How to Become a Fashion Designer
Summary
TLDREl guion del video ofrece un plan de estudio para aspirantes a diseñadores de moda, basado en programas de escuelas estadounidenses. Cubre desde la teoría del color y el diseño, hasta la sostenibilidad y la construcción de prendas. Aboga por la educación autodidacta y la importancia de conocer técnicas y procesos, con recomendaciones de libros y enlaces a recursos. Destaca la relevancia de Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop, y la necesidad de entender la historia de la moda y las prácticas de negocio para aquellos que desean iniciar su propia línea o trabajar como freelancers.
Takeaways
- 🎓 Empezar una carrera en diseño de moda puede hacerse a través de la educación formal, auto-empleo o como freelancer.
- 🏫 Una educación formal en diseño de moda incluye obtener un título universitario y aprender procesos y teorías básicas.
- 🛠️ El auto-empleo y el trabajo freelance pueden no requerir una educación formal, pero es crucial la auto-educación y conocimientos específicos.
- 💡 El diseño implica más que tener ideas; es necesario desarrollar, refinar y crear colecciones completas.
- 🎨 La teoría del color es fundamental, ya que influye en las decisiones de compra y hay una industria entera dedicada a servicios de color.
- 🧵 La importancia de los tejidos es crucial; son el medio verdadero del diseñador y es necesario estudiarlos obsesivamente.
- 🌿 La sostenibilidad es una área de estudio obligatoria que abarca materiales y procesos ecológicos, así como prácticas éticas en producción y trabajo.
- ✍️ El dibujo y la ilustración son habilidades claves, especialmente para aquellos que buscan trabajar en una empresa o como freelancers.
- 👗 El diseño técnico, también conocido como desarrollo de productos, es esencial para transformar ideas en prendas reales.
- 🖥️ Los programas Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop son estándares en la industria de la moda y son necesarios para el diseño y producción de prendas.
- 👖 El conocimiento de la construcción de prendas, como la planificación de patrones, drapeo y costura, es importante para entender y comunicarse con equipos de producción.
- 🏭 La manufactura de ropa y las prácticas comerciales son aspectos importantes que todos los diseñadores deberían entender, especialmente aquellos que piensan iniciar su propia línea.
- 📚 El estudio de la historia de la moda y el traje es una parte fundamental que proporciona un contexto cultural y temporal a las tendencias actuales.
Q & A
¿Cuáles son las tres formas principales de iniciar una carrera en diseño de moda?
-Las tres formas principales son: 1) ir a la universidad y obtener una licenciatura en bellas artes, armar un currículum y un portafolio y buscar trabajo; 2) iniciar tu propio negocio; 3) trabajar como freelancer en proyectos para diversas empresas.
¿Es necesario ir a la escuela para iniciar tu propio negocio o ser freelancer?
-No es necesario, pero es importante educarse uno mismo. La educación formal puede ayudar, pero hay otros recursos como videos y libros que pueden ser útiles.
¿Qué incluye el plan de estudios mencionado en el video?
-El plan de estudios incluye temas similares a los programas de moda en Estados Unidos y abarca diseño, teoría del color, telas, sostenibilidad, dibujo e ilustración, diseño técnico, Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop, confección de prendas, prácticas comerciales y la historia de la moda y del vestuario.
¿Por qué es importante estudiar teoría del color en diseño de moda?
-El color es un factor crucial en las decisiones de compra de las personas. Estudiar teoría del color ayuda a los diseñadores a crear paletas de colores atractivas y a entender cómo los colores afectan las percepciones y emociones.
¿Cuál es la importancia de conocer las telas para un diseñador de moda?
-Las telas son el medio principal de un diseñador de moda. Conocer las propiedades de diferentes telas, cómo se comportan y su calidad es esencial para crear diseños funcionales y de alta calidad.
¿Qué es la sostenibilidad en el contexto del diseño de moda?
-La sostenibilidad implica el uso de materiales y procesos ecológicos, así como enfoques éticos y de comercio justo en la producción y el trabajo. Es fundamental reducir el desperdicio, minimizar el impacto ambiental y tratar mejor a los trabajadores.
¿Es necesario ser un maestro en ilustración de moda para tener un negocio propio?
