Praktikum Fotosintesis - Percobaan Ingenhousz

Summary

In this video, the host guides viewers through a practical experiment on photosynthesis known as the Ingenhousz experiment. The objective is to demonstrate that photosynthesis produces oxygen and is influenced by factors such as light, carbon dioxide, and temperature. The experiment uses water plants, various setups with differing light and temperature conditions, and sodium bicarbonate. Observations reveal that oxygen production is highest under direct sunlight with added sodium bicarbonate. The video concludes with a test confirming oxygen production, as a glowing ember flares up, highlighting the importance of light, CO2, and temperature in photosynthesis.

Takeaways

• 🌱 The Ingenhousz experiment aims to demonstrate that photosynthesis produces oxygen.
• 💡 It also investigates the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, such as light, temperature, and CO2 levels.
• 🧪 Essential materials include beaker, glass funnel, thermometer, test tubes, wire, and a water bath with aquatic plants.
• 🌿 Aquatic plants, specifically Kara, are used in this experiment, tied inside the funnel and submerged in water.
• ☀️ Five experimental setups are created: one exposed to direct sunlight, another placed in the shade, one with hot water (40°C), one with cold water (10°C), and another with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) added.
• 📈 The experiment tracks oxygen production by observing gas bubbles formed over 30 minutes in the test tubes.
• 🌞 The setup with direct sunlight and NaHCO₃ generates the most oxygen bubbles because NaHCO₃ provides extra CO2 for photosynthesis.
• 🔥 Oxygen is confirmed by testing with a glowing ember, which reignites, indicating that oxygen is the gas produced.
• ❄️ The cold setup shows the least bubbles due to lower temperature reducing the rate of photosynthesis.
• 🔬 This experiment proves that photosynthesis releases oxygen and is influenced by light, CO2 levels, and temperature.

Q & A

What is the primary goal of the Ingenhousz photosynthesis experiment?

The primary goal of the Ingenhousz photosynthesis experiment is to prove that photosynthesis produces oxygen and to identify the factors affecting the process.

What materials are required for the Ingenhousz experiment?

The materials required include a 1000 ml beaker, wire, a thermometer, test tubes, a lux meter (if available), a glass funnel, a basin of water, and aquatic plants (like Kara), sodium bicarbonate, ice, and hot water.

Why is it important to assemble the experiment equipment underwater?

Assembling the equipment underwater is important to ensure there are no air bubbles trapped in the test tubes, which could interfere with the measurement of oxygen produced during photosynthesis.

How many setups are used in the experiment, and how are they positioned?

Five setups are used in the experiment. They are: one placed in direct sunlight, one placed in the shade, one in direct sunlight with hot water (40°C), one in direct sunlight with ice (10°C), and one in direct sunlight with sodium bicarbonate.

What is the purpose of adding sodium bicarbonate to one of the experimental setups?

Sodium bicarbonate is added as a source of carbon dioxide, which is needed for photosynthesis. It breaks down into NaOH and CO2, making it a key factor in increasing the rate of photosynthesis.

What observation should be made during the experiment?

The key observation is the number of gas bubbles rising into the test tubes in each setup, which indicates the production of oxygen during photosynthesis. The bubbles are monitored for 30 minutes.

Which setup is expected to produce the most oxygen, and why?

The setup exposed to direct sunlight and sodium bicarbonate is expected to produce the most oxygen. This is because the addition of CO2 enhances the rate of photosynthesis.

What effect does temperature have on the rate of photosynthesis in this experiment?

Higher temperatures (40°C with hot water) increase the rate of photosynthesis, while lower temperatures (10°C with ice) decrease it. This shows that temperature is a factor influencing photosynthesis.

How is the presence of oxygen in the gas bubbles tested?

The presence of oxygen is tested by carefully removing the test tube and exposing the gas to a glowing ember. If the ember burns brighter, it confirms the presence of oxygen.

What conclusions can be drawn from this experiment?

The experiment confirms that oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and shows that factors like light exposure, CO2 levels, and temperature significantly affect the rate of oxygen production.