भारत के प्रमुख क्षेत्रीय राज्यों के साथ इस्ट इंडिया कंपनी के संबंध पार्ट 1|@co-vidyaclasses

co-vidya classes

7 Aug 202409:37

Summary

TLDRThis script delves into the historical relationships between the East India Company and major regional rulers in India, focusing on Bengal. It discusses the establishment of the first English factory in 1691, the rise of Murshid Quli Khan as the founder of an independent state, and the pivotal Battle of Plassey in 1757 that marked the beginning of British dominance in India. The narrative also touches on the significant figures and events in the history of other regions like Mysore and Avadh, highlighting key battles, treaties, and rulers that shaped the landscape of colonial India.

Takeaways

📜 The British East India Company established its first factory in Bengal at Hooghly in 1691.
👑 Murshid Quli Khan was the founder of the independent state of Bengal.
📍 Murshid Quli Khan moved the capital of Bengal from Dhaka to Murshidabad.
⚔️ The Battle of Gheria in 1740 was fought between Sarfaraz Khan and Alivardi Khan.
🏰 Siraj-ud-Daula was the Nawab of Bengal during the infamous Black Hole incident.
📖 The Treaty of Alinagar was signed in February 1757 between Siraj-ud-Daula and Clive.
⚔️ The Battle of Plassey on June 23, 1757, marked the beginning of British dominance in India.
👑 Mir Jafar was made the Nawab of Bengal by the British after the Battle of Plassey.
🏰 Haidar Ali became the ruler of Mysore in 1761 and established a significant arms depot with French assistance.
⚔️ The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799 resulted in the death of Tipu Sultan and the establishment of British control over Mysore.

Q & A

What was the relationship between East India Company and Bengal?
-The East India Company established its first factory in Bengal in 1691. Murshid Quli Khan, the founder of the autonomous state of Bengal, was given the title of Diwan and the new governor by the Company.
When was the first English factory established by the East India Company in Bengal, and where?
-The first English factory was established in 1691 in Hugli, Bengal.
Who was the founder of the autonomous state of Bengal and when did he move the capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad?
-Murshid Quli Khan was the founder, and he moved the capital after his death, during the reign of his successor, Alivardi Khan.
What significant battle occurred in 1740 between Sarfaraz Khan and Ali Vardi Khan?
-The Battle of Jalalabad occurred in 1740 between Sarfaraz Khan and Ali Vardi Khan, which was a significant conflict in Bengal's history.
Who was the Nawab of Bengal after Murshid Quli Khan's death?
-After Murshid Quli Khan's death, Alivardi Khan became the Nawab of Bengal.
What was the Black Hole of Calcutta incident, and when did it occur?
-The Black Hole of Calcutta incident was a notorious event that took place during the reign of Siraj Ud Daula, where 146 European prisoners were locked in a small cell with only one window, leading to many deaths due to heat and suffocation.
Who described the Black Hole of Calcutta incident, and what was his role?
-The incident was described by John Zephaniah Holwell, an East India Company official who was one of the survivors.
When did the Battle of Plassey occur, and what was its significance?
-The Battle of Plassey occurred on June 23, 1757, and marked the beginning of British dominance in India, securing the Company's control over Bengal.
Where was the battlefield of the Battle of Plassey located?
-The battlefield of the Battle of Plassey was located on the banks of the Bhagirathi River in the West Bengal district of Purnea.
Who was made the Nawab of Bengal after the Battle of Plassey?
-Mir Jafar was made the Nawab of Bengal after the Battle of Plassey, as a result of the British victory.
What was the significance of the Battle of Buxar, and when did it occur?
-The Battle of Buxar, which occurred on October 22, 1764, was significant as it established British paramountcy in India and led to the acquisition of the diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
Who was the British general that led the forces to victory in the Battle of Buxar?
-Major Hector Munro led the British forces to victory in the Battle of Buxar.
When were the diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa granted to the East India Company, and by whom?
-The diwani rights were granted to the East India Company on August 12, 1765, by the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
Who was the founder of the Awadh region and when did the city of Faizabad develop during his reign?
-The founder of Awadh was Saadat Khan, and the city of Faizabad developed during his reign in the 18th century.
What was the significance of the Battle of Seringapatam, and who led the British forces?
-The Battle of Seringapatam was significant as it marked the defeat of Tipu Sultan's forces. The British forces were led by General Arthur Wellesley, later known as the Duke of Wellington.
When did the Third Anglo-Mysore War occur, and what treaty ended it?
-The Third Anglo-Mysore War occurred from 1790 to 1792 and was ended by the Treaty of Seringapatam.
Who was the ruler of Mysore during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, and when did he die?
-Tipu Sultan was the ruler of Mysore during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, and he was killed on May 4, 1799.
Who was the British Governor-General during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, and who succeeded Tipu Sultan?
-Lord Mornington, later known as the Marquess Wellesley, was the British Governor-General during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. Tipu Sultan was succeeded by his son, Krishnaraja Wadiyar II.