-No, no es necesario ser un maestro en ilustración para dirigir tu propio negocio. Sin embargo, es importante aprender los fundamentos del dibujo y cómo comunicar diseños de manera efectiva, especialmente mediante dibujos planos.
¿Qué es el diseño técnico y por qué es importante?
-El diseño técnico, o desarrollo de productos, implica dibujar planos de prendas, especificar medidas y crear paquetes técnicos. Es crucial para llevar las ideas a la realidad y producir prendas de manera efectiva.
¿Por qué es esencial aprender a usar Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop en la industria de la moda?
-Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop son los estándares de la industria para crear dibujos planos, paquetes técnicos y manipulación de imágenes. Tener habilidades en estos programas es fundamental para trabajar en moda hoy en día.
¿Cuál es el enfoque del video respecto a la historia de la moda y del vestuario?
-El video sugiere estudiar la historia básica de la moda del siglo XX y los principales estilos de cada década. También enfatiza la importancia de comprender la historia del vestuario de diferentes culturas y no solo la europea.
Outlines
🎓 Iniciar una carrera en diseño de moda
El primer párrafo aborda las tres vías principales para comenzar una carrera en diseño de moda: asistir a la universidad para obtener un título en bellas artes, iniciar un negocio propio o trabajar como freelancer. Se resalta la importancia de la educación autodidacta y se presenta un plan de estudio que se asemeja a programas de escuelas de moda estadounidenses, complementado con perspectivas personales basadas en experiencias de graduación, trabajo en la industria y enseñanza universitaria. El plan incluye áreas de estudio esenciales, la razón de su importancia y la cantidad recomendada de estudio, sin olvidar tutoriales y recursos bibliográficos adicionales.
👗 Diseño de moda y teoría del color
El segundo párrafo se enfoca en el diseño de moda, destacando la importancia de convertir ideas en colecciones completas y superar bloques creativos. Se sugiere que el estudiante promedio en una escuela de moda estadounidense realice entre ocho y dieciocho proyectos de diseño. También se discute la teoría del color y su influencia en las decisiones de compra, con recomendaciones de libros y enfoques educativos que abarcan aplicaciones en diferentes campos del diseño.
🧶 La importancia de los tejidos en el diseño
Este párrafo subraya la importancia de los tejidos como el medio principal para los diseñadores, sugiriendo que se adquiera una educación continua en la ciencia de los textiles y se mantengan al día con las novedades en la tecnología de tejidos. Se insta a los estudiantes a visitar tiendas de telas, a examinar la composición de fibras y a comparar calidad y precio, promoviendo una comprensión práctica y profunda de los tejidos a través de la experiencia táctil y observación de la construcción de prendas en tiendas.
🌿 Sostenibilidad en el diseño de moda
El cuarto párrafo cubre la sostenibilidad, abarcando materiales y procesos ecológicos, así como enfoques éticos en producción y trabajo. Se enfatiza la relevancia de este tema en la actualidad y se recomienda material de lectura y recursos para comprender y aplicar principios sostenibles en proyectos de diseño. Se sugiere que la sostenibilidad, lejos de ser un tema opcional, debe ser una prioridad en la educación y práctica del diseño de moda.
✍️ Dibujo e ilustración en la moda
Este segmento destaca la importancia del dibujo y la ilustración para los diseñadores, identificando las diferencias en la habilidad requerida según el tipo de carrera que se desee seguir, ya sea en un negocio propio, en la industria o como freelancer. Se ofrecen recursos y consejos para aprender a dibujar figuras, ropa sobre cuerpos y técnicas de ilustración con marcadores y acuarelas, subrayando la necesidad de dominar la ilustración para iniciar conversaciones y destacar en la industria.
📐 Diseño técnico y desarrollo de productos
El sexto párrafo se centra en el diseño técnico, es decir, el desarrollo de productos, que incluye dibujar planos, especificaciones de prendas y creación de paquetes técnicos. Se insiste en la necesidad de aprender a realizar planos para cada proyecto de diseño y se sugiere la creación de paquetes técnicos para brindar vida a las ideas y hacerlas realidad, destacando las oportunidades laborales para aquellos que poseen estas habilidades.
