Flow proses pengolahan limbah cair | #WWTP #wastewater_treatment

Summary

This video script provides an informative overview of the wastewater treatment process (WWTP). It details the journey of waste from the inlet tank, where it's equalized and large particles are removed, to the separation of oil and grease in a primary settling tank. The script explains the chemical treatment involving neutralization, coagulation, and flocculation in a dissolved air flotation system. It also covers biological treatment, sedimentation, and the use of activated sludge. The video concludes with the discussion of post-treatment options like lamella clarifiers and carbon filters, emphasizing the importance of proper waste management in maintaining environmental standards.

Takeaways

• 🌐 The video discusses the general process of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP).
• 🏗️ Waste from production is initially collected in an inlet tank, which also helps in equalizing the characteristics of the waste before treatment.
• 🚰 The waste is then pumped to a bar screen or grit chamber, where larger debris is separated to avoid disrupting subsequent processes.
• 🌀 If the waste contains fats and oils, it is first directed to a pre-treatment area to separate these substances before moving to the equalization tank.
• 🚰 The separated fats and oils are sent to an anaerobic tank for processing or to a storage tank for third-party collection.
• 🔄 In the equalization tank, mixing is achieved using a motor gearbox, agitator, or air from a blower to stabilize the waste characteristics.
• 🌡️ The waste then moves to a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system where it undergoes neutralization, coagulation, and flocculation processes.
• 🧪 Chemicals like NaOH, HCL, or H2SO4 are added to adjust the pH, followed by coagulants and flocculants to form flocs that can be easily separated.
• 🌊 The treated waste then flows to aeration tanks where biological processes, aided by air supply from blowers, help degrade pollutants.
• 🏗️ Sludge formed during these processes is sent to sludge storage tanks like slide holding tanks or thickeners for further treatment.
• 🚰 Finally, the effluent is sent to a sedimentation or clarifier tank to separate the flocs from the water, with the clarified water being discharged and the sludge returned to the aeration tanks or disposed of.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the influent tank in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)?

The influent tank serves as an initial storage for the incoming waste and helps to equalize the characteristics of the waste before it is processed further.

What is the role of screening in the WWTP process?

Screening separates large solids from the waste to prevent them from interfering with the subsequent treatment processes.

Why is equalization necessary in WWTP?

Equalization ensures that the waste characteristics are uniform, which is important for the consistency of the treatment process.

How are fats and oils treated in the WWTP process?

Fats and oils are first separated from the waste in a pre-treatment step before they are sent to the equalization tank. They may then be processed in an anaerobic tank or stored for removal by a third party.

What is the function of a blower in the equalization tank?

A blower provides air to the equalization tank to facilitate mixing, which is essential for the uniformity of the waste characteristics.

What are the four processes that occur in a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system?

The four processes in a DAF system are neutralization, coagulation, flocculation, and flotation.

What is the purpose of adding NaOH or HCL/H2SO4 in the neutralization process?

NaOH is added if the waste is acidic to increase the pH, while HCL or H2SO4 is added if the waste is basic to decrease the pH, ensuring it is neutral for further treatment.

What is the role of coagulants and flocculants in the WWTP process?

Coagulants and flocculants are added to the waste to promote the formation of larger particles, which can then be easily separated from the water through flotation or sedimentation.

How is the sludge treated in a WWTP?

The sludge is sent to a sludge holding tank and may be further treated using methods like belt filter presses or centrifuges.

What is the purpose of biological treatment in the WWTP process?

Biological treatment involves the use of bacteria to degrade pollutants in the waste, which is facilitated by the addition of air from a blower to increase the oxygen content in the waste.

What is the role of a clarifier or lamella clarifier in the WWTP process?

A clarifier or lamella clarifier is used to separate the formed flocs from the treated water, allowing the clear water to be collected separately.

What is the purpose of post-treatment in WWTP?

Post-treatment, which may include processes like lamella clarifiers, high-rate clarification, and sand or carbon filtration, is used to further purify the water before it is discharged into the environment.

What is the final step in the WWTP process before the water is released?

The final step is the storage of treated water in an effluent tank before it is discharged. Some facilities may also include an intermediate or buffer tank for the water to be held before further treatment or release.