LENGUA, LENGUAJE Y HABLA - Diferencias, ejemplos y elementos

Summary

In this video, the presenter explains the differences between language, speech, and tongue. Language is a biological process that facilitates communication and is essential for transmitting information, used by both humans and computers. The tongue refers to a social system of communication, specific to a community or region, with arbitrary rules. Speech is the individual expression of a tongue, influenced by personal, social, and regional factors. The video highlights how these concepts interconnect while emphasizing their unique features through examples, encouraging viewers to engage by sharing their own examples of language, speech, and tongue.

Takeaways

• 😀 Language is a biological process that enables communication between species or humans and computers.
• 😀 Language is an innate skill in humans that allows us to articulate thoughts and ideas.
• 😀 Different types of languages exist, such as human languages, animal languages (like chimpanzees and dolphins), and programming languages.
• 😀 Language is essential for transmitting and preserving information.
• 😀 The tongue (or language) is a system of communication that belongs to a specific community or social group.
• 😀 A language is arbitrary, meaning there is no direct connection between words and the objects they represent.
• 😀 Language is dynamic and can change over time, reflecting cultural and regional influences.
• 😀 A language can have dialectal variations, like the different forms of Spanish spoken in different countries.
• 😀 Speech is the concrete, individual expression of a language in daily life.
• 😀 Speech varies based on personal, social, cultural, and geographical factors, and can be colloquial, formal, or literary.
• 😀 Idiolects are personal variations in speech, influenced by an individual's background, education, and social context.

Q & A

What is the definition of language ('lenguaje')?

Language is a biological or physical process that enables communication between members of the same species or between humans and computers. It facilitates the processing, preservation, and transmission of information.

What are the key characteristics of language?

Language is an innate ability present in all human societies and cultures, though it can also be found in some animal species. It's a complex system that allows humans to articulate words and express thoughts. Additionally, it includes programming languages for interacting with computers.

What are the main elements involved in the process of communication?

The key elements of communication include: the sender (emisor), the receiver (receptor), the message (mensaje), the code (código), and the channel (canal) through which the message is transmitted.

What is the definition of 'lengua' (the language of a community)?

Lengua refers to the shared system of communication—oral, written, or gestural—used by a group or community that occupies a specific geographic area.

How is 'lengua' different from 'lenguaje'?

While 'lenguaje' refers to the broader biological or physical process of communication, 'lengua' is a specific language system used within a community or group, with structured rules such as grammar, syntax, and vocabulary.

What are some examples of 'lengua'?

Examples of 'lengua' include widely spoken languages such as Spanish, French, English, Arabic, and even indigenous languages like Quechua.

What is the definition of 'habla' (speech)?

Habla is the concrete, individual expression of language, varying according to regional, social, or generational contexts. It reflects a person’s specific way of speaking within their community.

How does 'habla' differ from 'lengua'?

Habla is the personal and individual expression of a language, whereas 'lengua' is the standardized system used by a group. 'Habla' reflects local, regional, and personal variations in speech.

What factors influence the variation in 'habla'?

The variation in 'habla' can be influenced by factors such as age, social class, education, family background, and the context of communication (informal, formal, or literary).

Can you provide examples of dialectal variations in 'habla'?

Yes, examples of dialectal variations in 'habla' include the different ways Spanish is spoken in regions like Mexico, Argentina, Andalusia, or Venezuela. Even within a single country, there can be distinct accents and speech patterns, such as those in Buenos Aires (porteño) or Madrid (madrileño).