Kimia Industri - Proses Pembuatan Deterjen (Bubuk/ Serbuk)

Summary

In this informative video, viewers are guided through the flowchart of detergent production by Mr. Yoga. The process begins with the creation of a surfactant slurry using kerosene and sulfonated oleum at a controlled temperature, yielding dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. This is neutralized with NaOH to form sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The surfactant is then cooled, mixed with additives, and sprayed in a tower to form detergent granules. The granules undergo drying and separation processes, with impurities being reintroduced into the production cycle, while vapors are released into the atmosphere. The final product is scented and packaged according to consumer needs.

Takeaways

• 🚀 The video discusses the flowchart of the detergent manufacturing process with Pak Yoga.
• 🔍 The first step is the production of surfactant slurry, starting with the reaction of kerosene and dodecylbenzene at a controlled temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.
• 🧪 The mixture from the sulfonation process is then neutralized with NaOH in a mixer to form sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the surfactant base.
• 🔄 The surfactant slurry is pumped to a subtank to maintain pressure and is then cooled in a cooler.
• 💧 The cooled surfactant is stored in a storage tank, preparing for the next stage of detergent production.
• 🌀 The next step involves mixing the surfactant with sodium tripolyphosphate and other additives in a tracer, where high-speed mixing ensures homogeneity.
• 🌊 Water is removed in the tracer, thickening the mixture due to the hydration reaction of sodium tripolyphosphate.
• 🌧 The mixture is then pumped to the top of a spray tower, where it is sprayed while hot air from the process is introduced at the bottom.
• 🔍 The detergent particles are formed and fall to the bottom of the tower, passing through a hot water spray for separation.
• 🔄 Cycle 1 separates the hot vapor and any entrained particles, with the particles reintroduced into the process and the vapor released to the atmosphere.
• 🌀 The particles from the high-efficiency spray dryer are conveyed and further separated in cycle 2, with remaining vapor directed to cycle 3 for separation.
• 📏 The particles are then screened using a vibrating screen to ensure standard size before being conveyed to the packaging area.
• 🛍️ Finally, the detergent particles are perfumed and packed according to consumer needs and labeling requirements.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video?

The main topic of the video is the flowchart and process of detergent production.

What is the first step in the detergent production process described in the script?

The first step is the production of surfactant slurry, which involves the use of kerosene and sulfonation with oleum at a temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.

What is the role of NaOH in the production of surfactant slurry?

NaOH is added to the mixer to neutralize the alkyl benzene acid, resulting in the formation of sodium alkyl benzene, which is the surfactant slurry.

What is the function of the subtank in the detergent production process?

The subtank is used to maintain pressure or act as a pressure control mechanism during the production process.

How is the surfactant slurry cooled in the process?

The surfactant slurry is cooled by being pumped to a cooler, where it is mixed and cooled down.

What is the purpose of the tracer in the detergent production process?

The tracer is used to mix the surfactant slurry with sodium tripolyphosphate and other additives, creating a homogeneous mixture.

What happens in the spray tower during the detergent production?

In the spray tower, the mixture is sprayed at the top while hot air from the furnace is introduced at the bottom, resulting in the formation of detergent particles.

What is the function of the cycle 1 in the detergent production process?

Cycle 1 is used to separate hot vapor and any entrained particles, with the particles being recycled back into the process and the vapor being released to the atmosphere.

What is the role of the high-pressure pump in the production of detergent particles?

The high-pressure pump is used to pump the mixture to the top of the spray tower, where it is sprayed to form detergent particles.

How are the detergent particles separated from the remaining vapor in the process?

The particles are separated from the vapor in cycle 2, where the vapor is directed to cyclone 3 for further separation before being released to the atmosphere.

What is the final step in the production of detergent before packaging?

The final step is the addition of fragrance to the detergent particles on the conveyor belt, which are then directed to the packaging area for labeling and consumer requirements.