Introduction to Building materials, their classification, environmental issues,
Summary
TLDRThis course delves into the critical understanding of building materials in the context of environmental sustainability and embodied energy. It highlights the importance of material selection for carbon neutrality, discusses traditional and green materials, and introduces innovative and smart materials. The script underscores the impact of urbanization on material demand, the need for eco-friendly construction, and the role of international trade in shaping the global building industry. It also emphasizes the market shift towards sustainable materials and the necessity for architects and engineers to innovate for a greener built environment.
Takeaways
- 🏗️ The importance of understanding building materials is underscored by their significant contribution to a building's embodied energy and the push towards carbon neutrality.
- 🌱 The course aims to educate on the selection of building materials and the potential for developing innovative, eco-friendly materials to reduce carbon footprint.
- 📈 There's a correlation between urbanization, population growth, and the increased demand for buildings, which in turn drives up the need for building materials like cement and steel.
- 🌍 The environmental impact of building materials is highlighted, with a focus on reducing emissions and adopting sustainable practices in construction, especially in developing nations.
- 🔍 The script emphasizes the need for life cycle assessment of building materials to understand their environmental burdens and human health impacts throughout their life cycle.
- 🌿 Green building materials are characterized by sustainability, energy efficiency, low environmental impact, recyclability, durability, non-toxicity, and water efficiency.
- 🏢 The market is increasingly favoring renewable and ecologically friendly building materials, influenced by the demand for Green Building certification.
- 🛠 The selection of building materials is influenced by factors such as climate, cost, availability of materials and skilled labor, construction technology, and the properties and quality of materials.
- 🏛 The choice of building materials affects the visual appeal, structural stability, and historic value of structures, and can convey different emotions and messages.
- 🔄 The transition from natural to man-made materials and the globalization of construction practices have transformed material sourcing and architectural styles.
- 🔬 Innovation in building materials is crucial for aligning the construction industry with sustainable development goals and addressing the negative impacts of conventional materials.
Q & A
Why is understanding building materials important for achieving carbon neutrality?
-Understanding building materials is crucial for carbon neutrality because a significant portion of embodied energy in buildings comes from the building envelope system. The selection of materials greatly contributes to the embodied energy, and being aware of this can help in choosing materials that reduce carbon footprint.
What is the relationship between urbanization and the demand for building materials?
-Urbanization, particularly in developing countries, leads to a growing population moving from rural to urban areas, increasing the demand for housing, commercial buildings, and infrastructure. This trend directly drives the need for more building materials, such as steel and cement, which are essential for construction projects.
How has the increase in skyscrapers from 2008 to 2018 impacted the building materials market?
-The significant rise in the number of skyscrapers constructed between 2008 and 2018 has led to an exponential increase in the demand for building materials, particularly cement, which is the most sought-after material after water in the building industry.
What is the connection between the growth in emissions from cement production and global warming?
-The exponential growth in emissions, particularly carbon dioxide, from cement production is directly related to global warming. As cement production increases to meet the demand for construction, it contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change.
How are developing nations addressing the issue of emissions in the construction industry?
-Developing nations are increasingly adopting eco-friendly construction materials to meet sustainability goals. They are also committing to reducing emissions, such as India's pledge to reduce emissions by 30 to 35% by 2030, and exploring alternatives like green and low carbon cement products.
What are the characteristics of green building materials?
-Green building materials are characterized by being sustainable, energy-efficient, having low environmental impact, being recyclable, durable, non-toxic, water-efficient, and capable of naturally decomposing. They also support local economies when locally sourced and may carry green building certifications.
How does the selection of building materials influence the environmental and health impacts of a building?
-The selection of building materials can greatly affect the environmental and health impacts of a building throughout its life cycle. Materials should be chosen for their low emissions, recyclability, non-toxicity, and ability to improve indoor air quality, thus reducing pollutants and health risks.
What is the significance of life cycle assessment in the context of building materials?
-Life cycle assessment is crucial for evaluating the environmental impact of building materials from extraction to disposal. It helps in understanding the burdens and impacts these materials have on the environment and human health throughout their life cycle.
