidities increases the risk, highlighting the importance of comprehensive mental health treatment.
🤔 Despair and impulsivity are important risk factors, especially among the youth, and can lead to increased substance use and suicidal behavior.
👴 Age is a significant risk factor, with higher rates of suicide among the young and the elderly, each facing unique challenges and stressors.
🚹 The gender disparity in suicide is evident, with three times more male deaths by suicide, possibly linked to societal roles and help-seeking behaviors.
🏥 Clinical non-psychiatric illnesses such as cancer and neurological diseases also contribute to suicide risk, often compounded by psychiatric symptoms.
🤝 Social support and strong community ties act as protective factors, reducing the risk of suicide by providing a network of care and resources.
🏥 The video emphasizes the critical role of healthcare in suicide prevention, including the need for integrated health systems to identify and treat at-risk individuals.

Q & A

What are the two main risk factors for suicide mentioned in the script?
-The two main risk factors for suicide mentioned are a previous suicide attempt and having a mental disorder, with the most significant being depression and bipolar disorder.
Why is a previous suicide attempt considered the most important predictive factor for future attempts?
-Individuals who have already attempted suicide are estimated to have 5 to 6 times more chances of trying again, and about 50% of people who die by suicide have had a previous attempt.
What is the significance of mental disorders in suicide cases?
-Mental disorders, particularly mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, account for 35.8% of suicide cases, highlighting the importance of proper mental health treatment and awareness.
How do substance abuse disorders relate to suicide risk?
-Substance abuse disorders contribute to 22.4% of suicide cases, indicating the importance of addressing substance use in suicide prevention efforts.
What is the role of impulsivity in suicide risk, especially among young people?
-Impulsivity is a significant risk factor, particularly among young people, as it can increase the risk of substance use, which in turn is a predictive factor for suicide.
Why is hopelessness considered an important factor in suicide risk?
-Hopelessness, which does not necessarily require a person to be in a depressive state, can be a compromising factor as it represents a lack of perspective and a hopeful view of life or the future.
How do age and gender influence suicide rates?
-Suicide rates are higher among the young and the elderly, with young people ranking suicide as the third leading cause of death in their age group. Men are three times more likely to die by suicide, while women are three times more likely to attempt it.
What are some non-psychiatric clinical conditions that can increase suicide risk?
-Non-psychiatric clinical conditions such as cancer, HIV, and neurological diseases can increase suicide risk, especially when combined with psychiatric symptoms.
How do adverse childhood events impact suicide risk?
-Adverse childhood events like neglect, abuse, and a history of physical or sexual abuse can contribute to increased suicide risk in later life.
What are some protective factors that can reduce suicide risk?
-Protective factors include high self-esteem, strong family support, established social bonds, religiosity, and having reasons for living, which can counterbalance the risk factors discussed.
Why is it crucial for healthcare systems to integrate mental health into primary and secondary care?
-Eighty percent of people who die by suicide had visited a healthcare professional within a month of their death, emphasizing the need for integrated healthcare systems to identify and address mental health issues.
What role can community-based initiatives play in suicide prevention?
-Community-based initiatives like self-help groups, school programs, and campaigns can promote mental health and provide support networks, which are crucial in suicide prevention.

Outlines

00:00

🔍 Understanding Suicide Risk Factors

This paragraph discusses the critical risk factors associated with suicide. The most significant predictor is a previous suicide attempt, with individuals having 5 to 6 times higher chances of attempting again. It's estimated that about 50% of those who complete suicide have had a prior attempt. The second most important risk factor is having a mental disorder, particularly mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, which account for 35.8% of cases. Substance use disorder and schizophrenia are also mentioned, with 22.4% and 10-6% of cases respectively. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of proper mental health treatment and awareness to mitigate these risks.

05:01

📊 Assessing Suicide Risk and Prevention Strategies

The second paragraph delves into the classification of suicide risk, which is categorized into four levels: low, medium, high, and emergency. It explains that individuals with suicidal thoughts but no plans are at low risk, while those with plans and intentions are at high risk. The paragraph also stresses the importance of prevention, highlighting that many who die by suicide have not sought mental health care but have had recent contact with healthcare providers. It underscores the need for integrated health networks to identify and address suicidal behaviors. The discussion also extends to societal measures for prevention, such as promoting community health spaces, regulating access to common suicide methods, and raising awareness in schools. The paragraph concludes with a call to action for better mental health care and the provision of support services, including a mention of a 24-hour helpline for those in distress.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Suicide Prevention

Suicide prevention refers to the various actions and strategies aimed at reducing the occurrence of suicide. In the context of the video, it is the central theme, with the speaker discussing the importance of recognizing risk factors and providing appropriate mental health support to those at risk. The video emphasizes the need for integrated healthcare systems and societal awareness to effectively prevent suicide.

