5 de outubro de 1910 - O Troll divulga...

Summary

The video recounts the events leading to the fall of the Portuguese monarchy and the establishment of the Republic in 1910. It details the reign of King Manuel II, who ascended the throne after the assassination of his father and brother in 1908. Despite his efforts to appease republicans, a revolution erupted on October 4, 1910. After the royal family fled, the republic was proclaimed on October 5, 1910, and a new national flag, currency, and anthem were introduced. The first president of the republic, Manuel de Arriaga, took office, marking the end of the monarchy in Portugal.

Takeaways

• 😀 The last flag of the Portuguese monarchy, known as the 'Royal Flag', was used on October 3, 1910, when King Manuel II ruled.
• 😀 King Manuel II was the second son of King Carlos I of Portugal and had originally trained for a career in the navy.
• 😀 In 1908, King Carlos I and his heir, Prince Luiz Felipe, were assassinated by republicans aiming to overthrow the monarchy.
• 😀 King Manuel II ascended to the throne but was unprepared for leadership and struggled to calm republican unrest.
• 😀 To appease republicans, King Manuel II freed political prisoners and lifted press censorship.
• 😀 The republicans continued their efforts, leading to another revolt on the night of October 4, 1910.
• 😀 Republican military and civilians gathered in Lisbon, led by Navy officer Machado dos Santos, initiating the revolution.
• 😀 The royal palace, the Palácio das Necessidades, was bombarded by naval ships in the Tejo River, forcing King Manuel II to flee.
• 😀 King Manuel II attempted to escape to the National Palace of Mafra and later tried to reach Porto, but ultimately fled to England.
• 😀 On October 5, 1910, the revolution succeeded, and the Portuguese Republic was proclaimed with a new green and red flag.
• 😀 The national anthem, 'A Portuguesa,' and the new coat of arms became symbols of the Republic, with Manuel de Arriaga becoming the first president.

Q & A

What was the significance of the national flag on October 5, 1910?

The national flag on October 5, 1910, was significant as it marked the end of the monarchy and the beginning of the Portuguese Republic. The flag became known as the last flag of the Portuguese monarchy before the Republic was proclaimed.

Who was Dom Manuel II, and what role did he play in the monarchy?

Dom Manuel II was the last King of Portugal. He was the second son of King Dom Carlos. He was initially unprepared for the role of king and became monarch after the assassination of his father and brother in 1908.

How did Dom Manuel II become King of Portugal?

Dom Manuel II became King of Portugal after the assassination of his father, King Dom Carlos, and his older brother, the heir Dom Luiz Felipe, in 1908 by republicans.

What actions did Dom Manuel II take to address the growing Republican unrest?

In response to the growing Republican unrest, Dom Manuel II attempted to calm tensions by releasing political prisoners and abolishing censorship in the press, but these measures were not enough to stop the revolts.

What sparked the Republican Revolution of October 4, 1910?

The Republican Revolution of October 4, 1910, was sparked by a series of attempts by republicans to overthrow the monarchy, culminating in a military and popular uprising in Lisbon, where military leaders like Machado dos Santos took charge.

What was the role of Machado dos Santos in the revolution?

Machado dos Santos, a naval officer, played a key role in the Republican Revolution by leading the military efforts to overthrow the monarchy, including organizing attacks such as the bombardment of the Palace of Necessidades.

How did Dom Manuel II respond to the Republican revolt?

Dom Manuel II initially escaped to the Palace of Mafra but, realizing he was still not safe, fled to England with his family after the failure to suppress the revolt, marking the end of the monarchy.

What happened on October 5, 1910, in Portugal?

On October 5, 1910, the Republic of Portugal was officially proclaimed, marking the end of the monarchy and the establishment of a new republican government.

What changes were made to the national symbols after the republic was proclaimed?

After the republic was proclaimed, the national flag was changed to green and red, the escudo became the new republican currency, and the anthem 'A Portuguesa,' which had been popular with republicans since 1890, became the national anthem.

Who was the first President of Portugal after the monarchy was abolished?

The first President of the Republic of Portugal was Manuel de Arriaga, who took office after the monarchy was abolished on October 5, 1910.