🖥️ Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop en la moda
Este apartado destaca la necesidad de aprender Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop, ya que son estándares en la industria de la moda actual. Se desaconseja aprender programas alternativos debido a que Adobe es la norma en la industria. Se mencionan recursos para aprender estas habilidades y se enfatiza la importancia de dominar estas herramientas para insertar planos en paquetes técnicos y hojas de línea, así como para habilidades básicas en Photoshop que son esenciales en la era digital.
👚 Construcción de prendas y prácticas empresariales
El octavo párrafo aborda la construcción de prendas, que incluye patronaje, draping y costura, y las prácticas empresariales relacionadas con la producción y la venta. Se sugiere que los diseñadors aprendan los fundamentos de la construcción de prendas para comunicarse eficazmente con equipos de muestra y facilidades de producción. Se enfatiza la importancia de visitar tiendas físicas para evaluar la calidad de la construcción y los tejidos de las prendas, y se relaciona esta comprensión con la capacidad de ser un diseñador innovador y de alta calidad.
🏭 Manufactura de ropa y prácticas de negocio
Este segmento cubre la importancia de la manufactura de ropa y las prácticas de negocio para aquellos que desean iniciar su propia línea. Se sugiere que se adquiera un conocimiento básico de leyes de negocios locales y se enfatiza la importancia de comprender la producción, ventas, distribución y otros aspectos empresariales, más allá del diseño本身. Se recomienda explorar recursos en video y literatura para obtener una comprensión integral del negocio de la moda.
📚 Historia de la moda y del traje
El décimo párrafo enfatiza la importancia de estudiar la historia de la moda y del traje, no solo para comprender las tendencias del siglo XX, sino también para apreciar la influencia de culturas y países fuera de nuestro entorno. Se sugiere que los diseñadores, estilistas y periodistas posean un conocimiento básico de la historia de la moda como un requisito común en la industria. Se recomienda material de lectura que brinde una visión equilibrada de la moda mundial y se invita a los espectadores a solicitar recursos adicionales si lo desean.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Diseño
💡Teoría del color
💡Textiles
💡Sostenibilidad
💡Ilustración de moda
💡Diseño técnico
💡Adobe Illustrator y Photoshop
💡Construcción de prendas
💡Historia de la moda
💡Prácticas empresariales en moda
Highlights
Three main ways to start a fashion design career: formal education, starting a business, or freelancing.
The importance of self-education beyond formal schooling for fashion designers.
A study plan resembling American fashion school programs with additional topics.
The significance of design process education for idea development and overcoming creative blocks.
The impact of color on purchasing decisions and its study in fashion design.
Fabric knowledge as a designer's medium and the necessity of understanding textile science.
Sustainability as a crucial aspect of modern fashion including eco-friendly materials and ethical production.
The role of drawing and illustration in communicating design ideas and attracting attention in the industry.
Technical Design involves learning to draw flats, spec garments, and create tech packs.
Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop as essential tools in the fashion industry for flats and tech packs.
Garment construction skills for intelligent communication with sample-making teams and production facilities.
The importance of understanding apparel manufacturing and business practices for fashion designers.
Studying fashion and costume history for a well-rounded understanding of the industry's evolution.
The necessity of in-person shopping to understand garment quality and construction.
The interconnectedness of skills in fashion design and how learning them expands creativity and business opportunities.
The reality of running a business: the cost of outsourcing tasks due to lack of self-education.
Encouragement for aspiring fashion designers to study diligently and the reminder of the gradual nature of learning.
Transcripts
Hey, hey Party People! All right, so listen, there are basically three ways to start your fashion
design career. One, go to school get a bachelor of fine arts at an accredited university or college
put your resume and portfolio together and look for a job. Number two, start your own business.
Number three, become a freelancer and work on a project-by-project basis for a variety
of companies. Now, those last two options you can definitely go to school to get started,
but you don't need to. But you do need to educate yourself,
and that's where this video comes in. I've put together a study plan for you
and this plan resembles many American fashion school programs, which is what i'm familiar with,
and i'm going to include something schools don't talk about enough in my opinion. And my opinions
are based on having graduated from a nationally ranked school, having worked in the industry
for many years, and then having taught at another nationally ranked university for over five years.
