É o FIM DA ERA das USINAS DE 75 kW? Entenda as NOVAS COBRANÇAS

Summary

This video discusses the viability of 75 kW solar power plants in Brazil, focusing on rental systems for energy generation. It explains the differences between microgeneration and minigeneration, highlighting the pros and cons of each. The video also delves into the financial aspects, including TUSD-G charges and the impact on profitability, with examples from cities like Caraguatatuba and Belém. The presenter emphasizes the importance of conducting a detailed viability study before investing, considering the potential risks and returns based on various scenarios and local regulations. The main takeaway is that while 75 kW plants may still be viable in certain areas, their feasibility is highly dependent on location and market conditions.

Takeaways

• 😀 The concept of 'locação de usinas' (leasing solar plants) involves investors building solar plants and leasing them to consumers who benefit from the generated energy, while the investor earns rental income.
• 😀 Solar energy systems can be categorized into 'microgeneration' (up to 75 kW) and 'minigeneration' (above 75 kW), with microgeneration usually being more cost-effective for leasing due to lower implementation and operational costs.
• 😀 The compensation system for solar energy generation allows energy producers to inject electricity into the grid and receive discounts on their electricity bills, but selling energy is prohibited.
• 😀 Usinas de locação (leased solar plants) are typically installed for consumers without energy needs, where the plant generates power and the tenant pays rent, usually less than the savings on their bill.
• 😀 The introduction of the TUSD G fee (network usage fee) after 2028 can negatively impact the viability of microgeneration solar plants by increasing operational costs, especially in low-tension setups.
• 😀 A comprehensive feasibility study is essential before investing in a solar plant. Simply estimating energy generation and dividing by the tariff is insufficient for making informed decisions.
• 😀 In low-tension systems, consumers with solar generation now need to pay the TUSD G fee if their energy injection exceeds their consumption, which can lead to high costs for 'locação de usinas' where there is no load to balance out the generation.
• 😀 There are two types of TUSD G fees (Type 1 and Type 2), with Type 2 being more expensive. This fee affects the financial feasibility of solar investments.
• 😀 Viability studies show that, in some locations (like Belém, Pará), the TUSD G fee can make the installation of a 75 kW solar plant unfeasible, as the costs may outweigh the benefits, especially in pessimistic scenarios.
• 😀 Even in optimistic scenarios, where TUSD G fees are not considered or the energy tariff remains favorable, some regions still face challenges in making solar investments financially viable due to other external factors.
• 😀 It is crucial to consider the potential for a meter change by the distributor, as this could impact the charges for TUSD G, especially if the consumer does not have a demand meter capable of tracking energy injection.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the video?

The video focuses on the concept of 75 kW solar power plants for rental purposes, explaining how these plants work, the benefits and drawbacks, and the feasibility of investing in such plants.

What is a 'locational plant' in the context of solar power?

A locational plant refers to a solar energy system where an investor builds a plant to lease it to someone who has energy consumption. The consumer benefits from the energy production, while the investor receives rental income.

How does the compensation system for solar energy work?

In the compensation system, solar energy producers inject energy into the grid and get compensation in the form of discounts on their energy bills. The sale of energy is prohibited, but compensation is allowed.

What is the difference between microgeneration and minigeneration?

Microgeneration refers to solar power plants operating at low voltage and up to 75 kW, while minigeneration operates at medium voltage and can exceed 75 kW, going up to 3 MW.

What are the advantages of installing a microgeneration plant instead of a minigeneration one?

Microgeneration plants are cheaper to install and maintain because they don't require a transformer station or demand fees, unlike minigeneration plants, which need more expensive infrastructure.

What is TUSD G, and how does it affect the viability of solar projects?

TUSD G is the fee for using the electric grid, which applies to solar energy producers. It impacts the viability of solar projects by increasing operational costs, especially in low-voltage systems.

How does TUSD G impact microgeneration plants specifically?

For microgeneration plants, TUSD G increases costs, especially when the plant does not have a consumption load to offset the grid usage. The plant owner is typically charged based on the full capacity of the inverter, even if there's no actual energy consumption.

What is the recommended way to evaluate the feasibility of a solar rental plant?

To evaluate feasibility, one must perform a detailed viability study that considers various variables like energy generation, rental income, grid fees, and infrastructure costs, rather than relying solely on simple generation-to-cost calculations.

What happens to the investment viability if the TUSD G fee is implemented post-2028?

The implementation of TUSD G post-2028 significantly reduces the financial viability of microgeneration plants, especially for plants without any consumption load. It increases operational costs, making some locations less attractive for solar plant investments.

Can a solar plant owner avoid paying TUSD G charges?

It is possible to avoid paying TUSD G if the plant's energy meter is not capable of measuring demand. However, there is a risk that the distributor could change the meter, which would trigger TUSD G charges. The distributor must notify the consumer two months in advance before making any changes.