Outlines

00:00

🏛️ Colonial Bengal and the East India Company

This paragraph discusses the relationship between Bengal and the East India Company. It begins with the establishment of the first English factory in Bengal in 1691 at Hugli and the role of Murshid Quli Khan as the founder of an independent state in Bengal. The paragraph covers his appointment as the Diwan and the subsequent transfer of the capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad by him. It also touches upon the Battle of Plassey in 1757, marking the beginning of British dominance in India, and the subsequent appointment of Mir Jafar as the Nawab of Bengal. The narrative includes significant historical events and figures such as the Black Hole of Calcutta incident, the Treaty of Alinagar in 1757, and the final governor of Bengal appointed by the Mughal Emperor before the British East India Company's influence took over.

05:00

🌟 Rise and Fall of Mysore and Maratha Empires

The second paragraph delves into the history of Mysore and the Maratha Empires' interactions with the British East India Company. It starts with the rise of Hyder Ali and his establishment of a modern arsenal in Dindigul with the help of French experts. The paragraph outlines the key battles and treaties, including the Anglo-Mysore Wars, the Treaty of Srirangapatnam, and the eventual defeat of Tipu Sultan, who established his capital in Srirangapatnam and introduced modern diplomatic missions to foreign countries. The narrative also covers the Maratha Empire, highlighting key figures like Madhav Rao, Narayan Rao, and the pivotal Third Battle of Panipat. It discusses the treaties and battles that shaped the relationship between the Maratha Empire and the British, leading up to the eventual British control over large parts of India.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡East India Company

The East India Company was a British company formed for the exploitation of trade with East and Southeast Asia and India. In the video's context, it played a significant role in the colonization of Bengal and other regions in India, establishing its first factory in 1691 and later engaging in various conflicts and treaties that expanded its influence in the subcontinent.

💡Bengal

Bengal refers to a region in the Indian subcontinent that historically includes present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. It was a key area for the East India Company's activities, as mentioned in the script with the establishment of a factory and the shifting of the capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad.

💡Murshid Quli Khan

Murshid Quli Khan was the founder of the autonomous Bengali state and served as the Diwan and first Nawab of Bengal under the East India Company's influence. His role is significant in the script as he marked the beginning of a period of relative independence for Bengal before the Company's deeper involvement.

💡Nawab

A Nawab is a historical title for a Muslim prince or noble, often used in the context of the Indian subcontinent. In the script, the term is used to refer to various rulers of Bengal, such as Murshid Quli Khan and his successors, who held power under the East India Company's influence.

💡Battle of Plassey

The Battle of Plassey, fought in 1757, was a decisive event that marked the beginning of British dominance in India. The script mentions this battle as a key moment where the East India Company's military forces defeated Siraj Ud Daula, leading to the establishment of British authority in Bengal.

💡Siraj Ud Daula

Siraj Ud Daula was the last independent Nawab of Bengal before the British East India Company's rule. His defeat in the Battle of Plassey, as mentioned in the script, signifies a turning point in the history of Bengal and the expansion of British colonial power in India.

💡Clive of India

Clive of India, or Robert Clive, was a key figure in the establishment of British power in India as a representative of the East India Company. The script refers to him in the context of the Battle of Plassey and his role in the subsequent treaties and agreements that shaped British control over Bengal.

💡Buxar

The Battle of Buxar, fought in 1764, was another significant conflict that consolidated British power in India. The script mentions this battle as an important event where the East India Company defeated the combined forces of the Mughal Emperor and the Nawabs of Bengal and Oudh.

