Tips How to Pass a 1G Stick Test

Summary

In this detailed welding tutorial, the instructor walks through the process of performing a 1G SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) test using eSAB 70-18-1 Prime welding rods. The video covers everything from fit-up and tacking to the entire welding sequence, including tips on preparing the joint, executing a root pass, filling, intermediate passes, and the final cap. Special attention is given to effective techniques for stop-starts, achieving smooth bead profiles, and ensuring proper reinforcement. The tutorial aims to provide essential guidance for new welders preparing for a welding test and offers insights into handling both destructive and non-destructive tests. Additionally, there's a giveaway for eSAB rods to encourage community engagement.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video focuses on demonstrating a 1G SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) joint test, specifically the AW SD 1.1 BU joint, providing tips and a step-by-step welding process.
• 😀 The importance of fit-up and proper tacking is emphasized for a successful weld, including the preparation of the plates and backing strip.
• 😀 The script highlights the specific welding configuration required: a quarter-inch gap, 45-degree bevel, and a backing strip for the SMAW test.
• 😀 The instructor uses E 70 18 electrodes, specifically the eSAB 70 18-1 prime welding rods, which are praised for their excellent arc starting characteristics.
• 😀 A recommended sequence of operations for the welding process is provided, starting with burning up the edges and melting into the backing strip before proceeding with further passes.
• 😀 An intentional stop-and-start technique is demonstrated to show how to manage the welding pool and maintain uniformity at the termination point.
• 😀 For optimal weld quality, the instructor recommends maintaining a steady travel speed, using a 90-degree work angle and a 10-degree travel angle, and ensuring consistent arc length.
• 😀 The importance of avoiding undercut and excessive buildup during the cap passes is emphasized to ensure smooth and consistent welds.
• 😀 A step-by-step guide is provided on how to manage starts and stops, with a focus on alternating stop points to avoid stacking them in one area.
• 😀 The video concludes with a focus on ensuring the final weld is smooth, with no porosity, undercut, or excessive reinforcement, which is essential for passing a 1G welding test.

Q & A

What is the main goal of the 1G SMAW test demonstrated in the video?

The main goal of the 1G SMAW test demonstrated in the video is to teach students how to properly weld a 1G joint using the SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) process, with a focus on preparation, technique, and completing the test with a smooth and properly reinforced weld.

What specific welding joint configuration is used in the test?

The test uses a 1G joint configuration with a quarter-inch gap, a 45-degree bevel on both sides, and a backing strip on one side of the joint. The backing strip is one inch wide and quarter-inch thick.

Why is the instructor using a backing strip in this test?

The backing strip is used to support the root pass and prevent excessive weld metal from burning through. It also ensures proper fusion and penetration of the weld, particularly for destructive tests like bend tests or x-ray inspections.

What is the significance of the 22.5-degree bevel angle mentioned in the video?

The 22.5-degree bevel angle is significant because it creates a 45-degree included angle when paired with a 22.5-degree bevel on both sides of the joint. This angle helps achieve proper penetration and a strong weld, which is essential for passing the 1G test.

How does the instructor plan to approach the welding sequence?

The instructor plans to approach the welding sequence by first filling the gap with the root pass, then adding intermediate passes to build up the joint. Finally, a three-bead cap pass will be applied. The process is planned step-by-step to ensure smooth progression and control.

What is the purpose of the stop-and-start technique mentioned during the route pass?

The stop-and-start technique during the route pass is designed to teach students how to effectively manage weld terminations. The intentional stop allows for a clear tie-in when restarting, ensuring a strong, continuous weld without gaps or weak areas.

What role does the soapstone marker play in the welding process?

The soapstone marker is used as a visual aid to help welders maintain consistent travel speed and coverage. It provides a guide for the welder to ensure the electrode is positioned correctly, especially for achieving proper bead coverage and avoiding undercut or excess reinforcement.

What is the recommended electrode for this test, and why was it chosen?

The recommended electrode for this test is the eSAB 70 18-1 prime welding rod. It was chosen because of its excellent arc-starting characteristics, smoothness, and consistency, which make it ideal for achieving high-quality welds during the 1G SMAW test.

What are the key factors to ensure a successful weld during the 1G SMAW test?

Key factors for a successful weld include proper joint preparation (beveling and fit-up), correct electrode selection, maintaining a steady and controlled travel speed, ensuring uniform bead profiles, and achieving proper reinforcement without excessive height or undercut.

What advice does the instructor give about handling starts and stops during the welding process?

The instructor advises students to practice making clean starts and stops to avoid defects like undercut or poor tie-ins. A proper start and stop allow for smoother transitions, especially when working on longer welds or when there’s a gap in the joint.