Customs of Tagalog by Juan De Plasencia
Summary
TLDRIn this lecture, Martea Ballada explores the customs of the Tagalog people as documented by Juan de Plancetia, a Franciscan missionary in the Philippines during the Spanish Colonial period. Plancetia's 'Relation de las Costumbres de los Tagalogs' provides a detailed account of the Tagalogs' social, cultural, and religious practices, including their pre-colonial writing system, attire, and syncretic religious beliefs. His work not only offers insights into the Tagalogs' rich heritage but also influenced the early legal system of the Philippines, contributing to the country's first civil code and shaping the nation's narrative of struggle and resilience.
Takeaways
- 📜 Juan de Plasencia was a Franciscan missionary who arrived in the Philippines in 1578 and documented Tagalog customs.
- 🌍 He was among the first 19 Franciscan missionaries in the Philippines, contributing significantly to the spread of Christianity.
- 📖 Plasencia authored the 'Customs of Tagalog' in 1589, a seminal work that details the traditions and social structure of the Tagalog people.
- 🏞️ The book describes the barangay system, with Datu as the leader responsible for maintaining order and settling disputes.
- 🏛️ The text outlines the three social classes: Nobles (Maharlika), Commoners (Aliping Namamahay), and Slaves (Aliping Saguiguilid).
- ✒️ Plasencia documented the widespread use of Baybayin script among the Tagalog for writing poems, songs, and historical events.
- 👗 Tagalog clothing was described as loose-fitting garments made of cotton or silk, with men wearing bahag and women wearing tapis and Baro.
- 🛐 Religion in pre-colonial Tagalog society involved worship of anitos and spirits, with a syncretic blend of Catholicism after Spanish colonization.
- 🌾 Agriculture played a crucial role in Tagalog culture, with advanced farming techniques like terracing and irrigation.
- 📚 Plasencia's work is invaluable for understanding the social, cultural, and religious practices of the Tagalog people during early Spanish colonization.
Q & A
Who was Juan de Plancentia and what was his role in the Philippines?
-Juan de Plancentia was a Franciscan missionary who arrived in the Philippines in 1578. He was tasked by the King of Spain to document the customs and traditions of the Tagalog people and was responsible for the establishment of pueblos in various regions.
What significant work did Plancentia produce in 1589?
-Plancentia produced the seminal work titled 'Relation de las costumbres de los Tagalogs' or 'Customs of the Tagalogs' in 1589, which documented the customs and traditions of the Tagalog people.
What is the historical significance of 'Doctrina Christiana' in the context of the Philippines?
-'Doctrina Christiana' is believed to be the first book ever printed in the Philippines, not only in Spanish but also in Tagalog and Chinese, and it played a crucial role in the evangelization efforts of the Spanish missionaries.
How did Plancentia's missionary work contribute to the understanding of the Tagalog language?
-Plancentia wrote several books aimed at promoting the understanding of the Spanish language among the natives and the local languages among the missionaries, recognizing the importance of language mastery for effective evangelization.
What was the political climate like in Spain during Plancentia's time?
-Plancentia lived during the 'Siglo de Oro' or the Golden Age of Spain, a period marked by Spain's ventures to other lands in search of wealth and the avid interest in missionary work in newly established colonies.
What was the purpose of the 'Costumes of Tagalogs' document during the Spanish Colonial period?
-The 'Costumes of Tagalogs' was written to provide an exoticized description of the Tagalog natives, influenced by politics and propaganda, and was intended to appeal to the Western outsiders.
What was the social structure of the Tagalog society as documented by Plancentia?
-The Tagalog society had a social structure that included the nobles (mahalika), commoners (aliping namamahai), and slaves (alipin), each with specific roles and responsibilities within the community.
What was the significance of the 'barangay' in Tagalog society?
-The 'barangay' was a community unit consisting of a family and their relatives. It was the basic unit of social organization, with each barangay having its own leadership and not being subject to another except through friendly relationships.
How did the Tagalogs use their pre-colonial writing system known as 'baybayin'?
