What is DevOps? Understanding DevOps terms and Tools

Summary

This video from Cloud Champ demystifies DevOps by explaining its core concepts and tools with real-world examples. It covers version control systems like GitHub, infrastructure as code with tools like Terraform, configuration management with Ansible, and CI/CD pipelines using Jenkins. The tutorial also explores microservices, containerization with Docker, orchestration with Kubernetes, and monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana, guiding viewers through the entire application deployment process.

Takeaways

• 😀 DevOps is a process aimed at delivering applications or software in a fast and reliable manner, involving building, testing, deployment, and post-deployment monitoring and logging.
• 🔧 Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket are essential for managing code repositories, enabling collaboration, version tracking, and secure code access from anywhere.
• 👨‍💻 Git is the underlying Version Control System, whereas GitHub is a web-based platform for creating repositories and storing code, used together for CI/CD purposes.
• 🏭 Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, and Pulumi allow for defining infrastructure requirements in code, enabling easy reuse and management across different environments.
• 🔩 Configuration management tools such as Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt automate the process of configuring servers and installing necessary software for applications.
• 🚀 CI/CD pipelines automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications, integrating with version control systems to streamline development workflows.
• 🔄 Microservices architecture involves deploying applications as a collection of small, independent services that communicate through APIs, offering better scalability and maintainability compared to monolithic architecture.
• 📦 Containerization with Docker allows applications to be packaged with their environment, dependencies, and configurations, making them portable and easy to deploy.
• 🤖 Kubernetes is a leading container orchestration tool that manages the deployment, scaling, and operations of application containers across clusters.
• 🔄 GitOps is a practice of using Git to define and manage infrastructure and application deployment to Kubernetes, automating updates and ensuring consistency.
• 🛎 Monitoring and alerting tools like Prometheus, Grafana, and Nagios are crucial for checking the health of applications and notifying teams of issues, ensuring high availability and performance.

Q & A

What is DevOps and why is it important?

DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery of high-quality software. It's important because it enables faster and more reliable delivery of applications and services, which is crucial in today's fast-paced digital environment.

What are some common DevOps tools mentioned in the script?

The script mentions several DevOps tools including Terraform, Ansible, Kubernetes, Jenkins, GitHub, GitLab, Prometheus, and Grafana. These tools are used for various aspects of the DevOps process such as infrastructure as code, configuration management, continuous integration and deployment, container orchestration, and monitoring.

What is the role of a Version Control System in DevOps?

A Version Control System (VCS) in DevOps is used to manage and track changes to the source code of applications. It allows multiple developers to work on the same project without overwriting each other's changes, supports branching and merging, and provides a way to roll back to previous versions if needed.

How does Infrastructure as Code (IaC) simplify the creation of cloud resources?

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) allows developers to define and provision infrastructure using code, which can then be version-controlled and automated. This simplifies the creation of cloud resources by making it reproducible, consistent, and less error-prone, as opposed to manually setting up each resource.

What is the difference between Git and GitHub as mentioned in the script?

Git is a Version Control System that allows you to manage and keep track of code history, while GitHub is a web-based platform that uses Git for version control and additionally provides features like repositories, collaboration tools, and integrations for CI/CD pipelines.

Why is it beneficial to use configuration management tools in DevOps?

Configuration management tools like Ansible, Chef, and Puppet are beneficial in DevOps because they automate the process of configuring servers and installing necessary software. This ensures consistency across environments, reduces human error, and speeds up the deployment process.

What is the purpose of CI/CD in the software deployment process?

CI/CD, or Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment, is used to automate the steps of building, testing, and deploying software. It ensures that code changes are automatically tested and deployed, which increases the speed and reliability of software releases.

How does containerization with Docker help in deploying applications?

Containerization with Docker packages an application and its dependencies into a single unit, called a container, which can run consistently across different computing environments. This makes it easier to deploy, scale, and manage applications, as it provides isolation and consistency.

What is Kubernetes and why is it used for container orchestration?

Kubernetes is an open-source platform used for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It is used for container orchestration because it efficiently manages the lifecycle of containers, handles service discovery, load balancing, and storage orchestration, making it ideal for complex applications with multiple containers.

Why is monitoring important in the context of DevOps?

