PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 - Qualitative and Quantitative Research - EP.5 (Research Simplified)
Summary
TLDRThis video from 'Research Simplified' explores the key differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. It covers objectives, data description, sampling, data gathering, analysis, and outcomes. Quantitative research tests hypotheses with numerical data and statistical tools, while qualitative research aims to understand human experiences through words, narratives, and thematic analysis. Both approaches use inquiry and immersion to improve human lives, but the choice between them depends on the researcher's comfort with numbers or words and the nature of the research topic.
Takeaways
- 🎯 The primary objective of quantitative research is to prove or disprove a hypothesis, while qualitative research aims to understand human experiences, behaviors, and emotions.
- 📊 In quantitative research, data is numerical and analyzed using statistical tools to measure variables, whereas qualitative research uses descriptive words, narrations, and stories to convey information.
- 🔍 Quantitative research typically involves a large sample size from the population, in contrast to qualitative research, which may only require a few participants depending on the topic and research nature.
- 📝 Data gathering in quantitative research is standardized, often using surveys and questionnaires with closed-ended questions, while qualitative research employs open-ended questions through interviews, immersion, and group discussions.
- 📐 Quantitative data analysis relies on statistical tools and formulas, such as Pearson's or Spearman's correlation, whereas qualitative analysis involves thematic analysis to categorize participant responses into themes.
- 📜 Both quantitative and qualitative research use textual forms for data analysis and interpretation, emphasizing the importance of understanding the human perspective.
- 🔑 Both research types begin and end with a problem, applying inquiry, investigation, and potentially immersion to improve human lives by finding solutions or improvements.
- 📉 Quantitative research outcomes are presented as conclusions that answer the research questions, while qualitative research outcomes are new insights that aim to enhance the understanding of the human mind.
- 🤔 The choice between quantitative and qualitative research depends on the researcher's comfort with numbers or words and the nature of the research topic.
- 🌟 Neither research method is inherently better than the other; the selection should be based on the specific requirements and goals of the research at hand.
- 👋 The video concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the similarities and differences between the two research methods and choosing the appropriate one for the research topic.
Q & A
What is the primary goal of quantitative research?
-The primary goal of quantitative research is to prove or disprove a hypothesis using statistical tools and numerical data.
What is the main objective of qualitative research?
-The main objective of qualitative research is to understand human behavior, experiences, and emotions without necessarily testing a hypothesis.
How is data described in quantitative research?
-In quantitative research, data is described using numbers, which are calculated and interpreted using statistical tools to measure variables.
What method of data description is used in qualitative research?
-Qualitative research uses words to describe data, including narrations, stories, experiences, perceptions, and viewpoints of the observed subjects.
What is the typical sample size for quantitative research?
-Quantitative research typically uses a large sample size from the population, which can range from 30 to 100 or even thousands of participants.
How many participants are usually required in qualitative research?
-Qualitative research requires a limited number of participants, which can be as few as three, depending on the topic and nature of the research.
What are some common methods of data gathering in quantitative research?
-Common methods of data gathering in quantitative research include survey questionnaires and checklists, where answers are tallied and percentages are calculated.
How is data gathered in qualitative research?
-Data in qualitative research is gathered through open-ended interviews, immersion where researchers participate in the lives of participants, and group discussions.
What tools are used for data analysis in quantitative research?
-Quantitative research uses statistical tools and instruments such as Pearson's correlation, Spearman's rank, and percentile deviation for data analysis.
What is the primary method of data analysis in qualitative research?
-The primary method of data analysis in qualitative research is thematic analysis, where answers are categorized into themes or categories.
What are the outcomes referred to in quantitative research?
-In quantitative research, the outcomes are referred to as conclusions, which identify answers to the questions set forth in the study.
How are the outcomes of qualitative research described?
-The outcomes of qualitative research are described as new insights, aiming to cultivate a higher validity of understanding the human mind.
What similarities exist between quantitative and qualitative research?
-Both quantitative and qualitative research apply inquiry, investigation, and immersion, aim to improve human lives, use textual forms for data analysis, and start and end with a problem.
Which type of research is considered easier to write, and what determines this?
-The ease of writing either quantitative or qualitative research depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words, descriptions, and explanations.
Outlines
🔍 Understanding Research Objectives: Quantitative vs. Qualitative
This paragraph introduces the video's focus on comparing qualitative and quantitative research methods. It highlights the different objectives of each approach: quantitative research aims to prove or disprove hypotheses using statistical tools, while qualitative research seeks to understand human behavior, experiences, and emotions without relying on hypotheses. The paragraph sets the stage for further exploration of the two methodologies.
📊 Data Description, Sampling, and Gathering in Research
This section delves into the specifics of data description, sampling techniques, and data gathering for both quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research uses numerical data and large samples, employing statistical analysis for variable measurement. In contrast, qualitative research relies on words, narratives, and smaller, more focused participant groups. The paragraph also mentions various sampling methods and the structured nature of quantitative data gathering through surveys and questionnaires, versus the open-ended, interview-based approach of qualitative research.
📚 Data Analysis and Research Outcomes
The final paragraph discusses the analysis and outcomes of both research types. Quantitative research utilizes statistical tools and formulas to analyze data, aiming for conclusions that answer predefined questions. Qualitative research, on the other hand, employs thematic analysis to categorize participant responses into themes or categories. The outcomes of quantitative research are conclusions, while qualitative research provides new insights into the human mind. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the similarities between the two approaches, such as their investigative nature, goal of human improvement, and textual analysis of data, and ends with a reminder that the choice of research method depends on the researcher's comfort with numbers or words.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Qualitative Research
💡Quantitative Research
💡Hypothesis
💡Data Description
💡Sampling
💡Data Gathering
💡Thematic Analysis
💡Conclusions
💡Insights
💡Improvement
💡Inquiry
Highlights
Introduction to identifying similarities and differences between qualitative and quantitative research.
