Kekuasaan, Wewenang, Tanggungjawab, dan Pendelegasian

Summary

This lecture provides an in-depth exploration of key management concepts, including power, authority, responsibility, and delegation within organizational structures. It defines power in various forms, such as reward, coercive, expert, referent, and legitimate power, and contrasts it with authority, which is formally recognized within organizations. The lecture emphasizes the importance of aligning responsibility with authority, the conditions necessary for effective authority, and the delegation process. It also contrasts centralization and decentralization in decision-making. Understanding these principles is vital for managing teams and achieving organizational goals efficiently.

Takeaways

• 😀 Power is the ability to enforce one's will in social relationships, even in the face of resistance.
• 😀 There are five types of power: Reward Power, Coercive Power, Expert Power, Referent Power, and Legitimate Power.
• 😀 Reward Power is the ability to influence others by offering rewards or incentives.
• 😀 Coercive Power is the ability to control behavior through the threat of punishment or sanctions.
• 😀 Expert Power comes from possessing specialized knowledge or skills that others trust and follow.
• 😀 Referent Power is the influence derived from personal respect or admiration others have for you.
• 😀 Legitimate Power is authority that comes from a formal position or role within an organization.
• 😀 Authority is the formal, recognized right to make decisions and command others, and is different from power in its structure and acceptance.
• 😀 Responsibility involves the obligation to carry out assigned tasks and should align with the authority granted to an individual.
• 😀 Delegation involves transferring responsibility and authority to others while maintaining accountability for the outcomes.
• 😀 The principles of delegation include setting clear goals, assigning appropriate authority, and ensuring that tasks align with organizational goals.
• 😀 Centralization refers to concentrating decision-making power at higher levels, while decentralization allows decision-making at lower levels within an organization.

Q & A

What is the definition of power according to Weber?

According to Weber, power is the ability within a social relationship to carry out one's will, even in the face of opposition or resistance.

What are the five types of power mentioned in the script?

The five types of power are: Reward Power, Coercive Power, Expert Power, Referent Power, and Legitimate Power.

How does Reward Power function in an organization?

Reward Power functions by granting incentives or rewards, motivating subordinates to comply with the commands or expectations of their superior.

What distinguishes Coercive Power from other types of power?

Coercive Power is based on the ability to impose sanctions or punishment, leading subordinates to follow instructions out of fear of consequences.

What is Expert Power and how is it earned?

Expert Power is derived from specialized knowledge or skills in a particular field. It is earned when individuals possess expertise that others trust and rely on, like a doctor in healthcare.

What is the role of Referent Power in leadership?

Referent Power arises from the admiration or likeability of a leader. It is the power a leader holds because subordinates respect and enjoy working with them.

What does Legitimate Power rely on?

Legitimate Power is based on formal authority granted through legal or organizational means, such as having an official title or position.

What is the difference between power and authority as discussed in the script?

Power is the ability to influence others and enforce one's will, whereas authority refers to formalized and recognized power within an organization.

What is the connection between responsibility and authority in organizational management?

Responsibility and authority should be aligned; a person should only be responsible for tasks within their granted authority. If responsibility exceeds authority, it can lead to confusion or resentment.

How does delegation work within an organization?

Delegation involves assigning tasks and authority to subordinates to achieve organizational goals. It requires clear communication of tasks, granting necessary authority, and ensuring accountability for results.

What is the difference between decentralization and centralization?

Decentralization refers to the distribution of decision-making power to lower levels of an organization, whereas centralization involves concentrating decision-making power at the higher levels.

What principles are important in the delegation process?

The important principles in delegation are the Unity of Command (subordinates report to one superior), Responsibility and Accountability (tasks must be carried out and can be traced back to those responsible), and ensuring that authority is proportional to responsibility.