Teks Berita Kriteria Berita, Struktur Berita, dan Unsur Teks Berita

raisya andhira

25 Aug 202311:48

Summary

TLDRIn this educational video, the host discusses the criteria for selecting newsworthy events, emphasizing the importance of timeliness, relevance to the public, and emotional impact. The script delves into the inverted pyramid structure of news writing, highlighting the significance of the 'head', 'neck', and 'body' of the news, ensuring the most crucial information is presented upfront. The video also explains the 'adiksimba' elements—what, where, when, who, why, and how—as the foundation of crafting a news story that captivates and informs the audience.

Takeaways

📰 The class is focused on learning about news writing, specifically the criteria for what makes an event newsworthy.
🗓 An event must be recent or 'actual' to be considered news, meaning it has just occurred and is still of interest to the audience.
🌐 The importance of the event to the public is a key criterion, such as news about fuel price increases which are of public concern.
📍 Proximity matters in news selection; events that occur closer to the audience's location are more appealing.
🎭 Emotional expression can attract or evoke reader interest, making the news engaging.
🌟 The involvement of well-known figures or institutions can draw attention to a news story, such as Garuda Indonesia opening a new flight route.
📜 The news is structured in an inverted pyramid format, with the most important information at the top and less important details further down.
🔝 The 'head' of the news contains the main information answering the questions of what, where, when, who, why, and how.
🔍 The 'neck' of the news expands on the details provided in the head, helping the reader understand the context of the event.
📝 The 'body' of the news elaborates on the ideas presented in the head and neck, providing a more in-depth explanation of the event.
🔚 The 'tail' or 'foot' of the news contains the conclusion or less important information, often used for additional context or background.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the class discussion led by Ibu Raisa?
-The main topic of the class discussion is the criteria and structure of news articles, focusing on the elements of a news text and the criteria for an event to be considered newsworthy.
What are the criteria for an event to be considered newsworthy according to the transcript?
-The criteria for an event to be newsworthy include: actuality or timeliness, importance to the public, proximity to the audience's location, emotional appeal, involvement of well-known figures or institutions, and the extraordinary nature of the event.
What is the inverted pyramid structure of a news article?
-The inverted pyramid structure of a news article organizes information from most to least important, with the most crucial information at the top and less significant details towards the bottom.
What does the term 'ADKSIMBA' stand for in the context of news writing?
-In the context of news writing, 'ADKSIMBA' is an acronym for 'Apa, Di mana, Kapan, Siapa, Mengapa, dan Bagaimana', which translates to 'What, Where, When, Who, Why, and How'—the essential questions a news article should answer.
Why is the 'Who' element important in a news article?
-The 'Who' element is important because it identifies the individuals or groups involved in the event or issue being reported, providing context and relevance to the audience.
How does the 'How' element contribute to a news article?
-The 'How' element contributes by detailing the process or method used in the event or action being reported, offering a deeper understanding of the situation.
What is the purpose of the 'Why' element in a news article?
-The 'Why' element provides the reasons or motivations behind the event or actions being reported, adding depth and context to the news story.
What is the significance of the 'What' element in a news article?
-The 'What' element is significant as it describes the event or occurrence being reported, establishing the main subject of the news story.
Can you provide an example of how the 'ADKSIMBA' elements are applied in a news article from the transcript?
-An example from the transcript is the news about the heavy rain causing floods in four districts of South Jakarta. The 'ADKSIMBA' elements are applied as follows: 'What' - the heavy rain and flooding, 'Where' - South Jakarta, 'When' - during several hours on the night of February 16, 2023, 'Who' - the affected residents and BPBD DKI Jakarta, 'Why' - due to continuous rainfall, and 'How' - the rainfall resulted in flooding in specific areas.
What role does the BPBD DKI Jakarta play in the news example provided in the transcript?
-The BPBD DKI Jakarta plays a crucial role in monitoring the flood conditions, coordinating with various departments to manage the situation, and urging the public to remain vigilant against potential flooding.

Outlines

00:00

📰 Criteria for Newsworthiness and News Structure

This paragraph introduces the criteria for determining what makes an event newsworthy, including timeliness, public interest, proximity, emotional appeal, and the involvement of well-known figures or institutions. It also explains the inverted pyramid structure of news, consisting of the headline, lead, body, and, if necessary, a conclusion. The importance of the headline as the most crucial part, containing the who, what, when, where, why, and how (5W1H), is emphasized for quick understanding and editing purposes.

05:01

🔍 Detailed Explanation of News Components

The second paragraph delves deeper into the components of a news story, focusing on the 'adiksimba' elements—what, where, when, who, why, and how—which are essential to every news report. It provides examples of how these elements are used in news headlines and leads, and how they contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the story. The paragraph also discusses the significance of the news body, which elaborates on the details introduced in the headline and lead, serving as a bridge to the supporting ideas.