This video will outline what you need to study, why you should study it,
and how much you have to study it. I have not put these topics in order of importance.
I have tutorial videos for a lot of these areas of study, but not everything please check the
description box for links and info on the books I'll be going over in this video and I've also
included some links to podcasts that i think are educational. A note about my book recommendations,
I taught a variety of classes in university, but only ever used two books in my classes. The one
I suggest on color theory and the one I suggest on human anatomy. When I was in school myself,
my teachers didn't use a ton of books either so I have a lot more tutorial videos than book
recommendations. Okay, on to the subjects. Subject one: again in no particular order, first design.
Some people will think, "No, Zoe, I'm bubbling over with ideas! I have all the designs in my
head already." Okay, that's a good start, but that's not everything. The way I teach design
process is about taking those ideas and developing them, refining them, creating whole collections;
and by learning processes and merging it with your own methods and ideas. You can create even
more ideas, and more often. teach yourself how to recognize good design and to work around creative
blocks all kinds of things that make you a better more well-rounded, well-honed design machine. At
your average American fashion school, a student will take four-to-six design classes before they
graduate, and there are, on average, two-to-three design projects per class. Each project is
from inspiration to colors, fabrics design development, and final boards. And, yes,
that is eight to 18 projects and that is a lot of projects. And I encourage
you to explore different seasons, different color stories, different kinds of customers,
different price points, and different clothing categories in all these projects. Subject two:
Color. Why is studying color so important? Color is such an important factor in people's
purchasing decisions. There is an entire industry devoted to color services. Okay,
given everything else is perfect, if an item of clothing is not the perfect color for you,
how often do you wear it? Did you even buy it? Every single art and design major studies
color theory and I love this particular book because it has the theory, but also tons of
examples of actual design applications in toys, in fashion, in graphics, all kinds of applications.
And fashion schools typically do one or two semesters -- freshman year,
the first year -- but then, you know, we talk about color stories in design classes.
you know every single class. Every single project. Subject three: fabric. If you have watched a lot
of my videos, then you know i'm always banging on about the importance of designers knowing about
fabrics. Listen, fabrics is a designer's true medium. You know, I get so many questions on,
you know, "Zoe, what watercolor should I use? What markers should I use?" And, it's like,
it doesn't matter for designers because our medium is actually fabric. Pick any,
whatever, alcohol-based, professional-grade marker and get to work. And then, go study fabrics! Okay?
I took a year of textile science in school, but continue my education
to this day. Fabric and Textile Technology is the future of fashion, and I try to keep up
with fabric news as much as I can. And, yeah, go watch the playlist, pick up these books,
visit fabric stores, and, you know, check out the fabric. Check out the fiber content (it's usually
listed at the end of the roll) and check out what is expensive. Feel things in your hands. And,
listen, I know that retail prices and wholesale prices are different. But you know relative to
each other, see what's expensive and see what is cheap, and, you know, check out what's expensive,
what feels good in your hand. Look at how things wrinkle, how things fray, how things stretch.
Go to clothing stores and feel the fabrics and take note of their fiber content. All those tags
have the fiber content listed. Study, study, study! Fabric is a fashion designer's medium:
study it obsessively. My suggestion is, with every new design project you work on (remember those
eight to 18 design projects?), deep dive into one new category of fabrics for each project. Okay,
maybe you do a fall winter collection for moderately priced women's wear and deep dive
into wools for that project. Okay, and then you can roll your wools knowledge into your next one
as you deep dive into another category. Subject four: sustainability. Sustainability encompasses
eco-friendly materials and processes, as well as ethical and fair trade approaches to production
and labor. If you think this area of study is optional, you need to wake up. It is 2019.
At the very least, there is nothing bad in wasting less water, sending less crap to landfills,
and treating workers better. Go watch my "Five Ugly Truths of Fashion" video. Sustainability
is not taught in very many schools, but it should be. These two books are great places
to start. This one, um, Sustainability In Fashion and Textiles. The second one,
uh, focuses on zero-waste or low-waist pattern cutting, and they're they're really great,
okay. They're so full of information. I have a video on Sustainability and Design, start there;
read a chapter in the sustainable, uh, "Sustainability in Fashion and Textiles" book;
and apply them slowly to your design projects. Once you've covered the basics in your garment
construction studies, start with the basic projects in the Zero Waste book.