Why is there an urgent need for innovation in building materials?
-There is an urgent need for innovation in building materials to align the construction industry with sustainable development goals and to address the negative impacts associated with conventional materials. Innovation can lead to new materials and technologies that are more environmentally friendly and efficient.
What factors influence the choice and selection of building materials in construction projects?
-The choice and selection of building materials are influenced by factors such as performance, qualities, applicability, climatic conditions, economic aspects, availability of materials and skilled labor, advances in construction technology, and the properties and quality of the materials that impact safety and aesthetics.
How does the classification of building materials based on environmental sustainability help in making construction more eco-friendly?
-Classifying building materials based on environmental sustainability helps in identifying materials that have less impact on the environment, such as vernacular, alternative, innovative, and advanced materials. This classification aids in making informed choices that contribute to eco-friendly construction practices.
Outlines
🏗️ Introduction to Building Materials and Embodied Energy
The script introduces a course focused on understanding various building materials and their environmental impact, emphasizing the importance of building materials in reducing embodied energy and achieving carbon neutrality. It outlines the course's intent to educate on material selection and the possibility of developing innovative building materials. The speaker also discusses the environmental benefits of traditional materials and the significance of green building materials in new constructions.
🌱 Urbanization and the Demand for Sustainable Building Materials
This paragraph discusses the impact of urbanization on the demand for building materials, particularly the increase in infrastructure projects in developing countries. It highlights the exponential growth in the construction of skyscrapers and the surge in demand for materials like cement and concrete. The script also addresses the high embodied energy of cement and the environmental implications of increased emissions from cement production, which contribute to global warming. The need for eco-friendly construction materials to meet sustainability goals is underscored, with a mention of commitments by countries to reduce emissions.
🛠️ Transitioning to Eco-Friendly Building Materials
The script emphasizes the need for a transition from traditional to eco-friendly building materials to reduce environmental impact and emissions. It discusses the role of architects, designers, and engineers in selecting materials that contribute less to global warming. The paragraph also touches on the efforts by cement manufacturers to develop greener products and the influence of international trade and investment on the global cement market. The importance of understanding the life cycle of building materials and the shift from natural to man-made materials is highlighted.
🌿 Characteristics and Requirements of Green Building Materials
The paragraph outlines the characteristics and requirements of green building materials, which include being environmentally friendly, recyclable, having low embodied energy, and causing minimal pollution. It stresses the importance of materials that improve indoor air quality, conserve water, and are locally sourced to reduce transportation energy. The script also mentions the significance of building materials that can naturally decompose after their life cycle and the advantages of materials with certifications like LEED or GRIHA.
🏙️ The Nexus Between Urbanization and Building Material Demand
This section of the script explores the connection between urbanization and the heightened demand for building materials, driven by the growing global urban population. It discusses the reliance on nonrenewable resources in the construction industry and the need for sustainable development. The paragraph also addresses the hazards of conventional building materials to the environment and human health, and the importance of life cycle assessment in evaluating their environmental impact.
🔄 Market Dynamics and the Selection of Building Materials
The script examines the market's shift towards renewable and ecologically friendly building materials, influenced by the demand for Green Building certification. It discusses the market's driving forces, including the sales boost of eco-friendly products like timber and insulation. The importance of innovation in construction materials to align with sustainable development goals is highlighted, along with the need for research and development to advance construction techniques and efficiency.
🏡 Factors Influencing Building Material Selection
This paragraph delves into the critical aspects of selecting building materials, considering factors such as climatic conditions, economic aspects, availability of materials and skilled labor, advances in construction technology, and the properties and quality of materials. It emphasizes the role of building materials in establishing the visual appeal and structural stability of a construction project, and how material selection can enhance the overall ambience and convey different messages through design.
