Pre and Post Harvest in Agriculture
Summary
TLDRThe video script discusses the critical issue of pre and post-harvest weightage and losses in agriculture, which significantly impact the quality and quantity of produce, negatively affecting farmers' income. Pre-harvest losses are attributed to factors like weather conditions, while post-harvest losses involve degradation from harvest to consumption. Inefficient food systems contribute to this wastage, with inadequate post-harvest management leading to substantial losses. The video emphasizes the importance of proper site selection, genetic constituents, planting periods, irrigation, and other agricultural practices to minimize pre-harvest losses. It also highlights the need for clear concepts of post-harvest operations, awareness among growers, infrastructure, technical support, and quality control to reduce post-harvest losses. The script calls attention to the alarming fact that up to one-third of the world's food is wasted, particularly in developing countries where over 30% of certain food products never reach consumers due to weak post-harvest supply chains. It concludes by stressing the importance of every step in the agricultural process to prevent the loss of valuable food and income.
Takeaways
- 🌱 Pre-harvest loss is the reduction in crop yield before harvesting, influenced by factors such as weather conditions and management practices.
- 🍂 Post-harvest loss refers to the degradation in quantity and quality of food from harvest to consumption, impacting food availability and farmer incomes.
- 🚜 Inefficient functioning of food systems leads to significant wastage and losses, particularly in nations where agriculture is a primary livelihood.
- 📈 Post-harvest loss in the PHL system includes both quantitative and qualitative losses during various post-harvest operations.
- 🌡 Environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and light influence the rate of food deterioration after harvest.
- 🛠️ Pre-harvest factors include site selection, genetic constituents, planting period, irrigation, and harvesting methods.
- 🌳 Pest and disease management is crucial to minimize pre-harvest losses due to biological factors.
- 🔍 Post-harvest losses can be caused by biological factors like pests and diseases, chemical contamination, and mechanical injuries.
- 🏚️ Lack of proper storage facilities, inadequate technical support, and poor market infrastructure contribute to post-harvest losses.
- 📦 Effective packaging, temperature management, and quality control are essential for reducing post-harvest losses.
- 🌐 Market access, information, training, and integrated pest management can help prevent post-harvest losses and improve the supply chain.
Q & A
What is the main topic discussed in the video script?
-The main topic discussed in the video script is pre and post-harvest weightage and losses in agriculture.
What are the causes of pre-harvest loss in crops?
-Pre-harvest loss in crops can be caused by various factors including past weather conditions, site selection, genetic constituents, planting period, irrigation, thinning and pruning, maturity stage, climatic conditions, heat management, rainfall, fertilizer application, and pest and disease management.
How is post-harvest loss defined in the script?
-Post-harvest loss is defined as degradation in both quantity and quality of food from harvest to consumption.
What are the consequences of inadequate post-harvest management?
-Inadequate post-harvest management results in a significant decrease in the quality and quantity of produce, which negatively impacts the income of farmers.
What are the reasons for post-harvest losses mentioned in the script?
-Reasons for post-harvest losses include lack of clear concept of parking house operations, lack of awareness among growers, contractors, and policy makers, lack of infrastructure, late realization of its importance, inadequate technical support, inadequate post-harvest quality control, unorganized marketing, absence of pre-cooling and cold storage, inadequate market facilities, market intelligence, and market information service, and poor storage facilities.
What types of post-harvest losses are mentioned in the script?
-The types of post-harvest losses mentioned include biological losses such as pests and diseases, chemical losses such as visible external contamination with pesticides and chemical products, mechanical injuries like cuts, bruises, greases, drops, scrapings, and shutters during harvesting, and physiological losses such as sprouting, rooting, and changes caused by transpiration and respiration.
What are the environmental factors influencing the deterioration of food post-harvest?
-Environmental factors influencing the deterioration of food post-harvest include temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric composition, and ethylene and light.
What are some precautions or preventions for post-harvest losses mentioned in the script?
-Precautions or preventions for post-harvest losses include proper storage facilities, good handling practices, effective packaging, temperature management, quality control, post-harvest processing infrastructure development, market access and information, training and education, integrated pest management, collaboration, and networking.
What is the sad realization mentioned in the script regarding food waste?
-The sad realization mentioned in the script is that up to one-third of the world's food is wasted, especially when in 2050 there will be 9 billion mouths to feed.
How does food waste in developing and emerging countries differ from that in the Western World?
-In developing and emerging countries, over 30% of certain food products do not even reach the customer due to weak links in the post-harvest supply chain, while in the Western World, food is wasted at the consumer level.
What are some of the issues that can damage products during transport and storage?
-Issues that can damage products during transport and storage include the quality of the product being meager to begin with, lack of cooling, bad packaging, poor infrastructure, or insufficient information.
Outlines
🌾 Pre and Post Harvest Losses in Agriculture
This paragraph discusses the critical issue of pre and post-harvest weightage and losses in agriculture. Pre-harvest losses are attributed to factors like weather conditions and site selection, while post-harvest losses involve the degradation of food quality and quantity from harvest to consumption. Inefficient food systems contribute to these losses, which are particularly detrimental in nations where agriculture is a primary subsistence. The paragraph also outlines the various factors affecting pre-harvest losses, including genetic constituents, planting periods, irrigation, and harvesting methods. Additionally, it touches on the reasons for post-harvest losses, such as lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and poor storage facilities. The paragraph concludes with a focus on the importance of proper post-harvest management to prevent losses and maintain the quality and quantity of agricultural produce.
