100 Cybersecurity Terms To Know

Summary

This script delves into the world of cybersecurity, covering a comprehensive range of threats and defenses. It defines malware, phishing, ransomware, and other cyber attacks, while also exploring protective measures like firewalls, two-factor authentication, and VPNs. The transcript touches on advanced topics such as encryption, AI in cybersecurity, and the importance of cyber hygiene, incident response, and compliance. It's a must-listen for anyone looking to understand the complexities of securing our digital lives.

Takeaways

• 💻 Malware is software designed to harm or exploit a computer system, including viruses, worms, Trojans, and ransomware.
• 🎣 Phishing is the practice of tricking people into giving away personal information by posing as a trustworthy entity.
• 🛡️ Ransomware encrypts a victim's files and demands payment for restoring access, often in digital currencies like Bitcoin.
• 🤖 Botnets are networks of infected computers controlled by a single entity, commonly used for DDOS attacks or sending spam.
• 🚫 Firewalls monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic to prevent unauthorized access to a private network.
• 🔒 Two-factor authentication requires an additional form of verification beyond a password to prevent unauthorized account access.
• 🔗 VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) encrypt internet traffic and allow users to securely access a private network remotely.
• 🌐 DDOS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks flood websites or networks with traffic, making them unavailable.
• 🕵️‍♂️ A Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack intercepts and modifies communication between two parties to steal sensitive information.
• 🛠️ SQL injection exploits vulnerabilities in a website's database to gain unauthorized access.

Q & A

What is malware and what forms can it take?

Malware is software designed to harm or exploit a computer system. It can include viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware, and other forms of malicious software.

Can you explain the concept of phishing and how it is carried out?

Phishing is the practice of tricking people into giving away personal information or login credentials by posing as a trustworthy entity through email, phone, or text message.

What is ransomware and how does it affect a victim's files?

Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a victim's files and demands payment, often in digital currency like Bitcoin, to restore access to the files.

What is a botnet and how is it typically used?

A botnet is a network of infected computers controlled by a single entity, often used to launch distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks or send spam emails.

What is the purpose of a firewall in network security?

A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, used to prevent unauthorized access to a private network.

How does two-factor authentication enhance account security?

Two-factor authentication is a security process that requires an additional form of verification, such as a code sent to a phone, in addition to a password, helping to prevent unauthorized access to an account.

What is a VPN and how does it secure internet traffic?

A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, encrypts internet traffic and allows users to securely access a private network remotely.

What is a DDoS attack and how does it affect a website or network?

A DDoS, or distributed denial of service, attack floods a website or network with traffic to make it unavailable, effectively disrupting services.

Can you describe a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack and its implications?

A man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack involves an attacker intercepting and potentially modifying communication between two parties, often with the goal of stealing sensitive information.

What is SQL injection and how does it compromise a website's database?

SQL injection is an attack that exploits vulnerabilities in a website's database to gain unauthorized access, allowing attackers to manipulate or extract data.

What is the role of antivirus software in protecting a computer system?

Antivirus software detects and removes malware from a computer system, helping to prevent infections and maintain system security.