Penyebab Penurunan Populasi Rakyat Jepang

Summary

Japan's population is steadily declining due to a combination of historical, economic, and social factors. After the post-WWII boom and the economic growth of the 1970s, the country faced stagnation in the 1990s, leading to shifting social norms. Younger generations now prioritize careers over family life, exacerbated by high living costs. Additionally, Japan's aging population has led to a rising death rate. Despite government efforts to address these challenges, policies have been largely ineffective, contributing to an ongoing demographic crisis. The video provides an in-depth look at the root causes and consequences of this population decline.

Takeaways

• 😀 Japan's birth rate dropped significantly in 2021, with only 750,000 babies born, down from 840,000 in the previous year.
• 😀 Japan's population is declining, reaching 124.5 million in 2021, a decrease from 125.8 million in the previous year.
• 😀 The primary cause of population decline is the failure to see a third 'baby boom' generation, which was expected after the 2000s.
• 😀 From the 1940s to the 1960s, arranged marriages were common in Japan, and societal pressure to marry was high, leading to population growth.
• 😀 Economic growth in the 1970s reduced the need for arranged marriages, and by the 2000s, many people prioritized careers over starting families.
• 😀 The economic stagnation from the 1990s onwards, known as the 'Lost Decade,' has further discouraged marriage and childbearing due to financial concerns.
• 😀 Japan's aging population is a major issue, with nearly 30% of its population being over 65 years old as of 2020.
• 😀 The government has been slow to respond to the population decline, allocating only 1% of its national budget to address the issue.
• 😀 The government has focused on securing elderly voter support rather than implementing concrete policies to address Japan's demographic crisis.
• 😀 Without major policy changes, Japan's population could shrink by half by 2100, posing a significant challenge for the country's future.

Q & A

What is the population trend in Japan in recent years?

Japan's population has been declining in recent years. In 2021, only 750,000 babies were born, compared to 840,000 in the previous year. The overall population decreased from 125.8 million to 124.5 million, marking a continued downward trend.

What factors have contributed to the population decline in Japan?

Several factors have contributed to Japan's population decline, including a drop in birth rates, a decrease in marriage rates, economic stagnation, the aging population, and social and cultural changes that discourage marriage and childbearing.

What was the 'baby boom' generation in Japan, and why didn't it repeat in the 2000s?

The 'baby boom' generation in Japan occurred in three periods: after World War II in the 1940s, during the economic boom of the 1970s, and in the early 2000s. However, the third generation of baby boomers, expected to emerge in the 2000s, did not materialize due to factors such as delayed marriages, career-focused lifestyles, and fewer people opting to marry.

How did changes in marriage norms impact Japan's population?

In Japan, marriage norms evolved significantly from the 1940s to the 1970s. In earlier years, arranged marriages were common, but by the 1970s, with Japan's booming economy, more people prioritized careers over marriage. This shift led to delayed marriages and a decline in birth rates.

What role did Japan's economic situation play in the population decline?

Japan's economic boom in the 1970s, followed by stagnation in the 1990s and the 'Lost Decade,' contributed significantly to the population decline. The high cost of living and difficulties in maintaining a family in an economically unstable environment deterred many from having children.

Why is marriage in Japan considered expensive, and how does it impact birth rates?

Marriage in Japan is considered expensive due to the high cost of living, including housing and the financial burden of raising children. This has led many young people to delay marriage or forgo it altogether, contributing to a lower birth rate and a shrinking population.

How does the societal stigma around non-marital children affect Japan's birth rate?

In Japan, children born outside of marriage face social stigma and lack legal recognition of their civil rights, which discourages many individuals from having children outside of marriage. This further limits the birth rate as the legal and societal framework does not support alternative family structures.

What is the situation with elderly people in Japan, and how does it impact the population?

Around 30% of Japan's population is over 65 years old, and the number of elderly people continues to increase. Despite having excellent healthcare systems that allow for longer life expectancy, the aging population contributes to a higher death rate and a shrinking workforce, further accelerating population decline.

What has the Japanese government's response been to the population decline?

The Japanese government's response to the population decline has been underwhelming. It has allocated only a small portion of the national budget to addressing the issue, focusing more on gaining votes from the elderly population rather than implementing effective policies to address low birth rates and economic challenges.

What is the 'Lost Decade' in Japan, and how did it affect the population?

The 'Lost Decade' refers to the period of economic stagnation in Japan during the 1990s, following an economic bubble. The economic downturn made it difficult for people to afford starting and raising families, leading to a decline in birth rates, further exacerbating the population problem.