Melawan Lupa - Jatuh Bangun Demokrasi Kita

Summary

The video script delves into the complex journey of democracy in Indonesia, highlighting its evolution and challenges. It discusses the initial adoption of democracy post-independence as a counter to feudal and authoritarian rule, the shift from presidential to parliamentary systems, and the experiments with different democratic models. The script critiques the 'guided democracy' era under President Soekarno and the 'Pancasila democracy' under President Soeharto, both characterized by concentrated power and perceived autocratic tendencies. It also touches on the Reformasi era, which brought about significant constitutional amendments and a more decentralized power structure, aiming for a balance of power among the judiciary, executive, and legislative branches. Despite improvements, the script points out that Indonesia's democracy still grapples with procedural aspects over substantive ones, indicating a need for deeper democratic values and practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia's democracy has faced numerous challenges and is often criticized for its perceived excesses and deviations.
• 🏛️ The country's political system has evolved through different models of democracy, including liberal democracy and guided democracy under Soekarno and Suharto respectively.
• 🔄 There have been shifts in government systems, such as transitioning from a presidential to a parliamentary system, in response to political pressures and allegations.
• 🗣️ The practice of democracy in Indonesia has been marked by political articulation of extremism, including liberalism, radicalism, fundamentalism, sectarianism, and terrorism.
• 📉 The parliamentary democracy of the 1950s is often viewed as a failure due to the inability of the government to implement development and the frequent changes in cabinet.
• 🚫 The era of guided democracy under Soekarno was characterized by the concentration of power and the suppression of political freedoms.
• 🛑 The New Order under Suharto introduced the concept of Pancasila democracy, which was used to justify policies that were seen as anti-democratic by many.
• 🔄 The fall of the New Order in 1998 led to a period of political and governmental reform, including amendments to the 1945 Constitution to ensure a balance of power.
• 📈 The reformasi era has seen efforts to rebuild democratic life, with the media being freed, and power becoming more dispersed through elected legislative bodies.
• 🌐 Despite improvements, Indonesia's democracy still has a long way to go to fully embrace the substantive aspects of democracy, with ongoing issues such as procedural focus and the influence of money in politics.

Q & A

What does the term 'kebablasan' refer to in the context of Indonesian democracy?

In the context of Indonesian democracy, 'kebablasan' refers to the excessiveness or overindulgence in democracy, where political practices have led to the articulation of extreme ideologies such as liberalism, radicalism, fundamentalism, sectarianism, and terrorism.

Why did Indonesia's founding fathers choose democracy as the system of government after independence?

Indonesia's founding fathers chose democracy as the system of government after independence because it was seen as an alternative to the feudal and authoritarian systems that were in place during the colonial era. They were influenced by external ideas and the lack of a feudal government in Indonesia, which made democracy an appealing choice.

What changes were made to Indonesia's political system after the proclamation of independence on November 14, 1945?

After the proclamation of independence, Indonesia transitioned from a presidential system to a parliamentary system to avoid the perception of being an absolute state. This change was part of the government's efforts to establish a democratic system that contrasted with the previous colonial rule.

How was the parliamentary system perceived during its implementation in Indonesia from the 1950s to the late 1950s?

The parliamentary system was seen as having a high degree of political accountability, with the 1955 elections being considered the most democratic. However, it was also criticized for the frequent changes in government, which were seen as a sign of instability and a lack of preparedness among political parties and leaders.

What significant action did President Soekarno take in 1959 that affected the practice of democracy in Indonesia?

In 1959, President Soekarno issued a decree on July 5th that dissolved the Constituent Assembly, reinstated the 1945 Constitution, and established the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) and the Provisional House of Representatives (DPR). This marked a shift away from the parliamentary system and towards a more guided democracy under his leadership.

What is 'demokrasi Pancasila' as introduced during President Soeharto's era?

