Antibiotics - What They Are, When To Use Them, Side Effects & More

Summary

Antibiotics are essential medicines that combat bacterial infections by killing bacteria or inhibiting their growth. They can be administered orally, topically, or through injections for severe cases. However, they are ineffective against viral infections like colds and flu. Misuse of antibiotics can lead to side effects and antibiotic resistance, where bacteria adapt to resist the drugs. It's crucial to follow medical advice and complete the prescribed course to prevent resistance and ensure recovery.

Takeaways

• 🛡️ Antibiotics are medicines specifically designed to combat bacterial infections, not viral infections.
• 💊 Antibiotics can be administered in various forms, including oral, topical, ocular, otic, and intravenous routes.
• 🚫 Not all bacterial infections require antibiotics; some may resolve on their own or require alternative treatments.
• 🤒 Antibiotics are ineffective for common illnesses like colds, most sore throats, flu, and bronchitis, which are typically viral.
• ❗ Taking antibiotics unnecessarily can lead to side effects and does not provide any benefits.
• 🌱 Common side effects of antibiotics include rash, nausea, diarrhea, and yeast infections.
• 👩‍⚕️ A healthcare provider should determine the necessity and appropriateness of prescribing antibiotics for a patient.
• 💡 Antibiotic resistance is a serious concern; it occurs when bacteria adapt to resist the effects of antibiotics.
• 🔄 If antibiotics are stopped prematurely, some bacteria may survive, leading to a potential re-infection.
• 📋 It is crucial to follow the directions for taking antibiotics carefully and to complete the prescribed course of treatment.
• 🛑 The misuse of antibiotics contributes to antibiotic resistance, which is a significant threat to public health.

Q & A

What are antibiotics and how do they work?

Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals. They work by either killing the bacteria or making it difficult for them to grow and multiply.

In what different ways can antibiotics be taken?

Antibiotics can be taken orally in the form of pills, capsules, or liquids, topically as creams, sprays, or ointments, as eye or ear drops, or through injections or intravenously for more serious infections.

Which types of infections can antibiotics treat?

Antibiotics treat certain bacterial infections such as strep throat, urinary tract infections, and E. coli infections.

Are antibiotics necessary for all bacterial infections?

No, antibiotics are not necessary for all bacterial infections. For example, they may not be needed for many sinus infections or some ear infections.

What is the significance of not taking antibiotics when they are not needed?

Taking antibiotics when they are not needed can be harmful as they can have side effects and contribute to antibiotic resistance.

Do antibiotics work on viral infections?

No, antibiotics do not work on viral infections. They should not be taken for conditions like colds, most sore throats, flu, or most cases of bronchitis.

What are some common side effects of antibiotics?

Common side effects of antibiotics include rash, nausea, diarrhea, and yeast infections.

What should you do if you experience side effects from antibiotics?

If you develop any side effects while taking antibiotics, you should call your healthcare provider.

Why is it important to follow the directions and finish your antibiotics?

Finishing your antibiotics as directed is important to ensure the bacteria are completely eliminated. Stopping too soon may allow some bacteria to survive and potentially re-infect you.

What is antibiotic resistance and how does it occur?

Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change and become able to resist the effects of an antibiotic, allowing them to continue growing despite the treatment.

How should you approach your healthcare provider about antibiotics?

You should not ask your healthcare provider to prescribe antibiotics for you unless they determine it is the best treatment for your condition.