10:02

🚒 Fire Incident Report and Community Alert

The final paragraph presents a specific example of a news report about a fire incident at a Pertamina fuel depot in Jakarta, including the location, time, and the response from disaster management authorities. It details the impact of the fire, the areas affected, and the measures taken by BPBD DKI Jakarta to monitor and coordinate with relevant departments. The paragraph concludes with a community alert issued by BPBD DKI Jakarta, urging residents to be cautious and vigilant about potential flooding.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡News Criteria

News criteria refer to the standards used to determine whether an event is newsworthy. In the video, it is mentioned as a key concept for journalists to filter information and decide what makes a story suitable for news presentation. Examples from the script include 'aktual' (actuality), 'important', and 'kedekatan lokasi' (proximity), which are all criteria for selecting news events.

💡Actuality

Actuality is a criterion for newsworthiness that emphasizes the recent occurrence of an event. It is defined as the timeliness of the news, which should be current and of interest to the audience. In the script, 'baru saja terjadi' (just happened) is used to illustrate the concept of actuality, indicating that the event is still fresh and relevant.

💡Public Interest

Public interest denotes the relevance of a news story to the community. It is a fundamental criterion that helps determine if a story is significant enough to be reported. The script mentions 'kepentingan masyarakat' (importance to society), such as the news about 'kenaikan bahan bakar minyak BBM' (fuel price increase), which is of high public interest.

💡Proximity

Proximity is the concept that news events that are geographically closer to the audience are more likely to be of interest. It is a news criterion that suggests local events are more engaging to local readers or viewers. The script uses 'kedekatan lokasi' to highlight the importance of location in determining the newsworthiness of an event.

💡Emotional Appeal

Emotional appeal refers to the capacity of a news story to evoke emotions in the audience, making it more engaging. It is a criterion that can attract readers or viewers by stirring emotions. The script mentions 'ekspresi emosional' as a way to 'memancing atau mengadu-ngaduk emosi' (attract or evoke emotions), which is crucial for capturing the audience's attention.

💡Inverted Pyramid Structure

The inverted pyramid structure is a writing format used in news reporting where the most important information is placed at the beginning, followed by less critical details. This structure is designed to quickly convey the essential elements of a story. The script explains this by stating that the 'kepala berita' (news headline) contains the most important information, followed by the 'leher berita' (news lead) and 'tubuh berita' (news body).

💡Headline

A headline is the title or introductory part of a news story that summarizes the main points in a concise manner. It is a critical component of the inverted pyramid structure, as it captures the essence of the news. The script uses the example of a fire incident at 'Depo Pertamina' to illustrate how a headline can encapsulate the 'adiksimba' (what, where, when, who, why, and how) of a story.

💡Lead

The lead is the first paragraph of a news story that expands on the headline, providing more details about the event. It serves as a bridge between the headline and the body of the news. In the script, the lead is exemplified by further explaining the fire incident, including the time it occurred and the ongoing situation.

💡News Body

The news body is the section of a news story that elaborates on the details introduced in the headline and lead. It provides a more comprehensive account of the event. The script mentions the body as the part that contains additional information such as the confirmation of the fire incident by authorities and the ongoing investigation into its cause.

💡Adiksimba

Adiksimba is an acronym for 'apa, di mana, kapan, siapa, mengapa, dan bagaimana' which translates to 'what, where, when, who, why, and how'. It represents the essential questions that a news story must answer to provide a complete picture of the event. The script uses 'adiksimba' to emphasize the importance of these elements in constructing a comprehensive news report.

💡Breaking News

Breaking news refers to an urgent and recent event that is being reported as it unfolds. It is characterized by its timeliness and the need for rapid dissemination to the audience. The script mentions 'berita hebat' (great news) and 'kebakaran' (fire) as examples of events that would be classified as breaking news, requiring immediate coverage.

Highlights

Introduction to the criteria, structure, and elements of news text.

Definition of news and the criteria for events that are newsworthy.

Not all information is suitable to be made into news; journalists must filter information.

Criteria for newsworthy events: Actuality, Importance, Proximity, Emotional Impact, Popularity, and Unusualness.

Introduction to the inverted pyramid structure of news texts.

Detailed explanation of the three main parts of a news text: headline, neck, and body.

Importance of the news headline as it contains the most critical information.

The use of the 'adik simba' acronym to remember key elements of news: What, Where, When, Who, Why, and How.

Explanation of how each 'adik simba' element contributes to a comprehensive news report.

Importance of the proximity of news events to the audience.

The significance of emotional impact in making news engaging.

Explanation of how the inverted pyramid structure helps in quick news consumption.

Examples provided to demonstrate how each 'adik simba' element is used in crafting news.

Summary of a news article created using the 'adik simba' framework.

Closing remarks emphasizing the importance of understanding news structure and elements.