📚 Classification of Building Materials Based on Sustainability
The script concludes with a classification of building materials based on their environmental sustainability, including vernacular, alternate, innovative, advanced, and smart building materials. It provides examples of each category and discusses their environmental friendliness and innovative aspects. The classification serves as a foundation for further exploration in the course, with a focus on understanding the environmental impact of various materials and their role in sustainable construction practices.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Embodied Energy
💡Carbon Neutral
💡Urbanization
💡Sustainable Building Materials
💡Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
💡Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
💡Green Building Certification
💡Non-Renewable Resources
💡Innovative Building Materials
💡Smart Building Materials
💡Vernacular Building Materials
Highlights
Importance of understanding building materials for embodied energy and carbon neutrality.
Course aims to expose students to various building materials and their environmental impacts.
Traditional building materials and their environmental benefits are the primary focus of the course.
Discussion on the characteristics and significance of green building materials in sustainable construction.
Exploration of carbon-negative building materials as a part of the course curriculum.
Urbanization and population growth drive the demand for buildings and building materials.
The exponential increase in skyscrapers from 2008 to 2018 and its impact on building material needs.
Cement and concrete are the most sought-after materials in the building industry.
The relationship between infrastructure development, government programs, and building material demand.
The exponential growth in emissions from cement production and its relation to global warming.
Developing nations adopting eco-friendly construction materials to meet sustainability goals.
Innovation in green and low carbon cement products and their market acceptance.
The role of architects, designers, and civil engineers in selecting low-emission building materials.
International trade and investment's influence on the global cement market and building industry.
Transition from natural to man-made materials and the impact on material sourcing and environmental sustainability.
The significance of building materials in green building practices and their nexus with urbanization.
Market dynamics driving the demand for renewable and ecologically friendly building materials.
The critical role of building material selection in construction based on performance, quality, and applicability.
Classification of building materials based on environmental sustainability for the course's further segments.
Transcripts
[Music]
[Music]
hello
all so uh I welcome you all to the
course which is about understanding the
various building materials
so why are why is it important for us to
understand about uh building materials
and it's use in
buildings is because a large part of uh
the embodied energy is contributed by
the building envelope
system and in that use of building
materials contributes a lot to the
embodied energy of the building
in order to go carbon neutral it is very
important that you are aware of the
selection of building materials it is
with that intent that I have developed
this course to expose you to the various
building
materials and how selection of those
building materials is very
important
also this course must also help you
understand understand that you can
yourself develop a new Innovative
Building Material if you want to if you
want to go carbon
neutral so let us start this
course so in this um no PP we will be
looking at the various classifications
of the building materials based
primarily on its environmental strengths
so I will not dwell more into the
physical uh Properties or chemical
properties of the building materials
because once the building material has
come out to be a accepted one and its
application is shown in buildings we
need to understand and assess its
environmental benefits primarily we will
look at traditional building materials
we look at the characteristics of
traditional building
materials what are Green Building
Materials what are the characteristics
and significance of materials in green
buildings we will also discuss a little
bit about carbon negative building
materials and we'll end with the
summary so
now what is the significance of having
to understand about building
materials now there is growing
population and
urbanization and uh this is changing the
phase in developing countries
as more people move from rural areas to
urban areas there is a growing demand
for many buildings especially housing
commercial buildings and also
infrastructure projects say like you
need to add more roads Bridges Railway
stations
Etc in developing countries like India
China Brazil and some of the African
nations this Urban ization trend is
particularly very high and it is very
pronounced and that has a direct
implication on the uh requirement of
number of buildings so growing number of
buildings you can
see you can see the trend
here right from
1960 the number of skyscrapers
is there is an exponential increase and
that increase is significant in the
last two decades or rather one decade
from 2008 to
2018 there has been a significant rise
in the requirement of number of
skyscrapers and more skyscrapers have
come up in the
world and because of this the
requirement of building materials has
also so escalated
tremendously so in order to meet the
demand of these
skyscrapers there is a humongous C surge
in the need for building
materials and growing population and
urbanization are driving the global
markets in terms of uh material such as