Demokrasi Pancasila, introduced during President Soeharto's era, was a form of guided democracy that emphasized the principles of the Pancasila, Indonesia's state philosophy. It was presented as a more stable and controlled form of democracy compared to the liberal democracy of the previous era, but was also criticized as being used to legitimize authoritarian policies.

How did the New Order regime under President Soeharto differ from the previous democratic practices?

The New Order regime under President Soeharto was characterized by a more controlled and guided form of democracy, with a concentration of power in the executive branch. It was marked by a lack of executive rotation, limited political recruitment processes, and an environment where political parties could not compete fairly, leading to a distortion of democratic principles.

What were the key reforms that took place after the fall of the New Order regime in Indonesia?

After the fall of the New Order regime, key reforms included the amendment of the 1945 Constitution to ensure a balance of power among the judiciary, executive, and legislative branches. There was also an effort to decentralize power, increase political participation through direct elections at various levels, and reduce corruption and collusion.

What are some criticisms of the current state of democracy in Indonesia as mentioned in the script?

Some criticisms of the current state of democracy in Indonesia include the focus on procedural aspects rather than substantive democracy, the influence of money in politics, and the potential for rule changes to benefit specific interests, which can undermine democratic principles.

How has the understanding and practice of democracy evolved in Indonesia since its independence?

The understanding and practice of democracy in Indonesia have evolved from the initial choice of democracy as an antithesis to colonial rule, through various experiments with parliamentary and guided democracy, to the current efforts to establish a more balanced and decentralized democratic system with the reforms post-New Order era.

Outlines

00:00

😔 Challenges in Indonesian Democracy

The script discusses the challenges faced by Indonesia's democracy, which is considered the best system for national governance but has been marred by various issues. It reflects the inherent complexity of the democratic process and the concerns of many parties. The script also touches on the historical context of Indonesia's choice of democracy as a counter to feudal and authoritarian systems post-independence. The founding fathers chose democracy to avoid the absolutism of colonial rule, and the script delves into the evolution of democratic models, including the shift from a presidential to a parliamentary system and the influence of external powers on this change.

05:00

😕 The Shift to Parliamentary Democracy and Its Pitfalls

This paragraph details the shift to a parliamentary system in Indonesia and the subsequent issues that arose. It highlights the period from 1950 to 1959 when liberal democracy or parliamentary democracy was implemented. Despite high political accountability, the system faced failures, particularly due to the inability to implement development plans and the frequent changes in government. The era was marked by political instability and conflicts among various political forces, leading to short-lived cabinets and eventually the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly by President Soekarno in 1959, which marked a significant shift in the political landscape.

10:01

😣 The Era of Guided Democracy and Authoritarian Rule

The script describes the era of guided democracy under President Soekarno, where the president's power was unchecked, and the political landscape was dominated by a few key forces: the military, the PKI, and the president himself. This period was characterized by a lack of fair competition among political forces and led to the 1965 coup attempt, which further destabilized the government. The eventual rise of General Soeharto and his introduction of 'Pancasila Democracy' during the New Order era is also discussed. This system was portrayed as a more stable form of democracy, but the script suggests it was often used as a cover for authoritarian rule and policies that were anti-democratic in nature.

15:01

😞 The New Order and the Distortion of Democracy

This section of the script focuses on the New Order era under President Soeharto, where the concept of 'Pancasila Democracy' was used to justify policies that were seen as anti-democratic by many. The era was marked by a lack of executive rotation, a closed political recruitment process, limited recognition of human rights, and rampant corruption and nepotism. The script also discusses the military's involvement in politics, which led to a distortion of democracy and a lack of professionalism within the military. The fall of the New Order in 1998 led to a period of reform and a search for a democratic system that would be more suitable for Indonesia.