💡Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire was a historical empire in South Asia that, at its peak, covered much of the Indian subcontinent. In the script, the empire's decline is referenced in relation to its interactions with the East India Company, particularly in the context of the Battle of Buxar and the subsequent treaties.

💡Tipu Sultan

Tipu Sultan was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and a prominent figure in resisting British expansion in India. The script mentions him in the context of his military conflicts with the East India Company, highlighting his efforts to modernize his army and establish diplomatic relations with foreign powers.

💡Maratha

The Marathas were a prominent power in India, with a confederacy that rose to prominence in the 17th century. The script discusses the Marathas' conflicts with the British East India Company, known as the Anglo-Maratha Wars, which were significant in shaping the political landscape of India.

Highlights

The East India Company's relationship with Bengal and the establishment of their first factory in 1691 in Hughli.

Murshid Quli Khan, the founder of the autonomous state of Bengal and his appointment as the Diwan and new Governor by the British.

The relocation of Bengal's capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad by Murshid Quli Khan.

The Battle of Plassey in 1740 between Sarfaraz Khan and Ali Vardi Khan, marking the beginning of British dominance in India.

The infamous Black Hole of Calcutta incident during the reign of Alivardi Khan.

The description of the Black Hole of Calcutta by Robert Clive, a key figure in British India's history.

The signing of the Alinagar Treaty in February 1757 between Siraj Ud Daula and the British, under the governance of Lord Clive.

The appointment of the last Mughal appointed Governor of Bengal, Murshid Quli Khan, in 1717.

The Battle of Plassey, considered a decisive moment for the British East India Company in India, took place on the banks of the Bhagirathi River.

The aftermath of the Battle of Plassey, where the British made Mir Jafar the new Nawab of Bengal.

The claim by K.M. Panikkar that the Battle of Plassey was a conspiracy involving wealthy Bengali merchants and Mir Jafar.

The establishment of British rule in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa after the Battle of Buxar in 1764.

The significance of the Battle of Buxar in solidifying British supremacy in India, more so than the Battle of Plassey.

The appointment of Major Hector Munro as the commander of the English forces that defeated Mir Kasim's army in the Battle of Buxar.

The transfer of the diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to the East India Company by Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II in 1765.

The first contact between the British and the Khasi and Silhet hill tribes after the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765.

The development of Lucknow as the capital of Awadh under the reign of Shuja-ud-Daula post-1754.

The Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, which marked a significant event in the history of Indian subcontinent.

The establishment of modern diplomatic missions abroad by Indian rulers, exemplified by Tipu Sultan.

Tipu Sultan's proposal to establish a Jacobin Club in Srirangapatnam, showing his progressive outlook.

The year 1787 when Tipu Sultan adopted the title of 'Citizen', reflecting his unique approach to governance.

The Third Anglo-Mysore War from 1790 to 1792 and its conclusion with the Treaty of Srirangapatnam.

The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799 and the death of Tipu Sultan in the battle against the British on May 4, 1799.

The installation of Krishnaraja Wadiyar II as the ruler of Mysore after the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War.

The alliance between the British and Krishnaraja Wadiyar II, which played a crucial role in the Anglo-Mysore Wars.

The rise of Awadh and its founder, Saadat Khan, who was granted the title of Burhan-ul-Mulk by Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah in 1739.

The Battle of Buxar in 1764, a pivotal moment that led to the British acquiring the diwani rights of Bengal.

The shifting of the capital of Awadh from Faizabad to Lucknow by Asaf-ud-Daula in the 18th century.

The alliance between the British and the last Nawab of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah, during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

The construction of the famous Imtiaz Mahal by Begum Samru, a prominent female ruler in the region.

The Maratha Empire's interactions with the British East India Company, particularly after the Third Battle of Panipat.

The rise and fall of the Peshwas, with Madhav Rao's tenure from 1761 to 1772, followed by Narayan Rao and the assassination of the latter by Raghunath Rao.

The First Anglo-Maratha War from 1765 to 1782 and its conclusion with the Treaty of Salbai.

The Second Anglo-Maratha War from 1803 to 1805 and the decisive victory of the British under General Arthur Wellesley.

The Third Anglo-Maratha War from 1817 to 1818 and the final subjugation of the Maratha Empire under British rule.