steel cement especially concrete it is
said that
after water the most sought after
material is cement in the building
industry so that is the amount of demand
for cement and you know very well what
cement contributes in terms of embodied
energy it's embodied energy is extremely
high now the development of
infrastructure is accelerated
by I know by the uh Global Market and
also by government programs and the
investment government is doing to know
help
buildings many developing nations are
aggressively pursuing infrastructure
projects to increase the meeting
demands and what is the relationship
between the growing number of buildings
and the emissions that uh they are
causing to the world you can see along
with the number of
Skyscraper the emission just from the
cement production is also
increasing exponentially so this
exponential uh growth in
emissions emissions is carbon dioxide
emissions is directly related also to
global warming so if you are in any um
in any case if you are a little aware of
the emissions that are being
caused and the uh no consequent global
warming then you have to be extremely
aware of the building materials that you
uh select or for use in your
buildings now the developing nations are
increasingly adopting eco-friendly
construction
materials in order to fulfill the
sustainability
goals in the
cop uh know there is a commitment by
every country about how much emissions
they would cut in order to decelerate
the global
warming so what would be the
contribution of every country India has
committed to at least 30 to 35%
reduction in its
emissions by
2030 and there and all other countries
have also given their commitment M and
in order to do that we need to
understand alternate building materials
which will cause less
emissions now cement manufacturers are
doing their small bit by developing
green and low carbon Cement Products and
these are also finding a lot of place in
the market so there are many ways in
which they are doing this um know
sometimes the fuel that is used they try
to go for an alternate fuel and so on
but everyone is trying their bit the way
that we as Architects designers and
civil engineers have to do our bit in
trying to understand which building
material is going to give less emission
and cause less harm and therefore
contribute to our sustainability
goals the rise of international trade
and investment in construction projects
has further boosted the global mobile
cement Market I'm just taking one
example of cement here to say what all
can be done and what all it causes so
this increase of construction activities
in developing nations is a pivotal
driver for the global building industry
market and this is also a global driver
for the extensive emission that is being
costed
so what should we do we need to go for a
transition of building materials over
time we cannot stick to the same thing
that we have been doing and expect any
results so building materials which are
the essential components in construction
are pivotal in determining a building's
life as well as
quality now there has been a notable
shift from predominantly natural
materials to a diverse range of man-made
materials and even sometimes composite
options that we have been using in our
buildings we have also tried to explore
biodegradable or no imperishable
choices the globalized nature of modern
construction has transformed material
sourcing from indigenous to
International because of the Advent of
inter ational style of architecture
around 1920s which said that all
building materials are available
throughout the world everyone has equal
access to cement steel glass concrete
and also the technology to use these
building materials so why not use these
building materials all over the world
now what has happened is two important
changes have happened because of this
kind of an approach first is we have
started designing
buildings which are not relevant to the
climate and second thing is we have
forgotten our indigenous building
materials this has impacted the
availability and characteristics of
building elements itself
throughout so these choices are
influenced by
factors such as say cost local
availability
environmental impact and specific
performance requirement
including how much they are earthquake
prone whether there that is we call as
sea smake or fire
resistance so examples of building
materials which Encompass masonry
concrete wood steel glass and more these
belong to this
category in the Contemporary landscape
ape no
sustainable uh practices technological
advancement and a focus on this kind of
very specific being earthquake resistant
or fire resistant building materials
these are shaping the trajectory of
building material use and the dynamic
structure of these
choices these choices underscores the
need
consideration along with balance ing our
economics requirements uh the desire and
the need to fulfill environmental
requirements and you know various
factors for successfully executing a
building
construction we need to become more
aware of the choices of building
materials that we make and we should
also understand why this transition ever
happened
let us now look at the changing
requirements of building
materials now an environmentally
friendly recyclable or high performing
material that minimizes its effects on
the environment and human health over
the course of its lifestyle life cycle
this is what we require so the building
material has to be extremely
environmentally friendly
it should not be emitting too much of uh
carbon dioxide it should be
recyclable and it should have low
embodied
energy it must lessen or make less the
pollutants which are indoors and
specifically formulated from non-toxic
organic and natural materials otherwise
it leads to a lot of health issues and
health problems in the the