20:03

😌 Reform and the Struggle for Genuine Democracy

The final paragraph discusses the post-New Order period, marked by political and governmental reforms aimed at establishing a more democratic system in Indonesia. It mentions the amendment of the 1945 constitution to ensure a balance of power among the judiciary, executive, and legislative branches. The era of reformasi brought about a freer media, the end of the military's direct involvement in politics, and the introduction of free and fair elections at various levels of government. However, the script notes that despite these improvements, Indonesia's democracy still has a long way to go to achieve its true potential, with issues such as procedural focus over substantive democracy and the influence of money in politics remaining challenges.

Keywords

💡Democracy

Democracy refers to a system of government where power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or through elected representatives. In the video, the evolution of democracy in Indonesia is discussed, highlighting its challenges and the various forms it has taken since the country's independence. The script mentions that democracy was chosen as an antithethical system to feudalism and authoritarianism that existed during the colonial era.

💡Parliamentary System

A parliamentary system is a democratic form of government where the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature. The video script discusses the shift from a presidential system to a parliamentary system in Indonesia post-independence, aiming to avoid the perception of an absolute state and to prevent accusations of being a Japanese puppet state.

💡Guided Democracy

Guided Democracy, as mentioned in the script, was a term used to describe the political system under President Soekarno's leadership in Indonesia. It was characterized by a more centralized form of government with a strong executive power, which was seen as a deviation from the principles of liberal democracy and was criticized for its autocratic tendencies.

💡Pancasila Democracy

Pancasila Democracy refers to a concept of democracy that aligns with the Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state. It was introduced during President Soeharto's 'New Order' era, emphasizing stability and order over the liberal democratic values. The video critiques this form of democracy as being used to justify authoritarian policies and to discredit previous democratic practices.

💡Reform Era

The Reform Era, or Reformasi, marks a period of political and social change in Indonesia following the fall of the New Order regime. The script highlights the efforts to reinterpret and establish a democratic system that is more in line with the country's needs. This era is characterized by the amendment of the 1945 Constitution, the decentralization of power, and the introduction of free and fair elections.

💡Decentralization

Decentralization is the process of redistributing power from central authorities to local governments. The video mentions decentralization as a key aspect of the Reform Era, where power was dispersed to regional governments, allowing for more local autonomy and a reduction in the concentration of power in the executive branch.

💡Corruption

Corruption is the abuse of power for private gain. In the context of the video, corruption is discussed as a significant issue during the New Order era, where it was rampant and deeply ingrained in various sectors. The Reform Era aimed to address this by implementing policies to combat corruption and promote transparency.

💡Elections

Elections are the process by which citizens vote for their representatives or leaders. The script emphasizes the importance of free and fair elections as a cornerstone of democracy in Indonesia. It discusses the transition from appointed to elected legislative members as a significant step towards a more democratic system.

💡Rule of Law

The rule of law is the principle that all members of society, including government officials, are subject to and equal before the law. The video script touches on the importance of the rule of law in a democratic system and how its absence or manipulation can undermine democratic principles.

💡Human Rights

Human rights are the fundamental rights to which all individuals are entitled. The script mentions the limited recognition of human rights during the New Order era and how the Reform Era sought to improve the protection and promotion of these rights as part of the democratic reform process.

💡Political Parties

Political parties are organized groups of people who share similar political views and work to influence public policy. The video discusses the role of political parties in the democratic process, including the challenges they faced during the New Order era and the changes that occurred during the Reform Era, such as the introduction of multi-party systems and the increased participation of political parties in governance.

Highlights

Democracy in Indonesia has faced numerous challenges and is still considered the best choice for the national political system.

The development of democracy in Indonesia has been marked by various dramas reflecting the inherent complexities of the democratic process.

Democracy in Indonesia has been criticized for being too chaotic, with political articulations ranging from liberalism to radicalism, fundamentalism, sectarianism, and terrorism.

Some politicians suggest returning to the ORBA system due to the perceived chaos in current democratic practices.

Democracy was chosen as the political system post-independence as an alternative to feudal and authoritarian systems.

