Ir Edi WIbowo, Dirjen EBTKE - Adopsi green energy di Indonesia, Persiapan infrastrukturnya

Summary

This speech discusses Indonesia's commitment to renewable energy and its strategies to transition toward net zero emissions by 2060. The speaker highlights the challenges of reducing dependency on energy imports, promoting energy sustainability, and addressing the energy trilemma: security, equity, and environmental impact. Various renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal, and bioenergy, are emphasized. The importance of government, private sector, and community collaboration is stressed to meet energy goals and reduce emissions, along with the implementation of policies and technological innovations for achieving a sustainable energy future.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is currently facing energy challenges, such as energy dependency on imports, which may be impacted by geopolitical tensions, as seen in Europe’s reliance on coal after the Ukraine war.
• 😀 The energy trilemma (energy security, equity, and environmental sustainability) is a critical concern for Indonesia, as it aims to reduce reliance on imported energy and increase domestic energy production.
• 😀 Indonesia has committed to reducing carbon emissions by 31.9% by 2030 and reaching Net Zero emissions by 2060, with a focus on low-carbon energy sources and technologies like bioenergy, electrification, and CCS.
• 😀 The energy roadmap includes large-scale deployment of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydropower, and biomass, aiming to reach a total installed capacity of 2,400-2,700 GW by 2060.
• 😀 Indonesia is working towards creating a Supergrid that connects energy sources across its islands, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Papua, to enhance the distribution of renewable energy.
• 😀 Indonesia has significant untapped renewable energy potential, with an estimated 3,687 GW, yet only around 13 GW is currently being utilized. This presents a major opportunity for growth.
• 😀 Investment in renewable energy technologies, particularly solar and wind, has been decreasing in cost over the past decade, making them competitive with traditional coal-fired plants.
• 😀 Biodiesel is a major focus for Indonesia’s energy transition, with the government targeting production of over 14 million KL by 2025. This is seen as essential for reducing import dependency and creating job opportunities.
• 😀 Bioethanol is being explored but faces challenges such as feedstock limitations and infrastructure gaps. The government is harmonizing regulations to address these issues and aims to produce 1.2 million KL of bioethanol by 2030.
• 😀 The government is also supporting the transition to biofuels in aviation, with successful commercial flights using J2.4 biofuel, a blend derived from palm oil, demonstrating progress in this sector.
• 😀 To achieve the energy transition and Net Zero goals, a multi-stakeholder collaboration (government, private sector, academia, NGOs) is critical. This includes streamlining regulations, incentivizing investments, and ensuring sufficient infrastructure for energy projects.

Q & A

What is the main challenge Indonesia faces regarding energy in the future?

Indonesia's main challenge is reducing dependency on imported energy and ensuring energy security from domestic sources. This is critical for the country's economic stability and to avoid potential disruptions from geopolitical conflicts.

What is the significance of achieving net-zero emissions by 2060 for Indonesia?

Achieving net-zero emissions by 2060 is significant for Indonesia to meet global climate targets and reduce its carbon footprint. It also aligns with the country's commitment to sustainable development and helps mitigate the effects of climate change.

What are the key elements of energy security that Indonesia must focus on?

Indonesia must focus on four key elements of energy security: accessibility (ability to access energy), availability (ensuring energy supply), affordability (keeping energy costs reasonable), and acceptability (ensuring the energy sources are environmentally friendly).

How does Indonesia plan to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 2030?

Indonesia plans to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 31.9% from business-as-usual levels by 2030, with a focus on transitioning to low-carbon energy sources and increasing the use of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, and bioenergy.

What are the four major types of renewable energy sources Indonesia is focusing on for the future?

Indonesia is focusing on four major renewable energy sources for the future: solar (PLTS), wind (PLTB), geothermal (PLTP), and hydropower (PLTA), alongside efforts to integrate new energy sources like hydrogen and ammonia.

What is the importance of a Supergrid in Indonesia's energy strategy?

The Supergrid is important for Indonesia's energy strategy because it connects various regions across the archipelago, allowing for more efficient distribution of renewable energy. This infrastructure will ensure a more reliable and sustainable energy supply across the country.

What are the potential benefits of using biodiesel in heavy transportation?

Biodiesel offers a sustainable solution for heavy transportation, such as trucks and ships, by reducing dependency on fossil fuels. It also supports energy security and helps mitigate environmental impact by reducing carbon emissions from transportation.

How is the use of bioethanol progressing in Indonesia, and what challenges remain?

The use of bioethanol in Indonesia is progressing, with trials already underway and a target to produce 1.2 million KL by 2030. However, challenges include limited feedstock availability, high raw material costs, and a lack of incentives, which are being addressed through regulatory reforms and research.

What role do government regulations play in Indonesia's renewable energy development?

Government regulations are crucial in accelerating renewable energy development by providing incentives, facilitating investments, and setting clear targets. Indonesia is working on several regulations, such as Perpres No. 40/2023, to support bioethanol production, and others to streamline energy transitions.

What steps is Indonesia taking to reduce emissions from coal power plants?

Indonesia is implementing a coal plant 'co-firing' program, using biomass to reduce the carbon emissions from coal power plants. In 2023, this program successfully co-fired 1 million tons of biomass, leading to a reduction of over 1.5 million tons of CO2 emissions.