Monitoring is crucial in DevOps to ensure the health and performance of applications and infrastructure. It helps in identifying and addressing issues proactively, thus preventing downtime and ensuring a positive user experience. Tools like Prometheus and Grafana provide insights into application metrics and system health.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Introduction to DevOps and Its Tools

The video script introduces the complex world of DevOps, an approach to software development that emphasizes collaboration between development and operations teams. It covers a variety of terms and tools such as Infrastructure as Code, containerization, configuration management, Version Control Systems, microservices, CI/CD, and monitoring tools like Prometheus and Grafana. The speaker promises to explain these concepts with real-world examples to clarify their use in the deployment process. The target audience is newcomers to DevOps who may find the terminology confusing. The script outlines the video's intent to guide viewers through the deployment of an application from scratch, using various DevOps tools and best practices.

05:02

🛠️ DevOps Practices: Version Control and Infrastructure as Code

This paragraph delves into the initial steps of the DevOps process, emphasizing the importance of Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket for code storage and management. It highlights the benefits of using such systems, including branch management, collaborative work, and the ability to roll back changes. The script introduces the difference between 'git', the Version Control System, and 'GitHub', the web-based platform. It then discusses the transition from local development to cloud deployment, touching on the use of Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, or Pulumi to automate server creation on cloud platforms, thereby reducing manual effort and increasing reproducibility across environments.

10:03

🔄 Automation and Deployment Strategies in DevOps

The script continues with the discussion on automating server configuration using tools like Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt. It explains how these tools allow for the definition of server configurations in code, enabling the simultaneous setup of multiple servers. Following this, the paragraph explores the manual process of deploying applications and the benefits of automating this with CI/CD pipelines using tools such as Jenkins, GitHub Actions, and GitLab CI. The transition from manual deployments to automated processes is highlighted as a key aspect of efficient DevOps practices. Additionally, the paragraph touches on the scalability of applications and the shift from monolithic to microservices architecture, introducing Docker for containerization and Kubernetes for container orchestration.

🚀 Advanced DevOps Techniques: GitOps, CI/CD, and Monitoring

The final paragraph of the script covers advanced DevOps techniques such as GitOps, where manifest files for Kubernetes are stored in git repositories and changes are automatically applied to the cluster. It also revisits CI/CD in the context of deploying applications on Kubernetes, using tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, and GitHub Actions to streamline the process. The importance of monitoring applications using tools like Prometheus and Grafana is underscored, as is the use of alerting tools to notify teams of issues promptly. The script concludes by summarizing the entire DevOps process from code repository management to application deployment, container orchestration, and monitoring, inviting viewers to engage with the content and reach out with questions.

Keywords

💡DevOps

DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery of high-quality software. In the video, DevOps is described as a process of delivering applications or software in a fast and reliable manner. The video aims to demystify various DevOps terms and tools, showcasing how they are used in the deployment process.

💡Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

Infrastructure as Code is the approach of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools. The video explains how tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, or Pulumi are used to define infrastructure in code, allowing for easy reuse and management of infrastructure across different environments.

💡Version Control Systems

Version Control Systems are essential tools used to track and manage changes to source code over time. In the context of the video, GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket are mentioned as platforms where developers can create repositories and push their code, allowing for collaboration, branching, and rollbacks when necessary.

💡Microservices

Microservices architecture is an approach to developing a single application as a suite of small services, each running in its process and often its own container, and each service is loosely coupled to other services. The video contrasts microservices with monolithic architecture, highlighting the benefits of scalability and maintainability in a microservices setup.

💡Containerization

Containerization is the process of encapsulating and bundling a software application and its dependencies together in a container. Docker is mentioned in the video as the popular tool for containerization, allowing applications to be run in isolated containers, which can be easily deployed and managed.

💡CI/CD

CI/CD stands for Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment. It is a practice where developers regularly merge their code changes into a central repository, and the code is automatically tested and prepared for a release to production. The video emphasizes the importance of CI/CD in automating the process of building, testing, and deploying applications, with tools like Jenkins, GitHub Actions, and GitLab CI/CD.

💡Configuration Management

Configuration management tools are used to automate the configuration of servers and other infrastructure. In the video, tools like Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt are mentioned for automating the installation of software, managing configurations, and ensuring consistency across environments.

💡Kubernetes

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. The video explains how Kubernetes can be used to manage multiple containers of an application, defining how many replicas should be running, what images should be used, and managing volumes and other resources.