-The Tagalogs used 'baybayin' to write poems, songs, and other literary works, as well as to record historical events, genealogies, and important information.
What were the main aspects of Tagalog culture documented by Plancentia?
-Plancentia documented several aspects of Tagalog culture, including their social structure, use of 'baybayin', clothing, religious beliefs, rituals, ceremonies, and agricultural practices.
What is the contribution of Plancentia's documentation to the understanding of Philippine history?
-Plancentia's documentation provides a detailed account of the customs and traditions of the Tagalog people, offering valuable insights into their social, cultural, and religious practices, and contributing to the understanding of the grand narrative of Philippine history.
Outlines
📜 Juan de Plancetia: Chronicler of Tagalog Customs
The first paragraph introduces Juan de Plancetia, a Franciscan missionary who arrived in the Philippines in 1578. Plancetia, originally named Juan de Puerto Carrero, was tasked by the Spanish king to document the customs and traditions of the Tagalog people. He produced 'Relation de las Costumbres de los Tagalogs' in 1589, which was significant as it was one of the first books printed in the Philippines in multiple languages, including Tagalog and Chinese. His work aimed to promote understanding between the Spanish and the natives, facilitating the spread of Christianity. Plancetia's observations were not only limited to religious practices but also included the social structure, such as the barangay system, the three castes of Tagalog society, and the use of the Baybayin script. His writings provide a historical context for the Spanish colonial period and the early legal system in the Philippines.
🏡 Tagalog Society and Culture: A Glimpse into the Past
The second paragraph delves into the detailed observations of Tagalog society and culture made by Plancetia. It discusses the barangay system, a community structure based on familial ties, and the roles of the datu or village chief in maintaining order. The paragraph outlines the social hierarchy, including the nobles (mahalika), commoners (aliping namamahai), and slaves (alipin), each with distinct social responsibilities and rights. Plancetia also notes the Tagalogs' use of the Baybayin script for literary and historical records. The paragraph further explores the Tagalogs' attire, religious beliefs, and syncretic faith that blended indigenous and Catholic practices. Agriculture is highlighted as a key part of their culture, with advanced techniques and tools used by skilled farmers. The paragraph emphasizes the document's contribution to understanding the grand narrative of Philippine history and the preservation of traditional ways.
🌟 The Legacy of Plancetia's Documentation
The final paragraph reflects on the significance of Plancetia's documentation in understanding the pre-colonial Philippine society. It underscores the importance of his work in appreciating the indigenous cultures and structures that existed before Spanish colonization. The document is highlighted for its role in shaping the early legal system of the Philippines, providing the natives with a civil code that allowed them to protect and defend themselves in legal matters. The paragraph concludes with a quote from Dr. Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, emphasizing the ongoing narrative of struggle, resistance, and resilience in Philippine history. The lecture aims to impart knowledge about the Tagalog customs and their relevance to the rich heritage of the Philippines.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Juan de Plancetia
💡Franciscan missionaries
💡Barangay
💡Datu
💡Maharlika
💡Alipin
💡Baybayin
💡Tapis and Baro
💡Syncretic faith
💡Agriculture
💡Civil code
Highlights
Juan de Placentia, a Franciscan missionary, was tasked by the Spanish king to document the customs and traditions of the Tagalog people.
Placentia arrived in the Philippines in 1578 as one of the first 19 Franciscan missionaries.
He was responsible for establishing pueblos in Quezon, Laguna, Rizal, and Bulacan.
Placentia's work, 'Relation de las costumbres de los Tagalogs', was published in 1589, providing a detailed account of Tagalog customs.
He also authored 'Doctrina Christiana', believed to be the first book printed in the Philippines.
Placentia's writings aimed to promote understanding between the Spanish and the natives through language learning.
He acknowledged the importance of mastering the local language for effective evangelization.
The 'Costumes of the Tagalogs' was written during the Spanish Colonial period with a political and propagandistic intent.