🌍 Global Impact of Food Waste and Losses
The second paragraph emphasizes the global scale of food waste, highlighting the startling statistic that up to one-third of the world's food is wasted. It contrasts the consumer-level waste in the Western World with the significant losses in developing and emerging countries, where over 30% of certain food products fail to reach consumers due to weak links in the post-harvest supply chain. The paragraph identifies several factors contributing to these losses, such as poor product quality at the outset, lack of cooling, inadequate packaging, insufficient infrastructure, and insufficient information. It also points out the consequences of these losses, including damage to products during transport and storage, overburdened storage facilities, and the impact of pests and diseases on stored goods. The paragraph underscores the importance of addressing these issues to prevent the loss of precious food and income for farmers.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Pre-Harvest Loss
💡Post-Harvest Loss
💡Food Systems
💡Harvesting Methods
💡Pest and Disease Management
💡Infrastructure
💡Quality Control
💡Market Access
💡Post-Harvest Processing
💡Ethylene
💡Integrated Pest Management
Highlights
Pre-harvest loss in agriculture can be caused by various factors including past weather conditions.
Post-harvest loss is defined as degradation in quantity and quality of food from harvest to consumption.
Inefficient functioning of Food Systems leads to pre and post-harvest wastage and losses.
Post-harvest loss in the PHL system refers to the loss of food in various post-harvest operations.
Food loss is a serious issue in nations where agriculture is a primary means of subsistence.
Inadequate post-harvest management results in a significant decrease in produce quality and quantity.
Pre-harvest factors include site selection, genetic constituents, planting period, irrigation, and more.
Reasons for losses include lack of awareness among growers, contractors, and policymakers.
Infrastructure, technical support, and post-harvest quality control are often inadequate.
Types of post-harvest losses include biological, chemical, mechanical, and physiological factors.
Environmental factors influencing deterioration include temperature, humidity, and atmospheric composition.
Preventions and precautions against post-harvest losses include proper storage facilities and good handling practices.
Effective packaging, temperature management, and post-harvest processing are crucial.
Market access, information, training, and education are important for reducing post-harvest losses.
Integrated pest management, collaboration, and networking are essential for efficient post-harvest management.
Up to one-third of the world's food is wasted, highlighting the need for improved post-harvest practices.
In developing and emerging countries, over 30% of certain food products do not reach the customer.
Weak links in the post-harvest supply chain can lead to product damage during transport and storage.
Pests and diseases can significantly impact stored goods, contributing to food and financial loss.
Transcripts
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good day everyone our topic for today is
all about pre and post Harvest weightage
and losses in agriculture pre harvesting
loss refers to the loss of crops before
the harvesting can be caused by a
variety of factors including past
weather conditions and
post Harvest lost defined as degradation
in both quantity and quality of food
from Harvest to
consumption pre and post Harvest wastage
and losses for the result of inefficient
functioning of Food Systems post Harvest
loss in the PHL system refers to the
quantitative and qualitative loss of
food in various post Harvest operations
lost of food is also defined as food
available for human consumption but not
consume this issue is especially serious
in a nation where agriculture is one of
the primary means of subsistance for
many families inadequate post Harvest
management result in a significant
decrease in the quality and quantity of
produce which has a negative impact on
the income of
farmers so these are the post harvesting
food
[Music]
losses so this includes the preharvest
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factors site selection genetic
constituent of produced planting
period irrigation thinning and pruning
maturity stage climatic condition heat
management rainfall Seasons fertilizer
application Pest and disease management
harvesting methods and
[Music]
time reasons for losses lack of clear
concept of parking house operations lack
of awareness Among The Growers
contractors and policy makers lack of
infrastructure late realization of its
importance inadequate technical support
inadequate post Harvest quality control
unorganized marketing absence of
precooling and Cold Storage inadequate
Market facilities Market intelligence
and Market information service poor
storage
facilities types of post Harvest losses
biological Pest and diseases chemical
visible external contamination with
pesticides and chemical products toxics
and Pleasant flavor produces by
pathogens and Etc mechanical injuries
Cuts bruises greases drops scrapings
shutters during harvesting and Etc
physical heating cooling freezing and
water loss physiological sprouting
rooting senance and changes caused by
transpiration and
respiration these are Environmental
factors influencing
deterioration temperature relative
humidity atmospheric composition and
lastly ethylene and
light so this includes the post Harvest
factors ethylene management chemical
treatments
eradiation respiration relative humidity
physical handling
and
gases so these are the precautions or
preventions and post Harvest losses
proper storage facilities good handling
practices effective
Packaging
temperature management quality control
post Harvest processing infrastructure
development Market access and
information training and education
integrated tests management
collaboration and networking
it's a sad realization that up to
onethird of the world's food is wasted
especially when in 2050 there will be 9
billion mouth to
feed in the Western World food is wasted
at consumer level in developing and
emerging countries over 30% of certain
food products do not even reach the
customer applies the post Harvest Supply
Chain for weak
links the quality of the product may be
meager to begin with lack of cooling bad
packaging poor infrastructure or
insufficient information will damage
products during
transport storage facilities may be full
to bursting when all Farmers Harvest at
the same time while pests and diseases
eat away at the stored
goods and so every step of the way
precious food and money are
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lost
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