The choice of democracy was influenced by external ideas and the lack of a feudal government in Indonesia during the colonial era.

The implementation of democracy in Indonesia has not always been smooth, with experiments and searches for the best democratic model.

The shift from a presidential to a parliamentary system was made to avoid the perception of an absolute state, influenced by the post-WWII political climate.

During the 1950s, Indonesia practiced a form of liberal democracy, which was seen as highly accountable but also faced failures due to frequent government changes.

The 1955 election is considered the most democratic, yet it led to a period of political instability with short-lived cabinets.

President Soekarno's 1959 decree marked the end of the parliamentary system and the return to the 1945 Constitution, leading to the era of 'Guided Democracy'.

Guided Democracy was criticized for being authoritarian and concentrating power in the hands of the president, leading to political repression.

The 1965 coup attempt and subsequent events led to the fall of President Sukarno and the rise of General Suharto, introducing a new era of 'Pancasila Democracy'.

Pancasila Democracy, as promoted by Suharto, was seen as a way to legitimize the New Order regime and discredit liberal democracy.

The New Order regime was marked by a lack of executive rotation, closed political recruitment, limited human rights recognition, and rampant corruption and nepotism.

The fall of the New Order in 1998 led to a period of reform, with amendments to the 1945 Constitution aiming to prevent the concentration of power.

Reform efforts included the release of press restrictions, allowing for a freer flow of opinions and ideas.

The MPR issued several decrees in 1998 aimed at establishing a state free from corruption and limiting presidential terms.

Democracy in Indonesia has improved with the spread of power and the election of legislative members through universal suffrage.

Critics argue that current democratic practices focus too much on procedural aspects and lack substantive democracy.

The Indonesian public is seen as mature in democracy, with the ability to peacefully conduct mass movements and prevent coup attempts.

There is a need to address various issues in the democratic life of Indonesia to align with the true values of democracy as envisioned during the independence struggle.

Transcripts

[Musik]

demokrasi kita ini sudah terlalu

Kebablasan

perkembangan demokrasi di Indonesia yang

hingga kini masih diyakini sebagai

pilihan terbaik bagi sistem politik dan

ketatanegaraan nasional terus diwarnai

sejumlah drama berbagai drama yang terus

terjadi ini merefleksikan keniscayaan

bahwa proses pencarian demokrasi

an

[Musik]

ter perkembangan kehidupan demokrasi di

Indonesia terus dihadapkan dengan banyak

tantangan berbagairi terhad prk-prk yang

diangg sebagai penyimpangan

[Musik]