The American Fashion Podcast is not a sustainability fashion podcast,
but focuses on many related topics in many of the episodes, so, I've linked that below, as well.
Subject five: drawing and illustration. I've listed my videos on this in three categories:
Figure Drawing, Drawing Clothes on Bodies, and Fashion Illustration with Markers and Watercolor.
Okay, so at this point, you need to think about your goals, okay. If you want to start your own
business, you don't need to learn how to draw a ton, okay. You do not need to be a masterful
fashion illustrator to run your own business. My recommendation? Buy my figure templates at
my Etsy store, watch my drawing clothes on body series, and practice the basics of communicating
designs quickly and efficiently. That's really what you need. And, more importantly,
flats. Learn how to draw flats. I'll go more into that in the Technical Design section, but, yeah,
business owners you need to learn how to do flats. If you want to get a job at another company,
or start pursuing a freelance career, you know set up an online portfolio as a designer to get
attention and jobs, you need to learn how to illustrate so you can attract attention.
My old department chair, she used to say, "beautiful illustration starts conversations," and
it does because we're we we buy into the visually appealing. I mean, even restaurants, like, we
eat with our eyes. Everything is about, like, the beautiful presentation to start off with. Subject
six: Technical Design aka Product Development, which means drawing flats learning, how to spec
out garments, and how to create a tech pack off a template. Flats: flat drawings, they are basically
drawings of clothes as they would appear if you laid them flat on the floor or on a table.
Videos, book recommendations, and listings to my flats templates and tech pack templates are below.
Of course, you can make your own templates you don't have to buy mine, but you know,
I already made them [chuckles]. Uh, for every design project you do, you must do flats of every
garment. I suggest you practice creating tech packs for a few garments for each project. This
is how you bring your ideas to life. This is a process you need to learn to make actual garments.
And for those of you who are freelancers, I absolutely promise you, there are way,
way more paying gigs for people who can draw good flats in Adobe Illustrator, for people who can
create good tech packs, and there are even more gigs for beautiful fashion illustration, actually,
than straight-up design. Very, very few people are looking for help in the actual creative designing
process because most people they want to do the designing themselves, and they'll pay other people
to do the things they don't know how to do or don't want to do. Subject seven: Adobe Illustrator
and Photoshop. Learning these programs are a must in the current fashion industry. People ask me all
the time if I would recommend any alternative programs. And, yes, I have heard of some,
but the thing is, Adobe products are the industry standard. So, you know, I wouldn't recommend
people learn another program just to have to learn Adobe, you know, later on, anyway, when
they get a job or a client insists on it (which it's inevitable, okay). And I know Procreate is
becoming popular as a digital drawing tool, but Procreate is compatible with Adobe, so that's
fine. You will need to learn Adobe Illustrator to draw flats, at the very minimum. You need to
create your flats in Illustrator to insert them into your tech packs and into your line sheets.
Basic Photoshop skills, I mean in this day and age, it's like knowing Microsoft Word and Excel.
It's like, these computer skills that you need for a huge variety of scenarios. I have a few videos
to get started, I don't have a ton, I recommend Robin Schneider's channel, which i've linked
below for more lessons. Robin, as you may know, has guest-lectured on this channel. She makes,
you know, she's a great teacher. She teaches at my alma mater, Otis College of Art and Design,
and has her own lessons on Lynda (aka LinkedIn Learning), she's great! Subject eight:
garment construction by this I mean pattern drafting draping and sewing. This is another area
where the level of learning depends on what kind of designer you want to be. I explore this more in
depth in my video "Do Designers Need To Learn How To Sew?" Basically, I strongly suggest you learn
some pattern draping and sewing basics so you can speak intelligently with your sample-making team
and production facilities. If you start your own line, do you need to learn garment construction,?