The manuscript was written at the request of Governor Nissan Chavo de Vera to understand the Tagalogs' customs for legal adjustments.
The barangay system was a family-based community structure with a datu or village head responsible for order and disputes.
Tagalog society was divided into three castes: nobles, commoners, and slaves, each with distinct social roles and obligations.
The Tagalogs used a pre-colonial writing system called 'baybayin' for various literary and historical records.
Tagalog clothing was characterized by loose-fitting garments made of cotton or silk, adorned with jewelry.
Religion among the Tagalogs included the worship of anitos or spirits, which later syncretized with Catholicism.
Agriculture was central to Tagalog culture, with advanced techniques like terracing, irrigation, and crop rotation.
Placentia's documentation contributed to the understanding of Philippine history and the preservation of traditional ways.
The 'Costumes of the Tagalogs' provided insights into the social, cultural, and religious practices of the Tagalogs during Spanish colonization.
Dr. Jose Rizal's quote emphasizes the ongoing narrative of struggle, resistance, and resilience in Philippine history.
Transcripts
good day everyone I'm martea ballarda
for today's lecture our topic is the
customs of Tagalog written by Juan de
Placentia
so first
who is who won the Placentia
the author won the presidential was in
the first place not a native Tagalog but
a Franciscan missionary who first
arrived in the Philippines in 1578.
his real name was one day Puerto Carrero
one of the seven children born in the
Legion of extra Madura during the golden
age or siglo De Oro of Spain this was
the age of Spain's venture to other
lands in search of leeches
during this time there was a Avid
interest for missionary work in the
newly established colonies and Placentia
signed up for missionary work Under The
Franciscan order
Placentia was one of the first 19
Franciscan missionaries who arrived in
the Philippines on July 2 1578.
he was tasked by the king of Spain to
document the costumes and traditions of
the colonized natives based on arguable
his own observations and judgments
he was assigned in the Tagalog area and
aside from
and missionary work
he was responsible for the establishment
of Pueblos in Quezon Laguna
Rizal and Bulacan
his skin had no ethnographic skills made
him produce his seminal work the
relation de las de los tagalogs or
costumes of the tagalogs in 1589 and the
Drina Christiana and lengo Espanola
itagala or doctrina Christiana that is
believed to be the first book ever
printed in the Philippines and it was
not only printed in Spanish but also in
Tagalog in both the thin script and the
commonly used by buying script of the
natives of the time and even had a
version in Chinese
who won the Placentia wrote a number of
books designed primarily to promote the
understanding of both the Spanish
language among the natives and the local
languages among the missionaries
missionaries to facilitate the tasks of
spreading Christianity he acknowledged
at an early stage the need of mastering
the language of the natives in order to
facilitate
evangelization
he died in lilio Laguna in 1590 he spoke
was publishing in 1593.
next let's talk about the historical
background of costumes of Tagalog
costume of Tagalog was written during
the Spanish Colonial period
costumes of tagalogs just like any other
Colonial texts written during the
Spanish Colonial period was
intentionally made to provide an
exoticized description of tagalog's
natives clearly fed by politics and
propaganda and operated with the Western
Outsiders case that would be appealing
to them
this work was first published in Lara
Vista Conte paraña Madrid in 15 June
1892
the manuscript of this work is the only
copy in the convent of Franciscan
fathers in Manila father Placencia wrote
these notes in nagarland Laguna October
24 1589.