demokras keprihatinan banyak pihak

demokrasi kita ini sudah terlalu

kebablasan praktik demokrasi politik

yang kita laksanakan telah membuka

peluang telah membuka peluang

terjadinya artikulasi politik yang

ekstrem seperti

liberalisme

radikalisme

fundamentalisme

sektarianisme

dan terorisme beda dengan yang dimaknai

oleh beberapa politisi yang menyatakan

nih kita harus balik ke orba karena yang

sekarang kebablasan Saya memilih eh

kebablasan dengan happiness daripada eh

tertib tetapi infar atau dengan

ketakutan nah saya melihat ini harus

clear ya bahwa ee kebablasan saat ini

Prof adalah pada problem masing-masing

individu lupa kepada

koridornya Demokrasi merupakan sistem

politik dan ketatanegaraan yang Sejak

proklamasi kemerdekaan telah dipilih

para pendiri negara republik

indonesiaoklamasi Kami bangsa

Indonesia dengan ini

menyatakan kemerdekaan

Indonesia pada masa itu demokrasi

dipilih sebagai antitesa dari sistem

feodal dan sistem pemerintahan otoriter

yang berlaku pada masa penjajahan

Mengapa ee para pemimpin kita ketika

dalam pergerakan

nasional menuju kepada kemerdekaan itu

memilih demokrasi karena ada dua hal dia

mendapatkan pengaruh dari luar karena

pembacaannya pemahamannya tentang itu

dan kondisi dalam negeri kita tidak ada

kerajaan feodal yang EE demokratis kan

maka itu mau dirombak Oleh karena

itu para pemimpin kita

sepakat kalau nanti kita merdeka maka

pemerintahan yang kita bangun adalah

pemerintahan yang demokratis itu

Ca

persoalannyaal jenis demokrasi yang

bagaimana yang harus kita

pakai meski sepakat memilih demokrasi

sebagai sistem politik dan

ketatanegaraan pelaksan demokrasi di

Indonesia tidak selalu berlangsung mulus

eksperimen dan pencarian model demokrasi

yang dianggap

palinguk

kemerdekaan pada 14 November

1945 untuk menghindari kesan bahwa

Republik Indonesia adalah negara Absolut

pemerintah mengeluarkan maklumat

perubahan pemerintahan dari presidensial

menjadi parlementer nah ini ada

hubungannya dengan e tuduhan Ya

kemungkinan tuduhan kekuatan sekutu

waktu itu ya yang memenangkan perang

dunia kedua melawan Jepang

bahwa eh Soekarno Hatta yang

memproklamasikan kemidikan Indonesia itu

adalah boneka Jepang

eh

Nah sebagai boneka Jepang akan lebih

efektif ee memimpin pemerintahan itu

melalui sistem ee apa ya sistem

presidensal semi presidensial ya yang ee

apa namanya ee menjadi

ee

substansi konstitusi kita nah Oleh sebab

itu e Hatta dan kawan-kawan Sultan sah

dan yang apa namanya berpendidikan di

Belanda pada umumnya itu eh kemudian

bersepakat untuk mengubah sistem

pemerintahan kita itu menjadi

parlementer tapi konstitusinya enggak

diubah usai pengakuan kedaulatan dari

tahun 1950 hingga

1959 Indonesia menerapkan sistem

demokrasi liberal atau kerap disebut

demokrasi

parlementer pada masa ini praktik

demokrasi dapat ditemukan dalam

kehidupan politik dan

ketataanegaraan kala itu parlemen

memainkan peranan yang sangat tinggi

dalam proses politik yang

berjalan yang dianggap Mengapa dianggap

parlementer baik itu itu dari tahun 50

sampai dengan

58 nah

eh kenapa karena itu diawali oleh Pemilu

55 Pemilu 55 itu memang terus terang

menurut pemahaman saya dan banyak juga

orang yang mengatakan seperti itu pemilu

yang paling demokratis tanda

kutip meski tingkat akuntabilitas

politiknya sangat tinggi prakk demokrasi

parlementer pada dekade 1950-an dinilai

gagal kegagalan terutama sering

dialamatkan pada ketidakmampuan

pemerintahan kala itu melaksanakan

pembangunan karena kerap

berganti tercatat terjadi tu kali

perubahan kabinet selama masa

pemberlakuan demokrasi

parlementer partai politik kita dan juga

politisinya pemimpin-pemimpinai politik

tidak siap dengan

itu jadi eh selalu muncul eh konflik di

antara ee kekuatan-kekuatan politik

tahun -an itu sehingga Ee tidak ada

kabinet yang bisa bertahan lama Paling

lama itu

ee