💡Monitoring

Monitoring in the context of DevOps refers to the practice of observing and checking the health of applications and infrastructure to ensure they are running correctly. The video mentions tools like Prometheus, Grafana, and Nagios for monitoring purposes, which can alert teams when there are issues or downtimes.

💡Git

Git is a distributed version control system created by Linus Torvalds, the same person who created Linux. In the video, Git is described as the underlying Version Control System used to manage and track changes in source code, which is essential for collaboration among developers and for pushing code to platforms like GitHub.

Highlights

DevOps is a process of delivering applications or software in a fast and reliable manner.

DevOps engineers are responsible for application building, testing, deployment, and post-deployment stages like monitoring and logging.

Version Control Systems like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket are essential for code management, providing benefits such as branching, collaboration, and rollback capabilities.

Git is the underlying Version Control System, while GitHub is a web-based platform for creating repositories and storing code.

Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, CloudFormation, or Pulumi allow for defining infrastructure in code, simplifying environment setup and reducing setup time.

Configuration management tools such as Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Salt automate server configuration and software installation.

CI/CD pipelines automate the process of building, testing, and deploying applications, integrating with version control systems for continuous updates.

Microservices architecture involves deploying small, independent services that work together, offering advantages in maintainability and scalability over monolithic architecture.

Docker is a popular tool for containerizing applications, allowing them to run in isolated environments.

A Dockerfile contains instructions to create a Docker image, which can be stored and pulled from repositories like Docker Hub or ECR.

Container orchestration tools like Kubernetes manage multiple containers, defining replicas, images, and volumes for application deployment.

GitOps is a practice of automating deployment and management of containerized applications using GitHub in conjunction with Kubernetes.

CI/CD for Kubernetes automates the deployment process of applications on Kubernetes clusters using tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, or GitHub Actions.

Monitoring tools such as Prometheus and Grafana are crucial for checking the health of applications and ensuring they respond to requests.

Alerting tools like SNS on AWS, Slack, or PagerDuty notify teams of issues, allowing for quick response to application downtime or failures.

The video provides a comprehensive guide from building an application to deploying it on servers or containers, including setting up CI/CD and using Kubernetes for orchestration.

The importance of understanding DevOps terms and tools is emphasized for efficient application deployment and management.