occupants that is why even paints are
going low voc's so these building
materials must not only be uh know
eco-friendly in terms of its
environmental impact but they must also
cause no harm to the
inhabitants they must assist in Ro you
know re-rooting indoor air quality
liability claims while satisfying
demands and legal
standards so IAQ is very important to
avoid sick building syndrome and
therefore the building materials that we
select must also be supportive of it the
conservation of non-renewable resources
and reducing the environmental impact
must also be
imperative these building materials must
be recyclable products that improve to
the production environment and quality
of life they must have natural resource
depletion it should be very very minimum
so depletion of Natural Resources should
be
minimum they must not cause atmospheric
pollution and they must not contribute
to climate change they must also prevent
loss of
biodiversity and contamination of fresh
water resources so the building
materials choices must be dominated by
the ones that avoid natural resource
depletion atmospheric pollution climate
change and they must prevent
biodiversity and contamination of
freshwater resources so these are the
major requirements that we should look
at when we select building materials
what must be the characteristics
requirements of building
materials now Green Building Materials
are character characterized by many of
these factors they must be
sustainable which means they must be
derived from renewable or recycled
resources which should aim to reduce
Reliance on finite resources that we
have they must be highly energy
efficient they must have good insulating
properties in cold areas and they should
contribute to overall Energy Efficiency
so apart from being renewable or
recyclable with their reduced Reliance
on finite resources they must have
Superior insulation
properties as well as contributing to
overall Energy Efficiency they must have
have low environmental impact that is
they must be manufactured using
processes which have minimum
polluting so the process of producing
the building material itself must not
cause pollution and they must have
minimized impact on ecosystem so
ecosystem damage must be
minimal the building materials must be
recyclable
because recycling building materials
will reduce waste and it will help in
resource
conservation also the building materials
must be durable they must be designed
for a longer
lifespan they must be know capable of
reducing replacement otherwise embodied
energy of the building over a period of
the building's lifespan itself will keep
on increasing which is not a good thing
because again you are pumping in too
much of embodied energy into the
building and therefore it is directly
related to no emissions it should
minimize resource consumption over a
period of time so have Building Material
choices which has less maintenance and
upgradation the building materials must
be non-toxic that that is it should be
free from from harmful
toxins and it must improve indoor air
quality so the building material could
improve IAQ or at least it should not
harm the health of the individuals by
creating poor
iaqs it must be water efficient and
therefore it should promote water
conservation avoid building materials
which consume more water in terms of
their uh extraction or their production
and we must have low flow fixtures and
should think of rainwater harvesting
these are just extra things beyond the
building materials the building
materials after the life of the building
should be capable of naturally
decomposing and should go back to Nature
this will reduce the environmental
impact at the End Cycle of the building
the building materials must be locally
sourced so that the transportation
energy is reduced so in order to focus
on low Transportation energy have
building materials which are locally
produced and these materials will also
support the local economy of the place
the building materials you know may
carry certifications and therefore these
are all brownie points if you choose
building materials uh that know kind of
have carry a Green Building
certification if if you want to go for
labeling Eco labeling like lead or griha
and so
on let us now look at the significance
of building materials in Green Building
now in the context of Green Building
practices understanding the importance
of building materials is very crucial
because there is a Nexus between
urbanization and the heightened demand
of building
materials now this is also driven by
know uh growing herbal population so
urbanization and material demand it
drives the increased demand for building
materials so the demand for building
materials becomes more and this is
directly linked to the growing Global
Urban population because of
urbanization also the
nonrenewable resource concerns are also
very high because this industry heavily
relies on nonrenewable resources like
coal for uh know energy for its
production so this raising alarms about
depletion of non-renewable energy uh
resources and the need of sustainable
development in
construction also drives us to
understand about the various building
materials now there are issues with
conventional building materials because
growing Global awareness highlights the
hazards from the uh conventional
Building Materials in terms of specially
the environment and therefore it is
raising an alarm for us considering the
fact that we are always going on saying
that we need to reduce emissions we need
to reduce global warming and therefore
this becomes important
we also have to consider the importance
of having uh to reduce toxicity or
having nil toxicity inside and improve
our indoor air quality so conventional
materials they could contribute to
indoor air pollution by say use of uh no
