3.5 – Case study - Integrated coastal zone management in Indonesia [NbS for the local communities]

Summary

The video discusses the implementation of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, to combat disaster risks such as coastal flooding and land subsidence. It highlights the importance of nature-based solutions like mangrove conservation and restoration, which not only enhance community resilience to climate change but also have direct economic benefits. The video emphasizes the need for a multi-disciplinary, holistic approach involving various stakeholders to ensure sustainable development and reduce vulnerability to natural disasters and climate change impacts.

Takeaways

• 🌊 Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is being implemented in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, to address disaster risks such as coastal flooding, salinity, and land subsidence.
• 🌿 Nature-based solutions, including ecosystem-based measures, are central to the ICZM approach, particularly the conservation of mangrove ecosystems for flood risk management.
• 🏙️ Semarang faces significant problems with tidal inundation, land subsidence, and urbanization, which are exacerbated by uncontrolled urbanization and over-exploitation of groundwater.
• 🏗️ Structural measures for coastal zone management in Semarang include flood control, embankments, drainage systems, shoreline reclamation, and other infrastructure.
• 🤝 Non-structural measures focus on strengthening disaster management frameworks, coastal planning, and education, often implemented by local communities and NGOs.
• 🌳 The importance of mangrove ecosystems is highlighted, as they protect coastal areas from erosion and flooding, and increase community resilience to climate change.
• 💰 Economic losses due to mangrove degradation underscore the environmental issue's significance, with an estimated loss of around $61,000 per hectare per year.
• 🌱 Ecosystem-based measures in Semarang aim to protect and restore mangrove forests, which have direct economic value by also safeguarding fish ponds.
• 📚 Local mangrove restoration and conservation programs are established to enhance the adaptive capacity of coastal communities, including the Village Climate Program.
• 🔍 The case study of Semarang demonstrates the effectiveness of ICZM as a planning instrument that integrates ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction into sustainable development strategies.
• 👥 The implementation of these measures requires a holistic approach involving institutional and legal development, environmental management, public awareness, and stakeholder participation.

Q & A

What is Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)?

ICZM is a multi-disciplinary approach to manage populated coastal areas exposed to multiple hazards, promoting sustainable management of coastal zones through a dynamic, iterative process that includes information collection, planning, decision-making, management, and monitoring of implementation.

Why is ICZM being implemented in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia?

ICZM is being implemented in Semarang to address disaster risks such as coastal flooding, salinity, and land subsidence, using integrated approaches and nature-based solutions to reduce flood risk.

What are the key factors for successful ICZM implementation?

Key factors include a focus on nature-based solutions, a multi-disciplinary approach, attention to ecosystem-based measures, and the involvement of various stakeholders at different scales.

What are the structural measures included in Semarang's coastal zone management?

Structural measures include flood control, embankments for low-lying areas, drainage systems, shoreline reclamation, pumping stations, and polder facilities.

What are the non-structural measures in Semarang's ICZM?

Non-structural measures focus on strengthening the organizational framework for disaster management, coastal planning and management, and education, mainly implemented by local community groups and non-government organizations.

Why are mangrove ecosystems important for flood risk management in Semarang?

Healthy mangrove ecosystems can protect coastal areas from erosion and flooding, increase community resilience to climate change effects, and have direct economic value by protecting fish ponds and other local resources.

What is the economic loss due to the degradation of mangrove ecosystems in Semarang?

The economic loss due to mangrove degradation is estimated at around 61,000 U.S. dollars per hectare per year, highlighting the importance of addressing this environmental issue.

How does the conservation and restoration of mangroves contribute to the local economy in Semarang?

Conservation and restoration efforts protect and restore the ecosystem, providing direct economic benefits by safeguarding fish ponds and local resources, and offering income alternatives to local communities.

What challenges does Semarang face in establishing ICZM measures?

Challenges include limited financial resources, the need to relocate people from flood-prone areas, local resistance, loss of public support, and the need for more effective community participation in decision-making.

How does the decentralization of coastal management in Semarang contribute to making DRR solutions sustainable?

Decentralization strengthens local commitment, which is crucial for making disaster risk reduction solutions sustainable by involving various stakeholders and ensuring a holistic approach to planning and monitoring.

What does the recent massive flooding in 2021 indicate about the current flood risk management approach in Semarang?

The 2021 flooding indicates that the current approach is not sufficient and that there is much room for improvement, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach, continued monitoring, and evaluation of the effectiveness of ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction measures.