Developmental Task (Robert Havighurst)

Summary

The video script outlines Robert Havighurst's developmental tasks across life's stages, emphasizing the importance of achieving these tasks for happiness and success. It details tasks from infancy to later maturity, including learning basic skills, developing social roles, and adjusting to life changes. Each stage's tasks, such as learning to walk, talk, and distinguish right from wrong in early childhood, to adjusting to retirement and aging in later life, are crucial for personal growth and societal contribution.

Takeaways

• 🚶 Learning to walk is a crucial developmental task for infants and early childhood.
• 🍚 The ability to take solid foods is a significant milestone in early childhood development.
• 🗣️ Language acquisition, including learning to talk and understanding social and physical reality, is fundamental for early childhood.
• 🚽 Developing control over bodily functions, such as elimination, is an essential developmental task for young children.
• 👧👦 Recognizing and learning about sex differences and sexual modesty are part of the developmental tasks in early childhood.
• 📚 Preparing for reading and developing a moral compass are key tasks for children aged 0 to 5.
• 🏀 Middle childhood involves learning physical skills and building a positive self-image.
• 👫 Social development in middle childhood includes learning to interact with peers and adopting an appropriate sex role.
• 📈 Adolescence is marked by the pursuit of mature relationships, emotional independence, and preparation for future responsibilities like marriage and career.
• 💼 Early adulthood focuses on selecting a mate, starting a family, and beginning a career, along with civic responsibilities.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Middle adulthood involves nurturing children into responsible adults, achieving career success, and adjusting to physiological changes.
• 👴 Later maturity is about adjusting to retirement, accepting health changes, and establishing satisfactory living conditions.

Q & A

What is the definition of a developmental task according to Robert Havighurst?

A developmental task, as defined by Robert Havighurst, is a task that arises at a certain period in life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later tasks, while failure leads to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with their tasks.

List the developmental tasks for infancy and early childhood as outlined by Havighurst.

The developmental tasks for infancy and early childhood (0-5 years old) include learning to walk, take solid foods, talk, control the elimination of body waste, learn sex differences and sexual modesty, develop concepts and language to describe social and physical reality, readiness for reading, and learning to distinguish right from wrong and developing a conscience.

What are the developmental tasks for middle childhood according to Havighurst?

For middle childhood (6-12 years old), the tasks include learning physical skills for ordinary games, building a wholesome attitude towards oneself, getting along with age mates, learning an appropriate sex role, developing fundamental skills in reading, writing, and calculating, developing concepts necessary for everyday living, developing conscience, morality, and the scale of values, and developing acceptable attitudes toward oneself.

What developmental tasks does Havighurst suggest for adolescents?

Adolescents (13-18 years old) should achieve mature relations with both sexes, achieve a masculine or feminine social role, accept their physique, achieve emotional independence from adults, prepare for marriage and family life, prepare for an economic career, acquire values and an ethical system to guide behavior, and desire and achieve socially responsible behavior.

What are the developmental tasks for early adulthood as per Havighurst's framework?

In early adulthood (19-29 years old), the tasks include selecting a mate, learning to live with a partner, starting a family, rearing children, managing a home, starting an occupation, and assuming civic responsibility.

How does Havighurst define the developmental tasks for middle adulthood?

Middle adulthood (30-60 years old) involves helping teenage children become happy and responsible adults, achieving adult social and civic responsibility, satisfactory career achievement, developing adult leisure time activities, relating to one's spouse as a person, accepting the physiological changes of middle age, and adjusting to aging parents.

What are the developmental tasks for later maturity according to Havighurst?

In later maturity (61 and over), the tasks include adjusting to decreasing strength and health, adjusting to retirement and reduced income, adjusting to the death of a spouse, establishing relations with one's own age group, meeting social and civic obligations, and establishing satisfactory living quarters.

How does the successful achievement of developmental tasks impact an individual's life according to the script?

According to the script, the successful achievement of developmental tasks leads to happiness and success with later tasks, which suggests a positive impact on an individual's life.

What are the consequences of failing to achieve developmental tasks as mentioned in the script?

Failing to achieve developmental tasks can lead to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with subsequent tasks, indicating negative consequences for an individual's life.

How does the script emphasize the importance of achieving developmental tasks?

The script emphasizes the importance of achieving developmental tasks by outlining specific tasks for different life stages and highlighting the positive outcomes of successful achievement and the negative consequences of failure.

What is the significance of the developmental tasks for each age period as described in the script?

The significance of the developmental tasks for each age period lies in their role in shaping an individual's happiness, success, social approval, and ability to handle life's challenges at each stage.