24 bulan itu kalau enggak salah kabinet

Ali sosto omijoyo nah yang lain-lain itu

ada yang 6 bulan ada yang ee e tidak

sampai setah tahun jatuh bangunlah

kabinetnya nah Kabinet itu Jatuh Bangun

kenapa ya itu tadi ee kepentingan eh

kelompok atau kepentingan golongan itu

lebih

menonjolbang kepentingan bangsa

kita demokrasi parlementer yang dipuji

banyak pengamat asing ini akhirnya

berakhir setelah Presiden Soekarno

mengeluarkan dekr Presiden 5 Juli

1959 dekrit ini berisi keputusan

pembubaran konstituante pemberlakuan

kembali undang-undang Dasar 1945 dan

pembentukan MPRS dan

dprs tapi selalu saja ada sses mereka

yang seolah-olah mau berbuat baik tapi

sebetulnya berlaku otoriter untuk

kepentingan rezimnya atau kepentingan

dirinya

sendiri

setelah Dekrit Presiden pada 5 Juli

1959 praktik demokrasi dalam kehidupan

politik dan ketatanegaraan nasional tak

kunjung membaik menyusul kebijakan

pembubaran konstituante dan parlemen

hasil pemilu tahun 1955 ole Presiden

Soekarno peran partai politik dalam

pemerintahan

mengerdil akibatnya pada masa yang oleh

beberap sejarawan disebut sebagai Era

demokrasi terpimpin ini berbagai prakk

pelanggaran demokrasi yang dip tidak

terkrolnya kekuasaan presiden

terjadi yang dia maksud dengan demokrasi

ter

demokrasi sehingga demokrasinya

tetap berwujud dan pemimpinnya punya

peranan dalam proses demokrasi itu

tetapi akhirnya kan Bung Karno

juga diangkap sebagai otorit juga dan

memang ya dia tangkap orang juga e dia

diangkat sebagai presiden seumur hidup

dia tidak mengadakan pemilihan umumg MPR

DPR

mprs-nya

diangkat dpr-nya dirubah menjadi DPR

gotongroyong dan

sebagainya terpusatnya kekuasaan pada

Presiden Sukarno saat itu juga membuat

kekuatan-kekuatan politik yang ada tidak

bisa bersaing secara fair dan terbuka

mereend

dan juga ikut melatar belakangi

peristiwa 30 September

1965 yang menjadi pintu masuk

penggulingan Presiden

Sukarno nah kekuatan partai-partai

politik itu ee kecuali PKI itu sudah

selesai sudah

habis jadi hanya tiga kekuatan politik

selama demokrasi terpimpin Bung Karno eh

TNI atau militer dan PKI nah eh

Bung Karno mencoba bertahan di atas

konflik TNI dan PKI itulah yang eh

puncaknya sampai tahun

1965 melalui peristiwa eh G30S yang kita

kenal sampai

sekarang tak lama setelah kekuasaan

presiden Soekarno tergerogot di akibat

super Semar Mayor Jenderal Soeharto yang

kemudian memegang jalannya pemerintahan

mulai menerapkan sistem dan gaya

demokrasi yang berbeda setelah diangkat

menjadi pejabat presiden pada

1966 dan kemudian presiden pada

1967 Soeharto memperkenalkan jargon

demokrasi

Pancasila Saya tidak sependapat dengan

pembagian sistem demokrasi yang

diajarkan di sekolah jadi ada

demokrasi liberal demokras ter Kemudian

pada masa orde baru demokrasi Pancasila

eh pembagian semacam ini menurut hemat

saya diciptakan pada masa orde baru

Justru untuk membenarkan atau memberikan

legitimasi kepada rezim orde baru bahwa

demokrasi liberal itu adalah demokrasi

yang lemah karena pemerintahannya setiap

saat itu bisa berganti pemerintahan

tidak stabil dan kemudian demokrasi

terpimpin itu dianggap juga presiden

mempunyai kekuasaan yang sangat e besar

besar sedangkan ee yang baik itu adalah

demokrasi pada masa orde baru gitu yang

disebut dengan demokrasi Pancasila eh

saya tidak sependapat dengan eh

pandangan itu karena tujuannya jelas

hanya untuk memberikan apa ya nilai yang

positif eh terhadap

ee sistem yang dianut pada masa orde

baru dengan menjelekkan sistem yang ada

sebelumnya gitu saya tetap percaya bahwa

Pak Harto ketika

mensosialisasikan

demokrasi Pancasila niatnya pun baik di

masyarakat yangin ini kalau dilepas

begitu saja bisa penduran satu sama lain

tapi selalu saja ada sses mereka yang

seolah-olah mau berbuat baik tapi

sebetulnya berlaku oriter untuk

kepentingan rezimnya atau kepentingan

dirinya

[Musik]