Okay, the thing is, the more you know the more control you have over your product,
okay. Another very important aspect of learning construction and quality is to go shopping in
person, okay. If you don't want to learn how to cut patterns or sew, what you absolutely must do
is visit stores in person -- online shopping will not help you -- go to stores look at the quality
of the construction of the clothes, the quality of the fabrics, feel them, look at the colors and
look at the stitching, look at the insides, how well it's been lined, what materials they use
for lining. You know, how good the pockets are, (you all know how i feel about pockets, okay),
and then look at the price and think about whether you think the price reflects the quality. Yeah, if
you can, try things on. If you can't, maybe take a friend, you know, that's also good. When you're
working on your design projects, okay -- let's go back to that fall winter moderately priced
women's wear with a lot of wool fabrics, okay -- when you're working on that design project,
I want you to go to a store, and i want you to go look at a lot of wool coats, and jackets,
and suits, and pants, and all that; and check out the fabrics, check out the construction,
check out what they're doing with their linings and their pockets, and
all these things and check out the pricing, check out what is being done at the price point that you
are designing at and take all those notes home and apply that to make your own design project better.
On the flip side of that, you know there are so many boundaries, creative boundaries you can push,
learning how to draft patterns and drape, and sew. And, you know, people think you can only design
with sketches, but tons of people prefer draping to design, Madeleine Vionnet is one. The more you
learn about construction, the more avant-garde of a designer you can be, pushing the boundaries of
creativity. So, again, this category how much you learn is really about what kind of designer you
want to be. Subject nine: apparel manufacturing and business practices. Production, you know,
distribution. And, you know, if you're gonna start your own line, this is so important, okay?
Everyone wants to be a fashion designer, and, you know, want to see their own name on that label,
but it's not all about designing cute things. So much of it is production, sales,
distribution, ordering shipping boxes.... Like, if you're gonna start your own line, you should watch
all these videos, and pick up these books, and also pick up a book on business law for whatever
city, state, province, country you're going to set your business up in, okay. All designers should
have a cursory understanding of the production and business parts of fashion even if your role
isn't especially in production; but for business owners, this is really, really important.
Subject 10: fashion and costume history. Most schools require a few Art History courses;
and most schools require a basic Costume History course; and some
schools even have electives in this area like Hollywood Costume History. I think you should
study the basics of 20th century fashion history. Like, what were the major trends in the 70s? And,
what were the main silhouettes in the 60s? Because, this is the kind of stuff that is
practically expected. This is common, you know, expected to be common knowledge for anyone working
in fashion today. Whether you're a designer, a stylist, a journalist, okay, you should just know
this, okay? Anything older than that, I feel you can study on a project-by-project basis.
And, don't forget countries and cultures outside your own. I love this book that I'm flipping
through on the screen because it gives, more or less, equal coverage to the cultures all over the
world. Because, often, costume history books can be rather euro-centric. I do not have any fashion
history videos. If you want some videos on 20th century fashion history, drop me a comment below.
For those of you panicking about the sheer volume of work I just threw in your face,
don't. Remember, this amount of work is equal to four years at a fashion school. No one is
expecting you to be able to study everything in a few months, especially if you're working
a day job while studying. I also get a bunch of people asking me, "Zoe, what is the bare minimum
you need to learn to be a fashion designer?" I just posted the bare minimum in this video.
If you are running your own business, you know, for everything that you don't know, that you don't
study, that you don't do, you have to pay someone else to do it. That's the reality! No judgment,
you just need to figure out how much money you have. Or, how willing you are to just do things
by trial-and-error. If you want to be a freelance fashion designer, every skill you learn is a skill
you can offer clients and make money from. And, of course, the opposite. Every skill you don't learn,
you are limiting the services you can offer and make money from. Every skill you don't learn,
limits your creativity because all these skills are interconnected. I haven't even covered
all the wonderful subjects within the fashion design umbrella you can explore: like learning
embellishments, like embroidery and beading, learning textile dyeing and print design, all
kinds of fabric manipulation, all things that can help you stand out as a designer because i wanted
to stick to the basics of this video. Alright, and that's it! Uh, please give this video a thumbs up
if you learned something new today. Share this video with everyone you know who's considering
a career as a fashion designer. Subscribe, hit the little grey notification bell, and remember
to keep your comments respectful to me and to each other. Uh, check the description box for
video links and info on books. Good luck with your studies, and i will see you in the next video!
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