Persebaran Fauna di Indonesia dan di Dunia

Summary

This video delves into the distribution of fauna in Indonesia and the world, highlighting the six major zoogeographical zones. These include the Nearctic, Neotropical, Paleartic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australis zones, each with distinct animal species. The video compares animals from different regions, such as the similarities between llamas and alpacas, or armadillos and pangolins, while noting their key differences. The focus then shifts to Indonesia's fauna, divided into three main zones: Oriental, Endemic, and Australis, separated by Wallace and Weber's lines. The script concludes with an exploration of Indonesian flora distribution.

Takeaways

• 😀 Fauna around the world is divided into six major zones: Neartic, Neotropic, Paleartic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australis.
• 😀 The Neartic zone includes North America, Greenland, and parts of Mexico, with animals like bison, musk oxen, and bluebirds.
• 😀 The Neotropic zone, which stretches from central to South America, features tropical species such as armadillos, sloths, and capybaras.
• 😀 The Paleartic zone is the largest and covers Europe, Russia, Asia, and parts of North Africa, with animals like polar bears and pandas.
• 😀 The Ethiopian zone includes Africa and parts of the Middle East, known for animals like giraffes, gorillas, and ostriches.
• 😀 The Oriental zone spans South and Southeast Asia, and East Asia, with species like tigers, orangutans, and elephants.
• 😀 The Australis zone covers Australia, New Zealand, and parts of New Guinea, with unique fauna such as kangaroos, koalas, and cassowaries.
• 😀 Indonesia's fauna is divided into three main zones: Oriental, Endemic/Transitional, and Australis, marked by Wallace and Weber lines.
• 😀 The Wallace Line separates species of Asian origin from those found in Australia, influencing Indonesia’s fauna distribution.
• 😀 Indonesian fauna examples include tigers and orangutans (Oriental zone), Komodo dragons and anoas (Endemic zone), and kangaroos and cassowaries (Australis zone).
• 😀 There are notable distinctions between similar animals across zones, such as the differences between alpacas and llamas or elephants in the Oriental and Ethiopian zones.

Q & A

What are the six major zones for fauna distribution in the world?

The six major fauna zones in the world are: Neartic, Neotropic, Paleartic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australis.

What is the main distinction between the Neartic and Neotropic zones?

The Neartic zone is located in North America, including Greenland and parts of Mexico, and has a colder climate. The Neotropic zone, on the other hand, stretches from Central to South America and is characterized by tropical climates.

Can you give an example of fauna in the Neartic zone?

Examples of fauna in the Neartic zone include bison, turkeys, and squirrels.

How are the animals of the Neotropic zone distinct from those in the Neartic zone?

Fauna in the Neotropic zone, such as armadillos, sloths, and tapirs, are adapted to tropical climates, while Neartic animals like bison and squirrels are adapted to colder climates.

What animals are commonly found in the Paleartic zone?

The Paleartic zone includes animals such as polar bears, reindeer, and Siberian tigers.

What are the key features of the Ethiopian fauna zone?

The Ethiopian fauna zone includes animals like giraffes, gorillas, and elephants, which are commonly found in Africa and parts of the Middle East.

What distinguishes the Oriental fauna zone from others?

The Oriental fauna zone, found in South and Southeast Asia, features animals like tigers, orangutans, and elephants. It also overlaps with parts of Indonesia, particularly in Sumatra, Borneo, and Java.

What animals are found in the Australis zone?

The Australis zone includes animals like kangaroos, cassowaries, and the kiwi bird, primarily found in Australia, New Zealand, and New Guinea.

What is Wallace's Line and how does it relate to fauna in Indonesia?

Wallace's Line is an imaginary boundary that separates the fauna of the Oriental zone (found in western Indonesia) from that of the Australis zone (found in eastern Indonesia). It plays a key role in the distribution of species in Indonesia.

How is fauna in Indonesia categorized?

Fauna in Indonesia is divided into three zones: the Oriental zone, the Endemic/Transition zone, and the Australis zone, with each zone having distinct species based on geographical and climatic factors.