15 Ser Ou Não Ser Foucault e a Exclusão Viviane Mosé

Summary

This video script explores the theme of exclusion through the lens of cultural, social, and historical contexts. It delves into the story of Seu Nivaldo, a man who spent over three decades isolated due to leprosy, shedding light on the stigma and societal rejection associated with the disease. Drawing on the historical use of leprosaria (leper colonies) and the long-lasting effects of isolation, the script also reflects on modern exclusion in prisons and other institutions. It emphasizes how exclusion does not solve problems but strengthens them, urging society to avoid repeating past mistakes and to embrace inclusion and empathy.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses the concept of exclusion and how it is present in society, especially regarding different cultural views on marginalizing individuals or groups.
• 😀 The script delves into the historical context of leprosy, also known as hanseníase, and how it was treated as a socially isolating disease for centuries.
• 😀 The story of Seu Nivaldo highlights the personal impact of living with hanseníase in the 1940s, when it was largely incurable, leading to forced isolation in leprosários (leprosy colonies).
• 😀 Historically, leprosários were constructed to exclude and isolate people with leprosy from society, reflecting societal fear of contamination and the need for public health safety.
• 😀 Leprosy was not only viewed as a physical disease but was also tied to religious beliefs, with some societies perceiving it as a divine punishment for sin.
• 😀 In the mid-20th century, patients like Seu Nivaldo were subject to extreme isolation, with no physical contact allowed even with close family members.
• 😀 Despite the eventual medical advances that reduced the spread of leprosy, the practice of isolation continued in other areas such as mental health institutions and prisons.
• 😀 The social exclusion seen in leprosários is paralleled in modern society in various forms, from the stigmatization of individuals based on appearance to systemic exclusion in different communities.
• 😀 The video critiques the practice of exclusion, emphasizing that isolating marginalized populations can inadvertently strengthen and organize them, rather than solving the root issues.
• 😀 The societal habit of excluding what is uncomfortable or different, such as physical appearance, beliefs, or social status, continues today in different forms, even in small social interactions like parties or public spaces.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the episode of 'Ser ou não ser'?

The main topic is exclusion, focusing on how culture excludes differences and its impact on society, as well as the historical context of exclusion.

Who is Michel Foucault, and how does his philosophy relate to the topic of exclusion?

Michel Foucault was a historian and philosopher, and his ideas on exclusion discuss how societies deal with individuals who don't fit into accepted norms, often isolating them to control and regulate.

What is Hansen's disease, and how was it treated in the past?

Hansen's disease, also known as leprosy, is a chronic bacterial infection that was once feared and misunderstood. In the past, people with the disease were isolated in leprosariums, a form of social exclusion.

How did the treatment of leprosy in the past reflect societal attitudes towards marginalized groups?

The treatment of leprosy reflected deep-rooted societal fears and prejudices. The disease was associated with sin and punishment, leading to harsh isolation, discrimination, and a belief that sufferers were marked by divine wrath.

What was the significance of the leprosariums in Europe and Brazil?

Leprosariums were institutions built to isolate people with leprosy from the general population. In Europe, they were widespread from the 4th century, and in Brazil, the Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima became a major center for those affected by the disease.

How did the experience of being placed in a leprosarium affect individuals like Seu Nivaldo?

Seu Nivaldo, who spent 31 years in isolation, experienced profound emotional trauma, including the inability to speak for years, the loss of family connections, and the pain of being treated as an outcast due to the stigma associated with leprosy.

What is the relationship between exclusion and social punishment in society?

Exclusion is often used as a form of social punishment, where marginalized individuals or groups are isolated from the rest of society. This can lead to the creation of an 'excluded' population that grows stronger and more organized, often leading to societal unrest.

How does exclusion perpetuate marginalization and social unrest?

Exclusion can create a cycle of marginalization, where the excluded group becomes more isolated and forms its own subcultures or communities. This leads to resistance, unrest, and sometimes violence, as seen in prison systems and certain social movements.

What is the broader implication of societal exclusion, as discussed in the script?

The broader implication is that exclusion does not eliminate the problem it aims to address; instead, it strengthens the excluded group, leading to potential social instability and highlighting the need for more inclusive approaches.

What did Seu Nivaldo's experience teach him about the impact of exclusion on individuals?

Seu Nivaldo's experience taught him that exclusion not only harms individuals physically but also emotionally and psychologically. His isolation led to years of silence, separation from his family, and internal suffering.