VOC emissions these are these happen
especially through paints sometimes even
through the carpets so selection of
building material for paints and carpets
become very important and they pose a
risk to both human health as well as the
environment we must also understand the
environmental impact and life cycle
assessment so these materials contribute
to environmental burdens and human
health impacts throughout their life
cycle and therefore we need to
understand how life cycle assessment can
be used for evalu valuating the
environmental
impact then there is an urgent need for
innovation no doubt the industry
urgently quickly requires new materials
and Technology to align with sdgs and
address the negative impacts associated
with conventional building materials now
this Innovation is imperative to align
the industry with sustainable
development growth so that we address
the adverse effect associated with
conventional building materials or
modern building
materials now let us look at the market
requirement uh the Market's primary
driving force is a paradigm shift
towards renewable greenhouse
materials and also towards ecologically
friendly building materials so there is
a demand in the market that we need to
shift our choices of building materials
to
renewable uh materials as well as
ecologically friendly building materials
so renewable materials is important and
ecologically friendly building material
is also a requirement from the market
why is it important why is it coming
from the market because Green Building
certification is also becoming very
important so it is uh necessary for us
to have Green Building Materials in
order to go for certification also now
the market dynamics are boosting sales
of products which are say no
eco-friendly Timber or um uh green board
insulation in uh
buildings the Dynamics of Green Building
Material Market are likely to change by
Innovation and New Generation Advanced
Technologies which must be backed by
research and development by making them
more effective advancing the
construction techniques and increasing
efficiency now let us look at the choice
and selection of building materials the
selection of building materials is a
critical aspect of construction with
choices Guided by factors such as
performance
qualities and its
applicability the choice of building
materials it considers various factors
such as climatic conditions now this is
what has happened with the
internationalization of buildings I I am
using this word internationalization of
of buildings because this is where we
started using modern so-called modern
building materials with very can't uh
respect to the environment and the
climate of that place so even whether it
is a hot and dry climate or a warm and
humid climate we ended up using the same
building material and therefore the
choice of building materials now must
entail various factors such as climate
the economic aspects of budget what is
the cost of the building material will a
concrete block cost same as a mud block
when a mud block is good enough to
compensate for a place where concrete
block is used so economics becomes very
important availability of materials and
skilled labor so what is happening now
we have we are seeing one to one that
sand is getting depleted as a resource
so the availability of the material know
is reduced and I'm just giving sand as
example and also there must be
availability of skilled labor this is
also important when you choose a
building material don't choose a
building material which needs so much
Exquisite skilled uh manpower to execute
it because then it will lose its
popularity over time because the
building will not progress for lack lack
of skilled
labor advances in construction
technology must also be uh considered so
no advances in construction technology
further expands the array of available
materials because it starts introducing
Innovative options for enhanced building
performance the properties and so I will
number it as five then sixth one is the
properties and quality of selected uh
building materials it directly
influences the functional safety aspects
the functional aspect the aesthetic
aspects of the construction project so
for a construction project to be
functionally safe and durable
appropriate building materials have to
be used and we will be looking at the
classification of this these building
materials that will form a very
important part of this
course so we have come to understand
that there are certain U parameters
based on which we choose building
materials so these building materials
are an integral part of architecture and
they play a crucial role in determining
the visual appeal structural stability
and historic value of a structure the
choice of building materials it's
influenced by various factors such as
the site that you have where the
building is going to come up the nature
of the surroundings and the type of
buildings building materials establish a
relationship between the visual quality
as well as the structural stability
which is essential in creating a
structure that is both aesthetically
pleasing and structurally sound these
Building Material selection also High
lights the theme and the concept of the
design you cannot be designing a
building which produces eco-friendly
building materials but actually is you
know the production of the eco-friendly
building materials comes from a building
which is which has very high embodied
energy or which has a lot of emission so
they have to correlate certain things
have to be correlated in spirit so
different materials can evoke different
emotions in people and convey different
messages for example the use of wood in
structure can create a very warm and uh
no grounded feeling which which can be
very inviting whereas the use of exposed
concrete can create a very industrial