Transcripts

devops is confusing with so many

different terms like infrastructure as

code containerization configuration

management Version Control Systems

microservices cicd and so much more not

to mention the different devops schools

like terraform ansible kubernetes

Jenkins GitHub gitlab Prometheus grafana

and so much more so in this video I am

going to explain you all these different

terms with the real world example to

make you understand where to use all

these different tools in the deployment

process this video is going to be very

helpful for you so watch this video till

the end

hey everyone Welcome to Cloud champ in

this video we are going to understand

devops completely so if you're new to

devops and have no idea what are these

different devops terms or don't know

when to use terraform or Jenkins or

Prometheus in the devops process then

this video is for you throughout this

video we are going to take an example

and understand how is an application

deployed from scratch discussing all the

different devops terms and the tools

used along with best practices so please

like this video if you're new subscribe

to the channel and let's start before we

move ahead let's understand what is

devops which is one of the most

confusing terms and there are so many

different definitions for it so to

explain your devops in very simple way

devops is a process of delivering

applications or softwares in a fast and

reliable Manner and a devops engineer is

a person who is responsible for

application building testing and

deployment also some stages after

deployment like monitoring and logging

to make sure your application is running

fine now that we have an idea of what is

devops so let's take a scenario consider

you are working as a developer engineer

at a company where you are given a task

to deploy an application so the code for

this application has been written and

given it to you by developer you have

your code in your local machine and now

you are ready to deploy it but there are

issues when you have your code in your

local machine so if you lose your

machine your code is gone if you don't

have access to your machine you don't

have access to your code and that is why

it's a best practice to First create a

repository and push your code on Version

Control Systems like GitHub gitlab or

bitbucket pushing your code to Version

Control Systems like GitHub and gitlab

can provide you with so many different

benefits you can have different branches

for different versions of your

applications different people working on

your application you can also have a way

to roll back if there's an issue and you

also have a place where you can securely

push your code and access it from

anywhere in the world so first thing you

should always do when starting with an

application is pushing your code on

GitHub and gitlab or bitbucket anything

so you decided to push your code on

GitHub repositories and for that you use

git to push your code on GitHub

repositories understand there is a

difference between git and GitHub GitHub

is a web-based platform where you can

create repositories and push your code

but for you to push the code you require

git which is created by Lena store walls

the same person who created Linux so get

is the underlying Version Control System

whereas GitHub or gitlab or bitbucket

are all web-based platforms where you

can create repositories and store your

code these repositories can also be used

for CI CD purposes which we are going to

learn later on but for now we are using

GitHub to push our code from a local

machine to GitHub repositories through

which we can access our code from

anywhere now the code is on GitHub and

we can clone it on any machine and try

to run it locally when we run an

application locally it's only accessible

to us it's not accessible to the

internet and for you to make it

accessible you have to deploy it on the

cloud

so to reply the cloud you have two

options you can either deploy this

application on servers or on containers

let's say for now you don't have much

traffic and you don't want to have

scaling so you decided to go with the

servers so you want to deploy this

application on servers and for that you

need to create servers on the cloud and

to create a service on the cloud you

need to go to the cloud provider let's

say AWS you went to ec2 dashboard

clicked on launch instance fill in all

the details what operating system you

want what Security Group should be there

what should be the key keypad what

should be the volume and all of that and

you created an instance but that's not

how devops Engineers do so if you want

to create a server you will be using

tools like terraform cloud formation or

pulumi where you write the

infrastructure in the form of code so

you will be defining I want to have two

ec2 instances with Linux operating

systems 8GB storage and all of that in

the form of code something like this and

then you can run the command turn off

apply to have that server on the cloud

using infrastructure as code tools like

terraform you can easily reuse the code

to create infrastructure in different

environments like staging development

and Broad also reducing the time and

effort required to set up your

infrastructure now only this you can

also store your code on Version Control

Systems to maintain versions and

rollbacks if necessary so companies use

different infrastructure as code tools

like terraform pulumi cloudformation

Azure Ram templates Google Cloud

deployment manager and much more now you

have your server ready which is created

through infrastructure as code practice

but there is something more you need to

do before you deploy your application on

the server so this application is

written in Python language and for you

to run it on server you need to install

python on it along with some other

dependencies that might be required for

the application to run so you can run

the commands to configure it or to

install python or any other database or

any dependencies let's say flask or

Django but a devops Engineers won't be

doing it manually so to automate this

configuration you can use configuration

management tools like ansible Chef

puppet salt and a lot more using these

tools you can configure your servers and

install the necessary software so the

idea is you need to define the

configuration in the form of code so you

can tell install python install this

database start the database add this

query all that stuff in the form of code

and run it on the service when you do

this you can configure multiple servers

at once so you can configure your

infrastructure using tools like ansible

puppet Chef salt and lot more so now you

have your server ready and configured to

run your application so you cloned the

code from the repository on the server

now and you have deployed your

application which is running properly

you also connected your IP address with

the domain name using DNS so now anyone

on the internet can access your

application through your domain name so

now your application is working properly

on the servers and your users are happy

as well let's say you want to include

some feature or new version of your

application so you will get the code

from the developer create a build and

deploy it on your server get the code

create a build Deploy on server get the

code create the build and deployment