at the request of the governor Nissan
Chavo de Vera who wanted to know the
costumes and loss of tagalogs were
possible adjustment of the Spanish
justice system for the islands
awesome of tagalogs is part
of longer monographs written by the
Chronicles
of the Spanish Expeditions of the
Philippines during the early 16th and
17th centuries they appeared initially
in Blair and Robertson's 55 volumes the
Philippine Islands 1970 and in the
Philippines Journal of Sciences in 1550
1958
missionary who arrived in the
Philippines in 1578. he spent several
years living among the Tagalog people
studying the costumes and traditions and
documenting his observation in his
writings these are some of the important
historical information
first is the barangay
in its origin was a family of parents
and children's relations and saves
there were many of these barangays in
each town or at least an account of Wars
they did not settle far from one another
they were not however subject to one
another except in friendship and
relationships
the Chiefs in their various Wars help
one another with their respective
barangays
datu Village ship or head of barangay
gato was responsible for maintaining
order and settling disputes within the
community
the three casts
versus The Nobles the nobles were free
born whom they call mahalika they did
not pay tax or tribute to the tattoo but
must accompany him in war at your own
expense
the chief offered them beforehand they
feast and afterward they divided the
sports
commoners the commoners are called
aliping namamahai they are married and
served their Master whether he be a
tattoo or not with half of their
cultivated lands as was agreed upon in
the beginning they accompanied him
whenever he went beyond the island and
rode for him
they live in their own houses and are
Lords of their property and gold
slaves
the sleeps are called Ali pingigilier
they served their master in his house
and on his cultivated lands and may be
sold
the master grants them should he see fit
and providing that he has profited
through the their industry a portion of
their Harvest so they may work
Faithfully
one of the main costumes of tagalogs
during the time was their use of a
buying script or pre-colonial writing
system that was widely used throughout
the archipelago presidential noted the
tagalogs used by buying to write poems
songs and other literary works in the LA
in the Tagalog language
the script was also used to like a
historical events genealogies and other
important information
another important aspect of Tagalog
culture that Placentia documented was
their clothing
he noted that the tagalogs were loose
fitting clothing made of cotton or silk
men wore bahag or loincloth while women
or wild women were erupt around skirt
called tapis
and a short sleeve blouse
known as Baro they also adorned
themselves with jewelry such as neck
necklaces
bracelets and earrings made of gold
silver or other materials
religion was another important aspect of
Tagalog culture that Placentia
documented before the arrival of the
Spanish
the tagalogs had their own religious
beliefs which included the worship of
anitos or Spirits with the introduction
of Catholicism
tagalogs Incorporated some of the
indigenous belief into the new religion
resulting a syncretic faith that Blended
Catholicism and traditional beliefs
passenger noted that tagalogs held the
rituals and ceremonies to honor the
ancestors and various deities that
governed aspect of Nature and daily life
agriculture
agriculture was also an important part
of Tagalog culture that Placentia
observed he noted that tagalogs were
skilled farmers who cultivated rice
vegetables and other crops during
Advance techniques such as terracing
irrigation and crap rotation they also
used various tools and implementations
such as the flow Harrow and cycle to Aid
in their agricultural activities
what is the contribution and relevance
of the document in understanding the
grand Narrative of Philippine history
collection observation of the Society of
the people of Suson from Ice of an
outsider this would make us aware of the
cultures we had before the colonizers
controlled the ancestor costumes and
practices furthermore the book lets us
appreciate how our ancestors develop
this structure
it helped us understand and preserve
many of the traditional ways of the
local population
next is it helps understand and preserve
many traditional ways of the local
population
as far as the history of Philippines is
concerned
is quite exceptional not to mention as
well with its effects to the early legal
system of the county it did not only
preserve to austerity that formerly
unladen costumes traditions and videos
of the natives but it also gave the
Philippines its first civil code used by
alkales mayores in their administration
of justice
the civil code in a way we give the
natives the opportunity
and indispensable tool to protect and
defend themselves in legal cases and for
the uninvested resource of Justice
to conducted duties and obligations
accordingly
overall placentia's documentation
provides a detailed and comprehensive
account of costumes and traditions also
Tagalog people during the early years of
Spanish colonization
his writings offer valuable insights
into the social cultural and religious
practices of the tagalogs and provide a
glimpse into a rich and diverse Heritage
of the Philippines
as I am ending this lesson I would like
to show you this quote from our national
hero Dr Jose Rizal
he said the grand Narrative of the
Philippine history is a story of
struggle resistant and resilience that
continues to shape our nation today
thank you everyone I hope you learned a
lot from this lecture and see you on the
next video
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