send masa kekuasaan presiden Soeharto

jargon demokrasi Pancasila justru kerap

dipakai sebagai retorika untuk

membenarkan kebijakan-kebijakan

pemerintah yang dinilai banyak pihak

antidemokrasi hampir semua ciri yang

kerap disebut dalam definisi sistem

pemerintahan otoriter bisa ditemukan

pada masa rezim Soeharto atau

pemerintahan orde baru dari ketiadaan

rotasi kekuasaan eksekutif tertutupnya

proses rekrutmen politik

pem yang penuh rekayasa pengakuan HAM

yang terbatas hingga tumbuh suburnya

korupsi dan nepotisme di segala

bidang ya Kenyataannya memang pada era

orde

baru praktis proses politik itu jauh

lebih mudah daripada

sekarang karena di DPR

RI dan di dprdi kabupat kota hanya ada

tiga fraksi yaitu

PDI P3 dan

Golkar Masih ditambah lagi di DPRA di

mprrii ada utusan

golongan dan ada fraksi ABRI yang

notaben fraksi ABRI plus fraksi Golkar

itu berdua menguasai sekitar 80% dari

suara di DPR Jadi praktis kalau

pemerintah dalam hal ini golongan karya

menghendaki sesuatu dengan gampang

disiplin di dalam negara demokrasi

manapun namanya Angkatan Darat namanya

militer enggak boleh

dipolitik tapi kita harus apa legowo

bahwa kita mempunyai sejarah yang tidak

mendukung demokratisasi yaitu ketika

militer masuk ke dalam politik dan

ternyata masuk mereka ke dalam politik

satu ee faktanya kita menjadi tidak

tidak profesional mereka dulu zamannya

pak karno

e militer kita ditakuti ya seluruh dunia

angkatan lautnya angkatan udaranya tapi

karena ngurus politik sehingga akhirnya

berbisnis kan mereka akhirnya mereka

tidak profesional

Bahkan dalam prakknya

distorsi demokrasi ini

terjadi setelah 32 tahun berkuasaada

tahun

198 Orde Baru tumbang oleh gerakan

reformasi bersamaan dengan itu upaya

untuk menafsir ulang dan mencari sistem

demokrasi yang cocok untuk Indonesia

kembali

dilakukan nah di kita sering sekali

aturan yang sudah disepakati itu

tiba-tiba dirubah untuk kepentingan

tertentu dan itu pasti melanggar

demokrasi

[Musik]

