कंप्यूटर का आविष्कार कब और किसने किया ? HISTORY AND INVENTION OF COMPUTER.

Summary

This video explores the fascinating evolution of computers, tracing their history from ancient tools like the abacus to modern-day supercomputers. It highlights key milestones, including the invention of the digital computer by Blaise Pascal, the mechanical innovations of Charles Babbage, and the development of electronic and programmable computers such as ENIAC and ABC. The video also delves into the rise of personal computers and the role of artificial intelligence in today's technology. Finally, it showcases India's contribution to the computing world, including the creation of India's first computers and supercomputers like PARAM 8000.

Takeaways

• 😀 The invention of the computer stemmed from the need for mathematical operations, which led to continuous improvements by scientists and engineers over time.
• 😀 Computers, which once occupied entire rooms, have now become compact, fitting into screens as small as 24 inches, while usage has significantly increased.
• 😀 In today's digital age, computers have replaced traditional paperwork in most sectors, including private offices, government institutions, and banks.
• 😀 The history of computers dates back to around 3000 years ago, with the earliest form of calculation device, the abacus, invented by the Babylonians in 300 BC.
• 😀 The first digital computer was invented by French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1642, serving as a mechanical calculator for basic arithmetic operations.
• 😀 The first mechanical computer was created by Charles Babbage in 1822, and it was followed by his more advanced design, the Analytical Engine in 1830.
• 😀 Charles Babbage is often called the 'Father of the Computer' due to his significant contributions, which laid the foundation for modern computer technology.
• 😀 The first programmable electronic computer, the ENIAC, was developed in 1945, and it was capable of solving large numerical problems quickly.
• 😀 The development of computers progressed through five generations: starting with vacuum tubes, followed by transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and finally, the era of artificial intelligence (AI).
• 😀 The first computers in India were introduced in 1952, with significant milestones such as the arrival of the HEC-2M digital computer in 1956, marking the beginning of India's computer era.

Q & A

What is the origin of the invention of computers?

The invention of computers traces back to ancient times, around 300 BC, when the Babylonians in China created the Abacus, a simple mechanical tool used for calculations.

Who is credited with the invention of the first digital computer?

The first digital computer was invented by the French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1642. It was a mechanical calculator used for adding numbers.

What was Charles Babbage's contribution to computing?

Charles Babbage is known as the 'Father of Computers.' He invented the Analytical Engine in 1830, which was a more advanced mechanical computer capable of solving complex mathematical problems.

What was the significance of the Analytical Engine?

The Analytical Engine, designed by Charles Babbage, was significant because it could store information in permanent memory and was capable of performing all kinds of mathematical operations, laying the foundation for modern computers.

What was the first electronic computer?

The first electronic computer was the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC), invented by Dr. John Vincent Atanasoff and his student Clifford Berry in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

What is ENIAC and why is it important?

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), created in 1945, was the first programmable general-purpose electronic computer. It could perform calculations in 30 seconds that would have taken humans 20 hours to complete.

How did the computer evolve through its generations?

The evolution of computers is categorized into five generations: the first generation (1940-56) used vacuum tubes; the second generation (1956-63) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors; the third generation (1964-72) introduced integrated circuits; the fourth generation (1972-present) introduced microprocessors; and the fifth generation (2010-present) focuses on artificial intelligence (AI).

What was the first computer used in India?

The first computer in India was installed in 1952 by Dwijesh Dutta Majumdar at the Indian Statistical Institute in Kolkata, which was an analog computer.

What was the significance of the HEC-2M computer in India?

The HEC-2M, installed in 1956 in India, was the first digital computer in the country. It was used for scientific and geographic calculations and marked the beginning of India’s computer age.

How did India contribute to supercomputing advancements?

India's first supercomputer, the PARAM 8000, was developed in 1991 by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) under the leadership of Dr. Vijay P. Bhatkar. It was the most powerful computer of its time and helped establish India as a significant player in the field of supercomputing.