server so this is all manual process and

to automate all of this you can use CI

CD or continuous integration and

continuous deployment using CI CD

pipeline you can automate the process of

building testing and deploying your

application on the server so everything

done automatically so the idea is you

can connect it with your version control

system whenever there's a push mate to

GitHub or gitlab the build should be

created and automatically deployed on

the servers this can be done using

different tools like Jenkins GitHub

actions gitlab cicd Travis CI Circle CI

and a lot more CI CD is one of the most

important aspect of devops and is used

by all the companies now so you should

have an idea of what is a CI CD till now

we have discussed everything required to

deploy an application on the servers we

have seen how you can push your code on

repositories how to create a server

using infrastructure as code tools like

terraform you can you have also seen how

to configure your servers using

configuration management tools like

ansible we have seen how to deploy our

applications on the servers and to

automate all of this stuff we have seen

how we can use CI CD pipelines using

tools like Jenkins gitlab or GitHub

right now now let's consider that your

application is viral and you have a lot

more traffic so you want to convert your

application in a micro service

architecture where you want to deploy

all of your components in separate

containers using Docker so let's

understand what is a microservice

architecture and what is a monolith

architecture so monolith is an

architecture where your application is

deployed as a single unit and there are

some disadvantages whereas some

advantages as well for this so Advantage

is that it is very easy for you to

develop and deploy your application

whereas it is difficult for you to

maintain and scale this also if one of

the component in the monolith

architecture fails the entire

application is brought down whereas if

you look at microservices micro service

architecture microservice architecture

is a collection of small and independent

services that work together to form a

large application each service is

responsible for different functions so

let's say one of the container or one of

the service is a database second is a

message queue it can be a web

application or anything and all of them

talk to each other through apis so they

are very Loosely coupled unlike monolith

which are very tightly coupled even if

one of the application one of the

service is down the other services are

not affected where you can easily scale

and maintain it but disadvantage is you

have to have lot of knowledge and it's

very complex for you to develop and

deploy microservices application so

let's say you decided to my create an

application in the form of microservices

and you want to deploy it in the form of

containers and whenever you want to

deploy application in the form of

container the most popular tool is

Docker so using Docker you can

containerize your application to make it

run on containers so now your

application was running on servers but

you won't deploy it on containers and

for you to do that you need to create

Docker file so a Docker file what is a

Docker file Docker file is a

instructions written down in a file for

your application to make it run as a

Docker container using Docker file you

can create an image so you will create a

Docker file run the build command Docker

build hyphen T my image name and then it

will create an image for you now you

have your image which you can store on

Docker Hub or ECR repositories this

image can be pulled by anyone if it is a

Public Image but if it isn't private

people in your organization can pull

that image and run your application in

the form of container after you have

your image you will now you can running

the containers and your application has

multiple containers one container for

database one for message queue one for

your application and a lot more so there

are multiple containers and for you to

manage them you need to use something

known as container orchestration and

there are different tools for container

orchestration like kubernetes openshift

mezos launcher and a lot more the most

popular One is kubernetes using

kubernetes you can manage different

containers of your application you can

Define how much replica should be

running what should be the image running

for your application how much should be

the volume and all of that stuff so

overall the container orchestration

tools like kubernetes are responsible to

provide a way to manage and automate the

deployment of applications that are

running on Docker containers now you

have your application running on

containers using kubernetes which is

very awesome so I hope you have

understood everything till now if you

have any questions feel free to note

down in the comment section after you

have kubernetes you can use something

known as git Ops using githubs with

kubernetes you can automate the

deployment and management of

containerized applications so the main

popular GitHub foreign city and the idea

is you define your manifest files on git

repositories and whenever there's a

change the change is going to be

reflected on your kubernetes cluster so

if you added a new service it will be

shown on here you don't need to run any

commands you don't need to run cubicle

apply as well and everything will be

defined on your kubernetes cluster when

you make the change in your git

repositories because the git

repositories are usually connected with

these get offs tools now your

application is running on kubernetes you

can also enable CI CD to automate all

this process whenever you have a new

application that should be deployed on

kubernetes so cicdu using tools like

Jenkins or Travis Ci or GitHub actions

or gitlab cicd you can automate the

process of deploying your applications

on kubernetes now once your application

is ready you need to make sure that it

is running properly so you need to

monitor them and monitoring means

checking the health of your applications

and making sure that an application is

responsing to all the requests you can

use different tools like Prometheus

grafana nagios for your monitoring

purposes

or you can also use alerting tools like

SNS on AWS you can use slack you can use

pager Duty so whenever there's an issue

or your application is down cluster is

down or container is not creating you

can get a notification on slack and you

can easily look into it so these are all

the different steps all the processes

required for deploying your applications

on servers or on containers including

different terms like infrastructure as

code configuration management Version

Control System

containerization CI CD and a lot more I

hope this video was helpful throughout

the video we have learned everything

from the start right from the start from

building the application to pushing or

pushing on git repositories to deploying

on servers setting up CI CD then

deploying on containers using kubernetes

to for container orchestration

monitoring your application using tools

like Prometheus grafana and alerting as

well so I hope this video was helpful if

you have any questions any doubt to feel

free to drop a comment below and you can

also reach me on LinkedIn I hope this

was informative please like this video

subscribe to my channel and have a good

day