selepas ambuknya pemerintahan orde baru

Indonesia memasuki suasana kehidupan

politik dan kenegaraan

baru suasana baru ini tercipta berkat

berbagai kebijakan

Re UN Puncak kebijakan reformasi itu

adalah di amandemennya undang-undang

1945 yang dinilai sebagai sumber utama

kegagalan Tataan kehidupan kenegaraan di

era pemerintahan orde baru Jadi

sebetulnya demokrasi terpimpinnya itu

dua kali kita dua kali di awalnya adalah

di Pak Karno dengan istilah demokrasi

terpimpin tapi kemudian demokrasi

Pancasila ala Soeharto tapi keduanya

sama konsentrasi

kekuasaan kekuatan politik kekuatan

apapun di eksekutif jadi ketika masuk

kepada era reformasi isu pertamanya

adalah division of labor ini harus

dibreakdown enggak boleh terkonsentrasi

di presiden walaupun bentuknya

presidensial Oleh karena itu kemudian eh

undang-undang di eh undang-undang dasar

konstitusi di amandemen untuk memastikan

balance of power dari yudikatif

eksekutif dan eh legislatifnya ya Ada

langkah-langkah baik ya habibi naik

dalam

gonjang-ganjing dia

berusaha mengembalikan sistem demokrasi

ee

apa media dibebaskan

mengeluarkan pendapatnya orang bebas

segala macam dan sebagainya

eh dan itu adalah awal yang baik

sebenarnya

sejak bergulirnya era reformasi sejumlah

upaya lain untuk membangun kembali

kehidupan yang demokratis juga terus

dilakukan antara lain dengan

dikeluarkannya ketetapan MPR RI Nomor 10

tahun

1998 tentang pokok-pokok reformasi TAP

MPR RI Nomor 11 tahun

1998 tentang penyelenggaraan negara yang

bebas dari KKN MPR nomor 13 tahun 19

tentang pembatasan masa jabatan presiden

dan wakil presiden Republik Indonesia

dan

lain-lain lebih baiknya adalah bahwa

kekuasaan itu ya tidak lagi di satu

tangan kekuasaan itu makinmakin menyebar

kemudian tidak ada lagi anggota

legislatif yang diangkat atau

ditunjuk jadi semuanya dipilih melalui

pemilihan umum itu baik di tingkat lokal

kabupaten kota provinsi maupun tingkat

nasional nah kemudian juga siapun tanpa

kecuali punya peluang kesempatan masuk

dalam bidang politik untuk duduk di ee

apa ya Ee sebagai calon anggota

legislatif untuk maju dalam

pilkada walaupun belakangan

ee ya yang memiliki uang lebih memiliki

peluang ketimbang yang tidak punya

uang meski bisa dikatakan terus membaik

perkembangan kehidupan demokrasi

Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir

masih sangat jauh dari sempurna kritik

paling kerap terlontar misalnya tertuju

pada praktik demokrasi yang masih sering

hanya mengedepankan aspek-aspek

prosedural dan belum menyentuh substansi

demokrasi Nah

sekarang memang tidak otoriter tetapi

ada macam macam seperti yang dikatakan

oleh Pak Jokowi demokrasi kita sekarang

kebablasan

ee demokrasinya pelaksanaan demokrasi

yang

kebaabelasan tapi demokrasinya sendiri

tidak tidak kebaabelasan yang persoalan

kita kita belum menemukan sebuah rumusan

yang jelas tentang demokrasi yang

bagaimana yang kita

inginkan inti dari demokrasi itu

sebenarnya

sederhana

ketika kita akan melakukan

sesuatu maka semuanya harus dijalankan

secara wajar dan

damai berdasarkan aturan nah di kita

sering sekali aturan yang sudah

disepakati itu tiba-tiba dirubah untuk

kepentingan

tertentu dan itu pasti melanggar

demokrasi artinya paling tidak kita

belum tahu apa sih demokrasi yang kita

mau masyarakat Indonesia itu menurut

hemat saya sudah sudah apa namanya

dewasa di dalam berdemokrasi gitu ada

hal-hal yang misalnya menakutkan di

dalam

gerakan pada tanggal 2 Desember eh tahun

yang yang lalu misalnya ketika eh

demikian banyak masa yang yang bisa ee

dikerahkan gitu tetapi toh tidak terjadi

apa-apa gitu dan yang di khawatirkan itu

tidak menjadi e kenyataan gitu e

demikian juga upaya misalnya untuk

melakukan apa yang disebut dengan kudeta

itu juga tidak tidak terjadi

gitu jatuh bangunnya berbagai sistem

demokrasi yang pernah dipraktikkan di

Indonesia serta masih jauhnya praktik

demokrasi di Indonesia dari nilai-nilai

demokrasi sejati yang diamanatkan dalam

cita-cita

kemerdekaan ih banyak masalah yang harus

dibenahi dalam kehidupan demokrasi

[Musik]

kita

foreign