💡Risk Factors

Risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of a particular outcome, in this case, suicide. The video outlines several risk factors, such as a previous suicide attempt, mental disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, substance abuse, and certain personality disorders. Understanding these factors is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

💡Mental Disorders

Mental disorders are a broad range of mental health conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. The video highlights that mental disorders, particularly mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, are significant risk factors for suicide. It underscores the importance of mental health treatment and awareness in suicide prevention.

💡Substance Abuse

Substance abuse involves the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and drugs. The video mentions substance abuse as a risk factor for suicide, with 22.4% of cases being related to it. It suggests that substance abuse can exacerbate mental health issues and increase the risk of suicidal behavior.

💡Despair and Impulsivity

Despair refers to a profound sense of hopelessness, while impulsivity is the tendency to act without thinking about the consequences. Both are highlighted in the video as important risk factors for suicide. Despair can lead to a lack of perspective and a bleak view of the future, whereas impulsivity, especially among young people, can lead to risky behaviors, including substance use and suicidal acts.

💡Age and Gender

The video discusses how age and gender are related to suicide risk, with higher rates among the young and the elderly. It mentions that suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people and that men are three times more likely to die by suicide than women, although women are more likely to attempt suicide. This highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies for different demographic groups.

💡Clinical Diseases

Clinical diseases refer to non-psychiatric physical health conditions that can also contribute to suicide risk. The video cites examples such as cancer, HIV, and neurological diseases. It points out that individuals with chronic clinical diseases may also experience psychiatric symptoms, which can increase the risk of suicide.

💡Adverse Childhood Experiences

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that occur in childhood, such as abuse, neglect, or household dysfunction. The video mentions that these experiences can be significant risk factors for later suicidal behavior, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and support.

💡Social Support

Social support refers to the assistance and encouragement individuals receive from their social networks, including family, friends, and community. The video discusses how strong social support can act as a protective factor against suicide, reducing the risk for individuals who feel connected and have a network of people to rely on.

💡Protective Factors

Protective factors are attributes, resources, or circumstances that can reduce the risk of negative outcomes or increase the resilience of individuals facing adversity. In the video, protective factors such as high self-esteem, established social bonds, religiosity, and a sense of responsibility are mentioned as counteracting the risk factors for suicide.

💡Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the process of evaluating the likelihood of a particular risk occurring. In the context of the video, it involves categorizing individuals into low, medium, high, or urgent risk based on their suicidal thoughts, plans, and intentions. This assessment is crucial for determining the appropriate level of intervention and support needed.

Highlights

The most important predictive factor for suicide is a previous suicide attempt.

Individuals with a history of suicide attempts are 5 to 6 times more likely to attempt again.

About 50% of people who die by suicide have had a previous attempt.

Having a mental disorder is the second most important risk factor for suicide.

Depression and bipolar disorder account for 35.8% of suicide cases.

Substance abuse disorder is associated with 22.4% of suicide cases.

Schizophrenia is linked to 10-16% of suicide cases, and personality disorders to 11.6%.

Patients with multiple psychiatric comorbidities have an increased risk of suicide.

Despair and impulsivity are significant risk factors, especially among young people.

Hopelessness is a key indicator, even for those not necessarily in a depressive state.

Impulsivity can increase the risk of substance use, especially among young people.

Suicide rates are higher among young people and the elderly.

For young people, suicide is the third leading cause of death.

In the elderly, factors like loss of spouse, loneliness, and degenerative diseases can increase suicide risk.

Suicide deaths are three times more prevalent among men, while attempts are three times more common among women.

Non-psychiatric clinical diseases like cancer and HIV can also increase the risk of suicide.

Adverse childhood events, such as neglect and abuse, are significant risk factors.

Family history and genetics play a role in suicide risk.

Social factors like strong social bonds and support networks can reduce suicide risk.

Protective factors include high self-esteem, established social connections, and religiosity.

Risk assessment can be categorized into low, medium, high, and emergency levels.

Prevention strategies should focus on mental health care and integrated health networks.

80% of people who die by suicide had a medical consultation within a month of their death.

Promoting mental health awareness and access to care is crucial for suicide prevention.

Community-based health promotion initiatives and self-help groups can support suicide prevention.

Media should avoid detailed descriptions of methods or shocking scenes to prevent copycat behavior.

School campaigns that address the issue of suicide can increase awareness and understanding.