and a very gray and a very modern
feeling also because exposed concrete is
one of the characteristics of modern
architecture and that is something new
to the Indian vernacular
architecture so the selection of
building materials can enhance the
overall Ambience of the building it can
create a very cohesive and harmonious
structure the building materials also
play a crucial role in determining the
appropriate site for construction
project because the availability of
building materials and their suitability
in design can influence the location of
a project for example
if a project requires a specific type of
stone the site selected must have access
to that stone otherwise you are going to
increase the embodied energy by means of
transportation energy those stone is a
low emission Building Material compared
to concrete or steel but all that will
compensate in the increased
Transportation
energy the availability of building
materials can also impact the budget of
a construction project furthermore
building materials help trace the
evolution of the art of
construction the use of different
materials throughout history have
influenced the development of
architectural Styles and the techniques
the study of building materials can
produce insights into the cultural and
historic values of a society and the
evolution of construction
practices example Le is brihadishwara
Temple the kind of Ambience it creates
the kind of cultural and historical
ethos it has to the
society I will now get into the main
aspect which is what we will follow now
what are the classification of building
materials so building materials can be
classified as natural building materials
natural building materials are materials
that can be found in nature that require
very minimum processing say like mud or
wood whereas the synthetic building
materials which are know based on sorts
these are man-made manufactured
materials and they involve processing
for example
steel so the source of based on the
source of building materials we can have
natural build building materials and
synthetic building
materials based on the composition we
can have organic materials
and inorganic
materials so organic materials are raw
materials that require very little
chemical changes for example sand or
biomass so they are very minor um no
intervention is there you have to remove
the pellets you have to remove the uh
know uh things that you do not need and
so on whereas
inorganic building materials they are
processed with added components to
enhance their performance so it can be
something like lime we could know call
it as a based on composition then based
on sustainability building materials can
be classified we could have composite
materials
composite materials are natural
materials that are modified for improved
performance for example engineered
wood or
CLT so these are all composite materials
from nature because we are talking with
respect to sustainability you can have
Sustainable Building Materials which are
produced installed maintained with very
less environmental
impact for for example
bamboo and you can have non- Sustainable
Building M material which are intensely
modified with high environmental impact
these can be cement steel glass concrete
aluminum and so
on and
finally we move on
to building material classification
environmentally
because that is the Crux of this
course here we will classify building
materials as vernacular building
materials these building materials have
been used in for a very long time they
have proven to be useful to the human uh
beings in the in that particular
context these are mud Stone thatch bamb
B some binders straw Bell and Quarry
waste over time when there was a kind of
um awareness about being environmentally
sensitive we started developing what we
call as alternate building materials so
alternate building materials
use certain things which are considered
as waste and because Earth is not able
to sustain that much of Dum pumping of
the waste these are also incorporated
into building materials to produce what
is called as alternative building
materials those could be fly ash furnace
slag cross laminated Timber construction
demolition waste phospho gypsum hem
Crete paper creete irritated concrete
alternate
Aggregates then the third classification
is innovative building materials so
under under Innovative building
materials some something very new which
is very striking
attractive has come up and these are
bioluminescent paints milk paints
recycled
Plastics carbon dioxide absorbing
concrete and maybe aggro
bricks all of these are extremely
environmental friendly and moving
towards low carbon low emission building
materials we will also look at Advanced
building
materials like Fab Ash that is building
materials which incorporate the some
part of fabric or Ash of a fabric
because fabric waste is another huge
burden on the earth we will look at
light emitting concrete fiber reinforced
concrete melium composite bricks
geopolymer concrete living bricks
biolumin paints Ecco bind tiles and
permeable concrete and the last one is
the no genz kind of building materials
which I call as smart building materials
we will look at certain components as
well as certain other aspects like smart
Windows use of LCDs in buildings
photochromics thermochromic
electroluminescent titanium dioxide
thermotropic and electr chromy miix so
these this slide where you see the
building material classification based
on its environmental sustainability will
form the basis of further classes and
this course we will look at each
Building Material separately and that
will be the course I stop my class today
with this and we move on to our next
segment which is vernacular building
material in the next class thank you
[Music]
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