Objective of research: Quantitative aims to prove/disprove a hypothesis; Qualitative seeks to understand human experiences.
Data description: Quantitative uses numbers and statistical tools; Qualitative uses words, narrations, and stories.
Sampling differences: Quantitative often uses larger sample sizes, while Qualitative may require fewer participants.
Data gathering methods: Quantitative uses surveys and questionnaires; Qualitative employs interviews and immersion.
Data analysis techniques: Quantitative utilizes statistical analysis; Qualitative focuses on thematic analysis.
Outcomes of research: Quantitative leads to conclusions; Qualitative provides new insights into human understanding.
Similarities between the two: Both involve inquiry, investigation, and may require immersion.
Both research types aim to improve human lives by understanding situations and seeking solutions.
Both use textual forms for data analysis and interpretation.
Research processes in both types start and end with a problem.
The choice between quantitative and qualitative depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words.
Neither research method is inherently better; the choice depends on the nature of the topic.
Discussion of various sampling methods such as random sampling, fishbowl method, and purposive sampling.
Importance of building trust and creating a comfortable atmosphere in qualitative research for participant sharing.
Explanation of structured and unstructured questions in qualitative research to understand the human mind.
Quantitative research's standardized and structured approach with closed-ended questions.
Future discussions on data analysis techniques in both research types in upcoming videos.
Transcripts
[Music]
finally the time has arrived for us to
identify the similarities and the
differences between qualitative
and quantitative research this is mamika
and you're watching
research simplified
[Music]
for this lesson we're going to look at
the following aspects
objective data description sample
data gathering data analysis
and outcomes
[Music]
let us start with the objective the
objective serves as the goal or the end
of a research if you are writing a
quantitative research
then your goal is to either prove or
disprove a certain hypothesis
that means you have a hypothesis in mind
and your task is to test if this
hypothesis
is null or alternative whereas when we
say qualitative research
your goal or your objective has nothing
to do with hypothesis
rather your goal is to understand
the minds of humans their behavior
and their experiences that is when we
conduct a qualitative research
our main goal is to gain an
understanding of humans
feelings experiences and emotions
next is data description in describing
our data
when it is for quantitative research we
use numbers
these numbers are calculated and
interpreted using statistical tools
for us to measure the variables that we
have in the study
however when we say qualitative instead
of using numbers
we use words in describing or in giving
information
about our topic here we include
narrations
the stories or the lives of the people
that we are observing
and their experiences their perceptions
their viewpoints
the next one is sampling when it comes
to sampling
in quantitative research we use
a large sample from our population
whereas when we write a qualitative
research very limited participants are
required
the number depends of course upon your
topic
and the nature of your research
quantitative may require
about probably 30 to 100 or even
thousands of participants
but when it comes to qualitative it may
only require
even just three participants again it
depends upon
the topic and the nature of your study
there are many methods when it comes to
sampling we have the random sampling
fishbowl method purposive sampling
cluster sampling
and a lot more we will be further
discussing those in our next videos
next is data gathering when it comes to
gathering our data in quantitative
research
we use survey questionnaires or
checklists
wherein what we do is we tally the
answers of our participants
that is why we make use of numbers here
the majority always
wins we calculate the percentage of the
people who answered yes and who answered
no
who answered satisfied and unsatisfied
that is how we conduct
the data gathering in quantitative
research it is standardized or
structured
and we use close-ended questions
wherein we provide a limited set of
options for the answers of our
participants
however when we say qualitative research
the questions are open-ended it may be
structured
and unstructured at the same time
because the way we gather data is by
interviewing our participants again our
goal here
our objective is to understand the human
mind
we want to hear their stories in their
experiences
their beliefs and their perceptions and
in order to do that
we conduct interviews we may also do
immersion
wherein we participate as the
researchers we participate
in the lives or in the work of our
participants
for us to better understand where
they're coming from
or we may also do group discussions
wherein we gather our participants and
then we discuss with them
our topic it is very important that we
build
the trust and the right atmosphere so
that our participants will
feel comfortable to share the things
that they want to share
next in data analysis when it comes to
quantitative research
we use statistical tools instruments and
treatment
here you will encounter pearson's are
spearman's role percentile deviation and
a lot more
formulas and computations required for a
particular type of quantitative study
however when it comes to qualitative
research what we do
is thematic analysis thematic analysis
is again when from the answers of our
participants
we find the themes or the categories
where their answers may be categorized
into we will further discuss this as
well
in our future videos now for the
outcomes when it comes to
quantitative research we use the word
conclusions
that is we identify the answers to the
questions that we've set
in our chapter 1. in qualitative
research however
we use the term new insights game hoping
that through these
insights these new insights we have
cultivated
a higher validity of understanding the
human mind
now that we know their differences at
this point let us look at
how similar they are
[Music]
both guanti and quali apply inquiry
investigation and immersion again
immersion if it is necessary
both of them also aim for improving the
lives of humans
by helping us understand the situations
that we are in
the way people think and by looking for
solutions
or further improvements to the current
solutions that we have
both of them also make use of textual
forms
in analyzing and interpreting their data
of course both
of them also start and end with a
problem
now for the most popular question which
is easier
is it easier to write a quantitative
research or a qualitative research
the answer is it depends upon the writer
if you are more comfortable using
numbers
then i suggest you use the quantitative
research writing but if you are more
comfortable with words
with descriptions with explanations then
i suggest you go for
qualitative research writing now these
sum up the similarities and the
differences between the two
again nothing is better than the other
it really depends upon the nature of
your topic
that's it for this episode see you on
the next video
god bless
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